Language Education During The Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has catalyzed a new era in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning and teaching by shifting EFL education from the face-to-face learning paradigm to the online and distance learning paradigm. Teachers and students have faced several challenges such as choosing appropriate web tools for presenting content either synchronously or asynchronously, motivating students to participate, and assessing students’ learning. Additionally, this shift to emergency remote online learning represents a challenge for students, particularly with managing their own learning. Taking into account that many students attend low-income schools with limited resources that lack reliable access to the internet and computers, this shift has resulted in growing equity gaps. Likewise, transitioning to emergency remote teaching has revealed a lack of digital competency and readiness amongst teachers. English as a Foreign Language in a New-Found Post-Pandemic World presents an overview of various tools, designs, and strategies utilized to provide digital teaching and assessment of the English language, shares research on using digital technologies for supporting English language learning, and identifies promising areas and directions for future innovations, applications, and research in digital English language learning and teaching. Covering critical topics such as digital teacher education, language learning environments, and online instructional tools, this reference work is crucial for administrators, policymakers, teacher educators, special educators, educational technologists, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, instructors, and students.

This edited book explores and illustrates successful practices for online assessment and community-building, based on the authors' own classroom practice during and in the immediate aftermath of the pandemic. The authors argue that what has happened during the coronavirus pandemic has fundamentally changed perspectives on language education, and that if the importance of using online teaching tools in the classroom was dimly understood before the crisis, the language teaching establishment has now fully realized their potential and must continue exploring this further, even as the option to return to in-person teaching becomes widespread. Ranging from online activities to course design, the volume presents a comprehensive outlook at distance learning in modern foreign languages. It does so by focusing on those two aspects that, within an emergency scenario, have proven most challenging, namely: how to assess students in a non-controlled environment and how to foster a sense of community from the confinement of our isolated learning spaces. This book will be of interest to academics and practitioners in Language Education, as well as teachers and teacher trainees.

Topics include work-integrated learning (internships), student well-being, and students with disabilities. Also,it explores the impact on assessments and academic integrity and what analysis of online systems tells us. Preface ................................................................................................................................ ix Section I: Introduction .................................................. 1 Chapter 1: COVID-19 Emergency Education Policy and Learning Loss: A Comparative Study ............................................................................................................ 3 Athena Vongalis-Macrow, Denise De Souza, Clare Littleton, Anna Sekhar Section II: Student and Teacher Perspectives .............. 27 Chapter 2: Classrooms Going Digital – Evaluating Online Presence Through Students’ Perception Using Community of Inquiry Framework .............................. 29 Hiep Cong Pham, Phuong Ai Hoang, Duy Khanh Pham, Nguyen Hoang Thuan, Minh Nhat Nguyen Chapter 3: A Study of Music Education, Singing, and Social Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives of Music Teachers and Their Students in Hong Kong, China .......................................................................................................... 51 Wai-Chung Ho Hong Kong Baptist University Chapter 4: The Architectural Design Studio During a Pandemic: A Hybrid Pedagogy of Virtual and Experiential Learning .......................................................... 75 Cecilia De Marinis, Ross T. Smith Chapter 5: Enhancing Online Education with Intelligent Discussion Tools ........ 97 Jake Renzella, Laura Tubino, Andrew Cain, Jean-Guy Schneider Section III: Student Experience ................................... 115 Chapter 6: Australian Higher Education Student Perspectives on Emergency Remote Teaching During the COVID-19 Pandemic ............................................... 117 Christopher Cheong, Justin Filippou, France Cheong, Gillian Vesty, Viktor Arity Chapter 7: Online Learning and Engagement with the Business Practices During Pandemic ......................................................................................................................... 151 Aida Ghalebeigi, Ehsan Gharaie Chapter 8: Effects of an Emergency Transition to Online Learning in Higher Education in Mexico ..................................................................................................... 165 Deon Victoria Heffington, Vladimir Veniamin Cabañas Victoria Chapter 9: Factors Affecting the Quality of E-Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic From the Perspective of Higher Education Students ............................ 189 Kesavan Vadakalur Elumalai, Jayendira P Sankar, Kalaichelvi R, Jeena Ann John, Nidhi Menon, Mufleh Salem M Alqahtani, May Abdulaziz Abumelha Disabilities ................................................................. 213 Chapter 10: Learning and Working Online During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Wellbeing Literacy Perspective on Work Integrated Learning Students ............... 215 Nancy An, Gillian Vesty, Christopher Cheong Chapter 11: Hands-on Learning in a Hands-off World: Project-Based Learning as a Method of Student Engagement and Support During the COVID-19 Crisis .. 245 Nicole A. Suarez, Ephemeral Roshdy, Dana V. Bakke, Andrea A. Chiba, Leanne Chukoskie Chapter 12: Positive and Contemplative Pedagogies: A Holistic Educational Approach to Student Learning and Well-being ........................................................ 265 Sandy Fitzgerald (née Ng) Chapter 13: Taking Advantage of New Opportunities Afforded by the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study in Responsive and Dynamic Library and Information Science Work Integrated Learning .............................................................................. 297 Jessie Lymn, Suzanne Pasanai Chapter 14: Online Learning for Students with Disabilities During COVID-19 Lockdown ....................................................................................................................... 313 Mark Taylor Section V: Teacher Practice .......................................... 331 Chapter 15: From Impossibility to Necessity: Reflections on Moving to Emergency Remote University Teaching During COVID-19 ............................... 333 Mikko Rajanen Chapter 16: Business (Teaching) as Usual Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Online Teaching Practice in Hong Kong ......................................... 355 Tsz Kit Ng, Rebecca Reynolds, Man Yi (Helen) Chan, Xiu Han Li, Samuel Kai Wah Chu Chapter 17: Secondary School Language Teachers’ Online Learning Engagement during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia ......................................................... 385 Imelda Gozali, Anita Lie, Siti Mina Tamah, Katarina Retno Triwidayati, Tresiana Sari Diah Utami, Fransiskus Jemadi Chapter 18: Riding the COVID-19 Wave: Online Learning Activities for a Field-based Marine Science Unit ........................................................................................... 415 PF Francis Section VI: Assessment and Academic Integrity .......... 429 Chapter 19: Student Academic Integrity in Online Learning in Higher Education in the Era of COVID-19 .............................................................................................. 431 Carolyn Augusta, Robert D. E. Henderson Chapter 20: Assessing Mathematics During COVID-19 Times ............................ 447 Simon James, Kerri Morgan, Guillermo Pineda-Villavicencio, Laura Tubino Chapter 21: Preparedness of Institutions of Higher Education for Assessment in Virtual Learning Environments During the COVID-19 Lockdown: Evidence of Bona Fide Challenges and Pragmatic Solutions ........................................................ 465 Talha Sharadgah, Rami Sa’di Section VII: Social Media, Analytics, and Systems ...... 487 Chapter 22: Learning Disrupted: A Comparison of Two Consecutive Student Cohorts ............................................................................................................................ 489 Peter Vitartas, Peter Matheis Chapter 23: What Twitter Tells Us about Online Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic ................................................................................................................... 503 Sa Liu, Jason R Harron

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has created challenges and opportunities for both teachers and students. In many countries, online teaching was something new, never experienced before. Therefore, everyone had to start from scratch. The articles in this proceeding provide the experiences, challenges, and strategies that L2 teachers and students had during the recent emergency remote teaching. Four main themes were covered: 1) online L2 learning curriculum and materials development, 2) L2 learning and acquisition in a virtual learning environment, 3) online L2 testing, assessment, program evaluation, and 4) teacher and students’ critical reflections on online L2 teaching and learning practices. Written by L2 teachers and teacher educators, we dedicate this proceeding to all L2 teachers and teacher educators who continue trying to maintain high-quality L2 education during and post-pandemic.

This volume investigates the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic regarding teaching languages online. In this regard, it focuses on the effects of online/remote teaching on teachers and teacher educators, considering the challenges that they have faced, how they tried to deal with these challenges, and the opportunities that arose while teaching during the pandemic. The chapters include narratives by teachers working in different countries around the world, and present their first-hand suggestions for good practices and solutions. They also highlight various tools, techniques, and solutions specific to individual countries, but transferrable to other similar contexts around the world. The book will be a valuable resource for pre- and in-service teachers, and teacher trainers involved in teaching English as a Foreign and Second Language, and will be of interest to practitioners who wish to understand multinational perspectives on online teaching, and its challenges and opportunities.

Language education tends to require more face-to-face interaction and longer hours of both teaching and learning. The challenges of ensuring the future and development of the discipline, especially after a time of crisis, is equally unprecedented. A comprehensive overview of the global picture of best practices as well as research in recent times are needed in the field of language education, particularly in higher education settings. The changing nature of language education in terms of its policy, curriculum design, methodology, and innovation is an essential discussion to advance the field. It is critical to explore how a more collaborative, global, and interdisciplinary mindset, as well as technologically driven approaches have emerged through recent years and how it will continue to shape the future development in the field. Trends and Developments for the Future of Language Education in Higher Education captures the current trends and ongoing development within language education through a global picture of the best practices as well as the latest research on language education in higher education settings. The chapters cover changes in policy, curriculum design, methodology, and innovation in the modern language education landscape. While focusing on the current situation of language education and the changes that it has been undergoing, this book also provides information on future development and the overall outlook of language education. This book is ideal for teachers, instructional designers, curricula developers, inservice and preservice teachers, administrators, teacher educators, practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students looking for an overview of the current position of language education in higher education.

The Covid-19 pandemic has directly impacted the way teachers and learners worldwide teach and learn languages, forcing numerous educational activities in technologically-deprived contexts to stop altogether and those in technologically-rich environments to go online on an emergency basis. This volume provides a collection of theoretical and practical insights into the challenges and affordances faced globally during the pandemic and lessons learnt about the application of digital technologies for language teaching and learning. The chapters explore the vital role of technology in its various forms, including the internet, social media, CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning), MALL (Mobile Assisted Language Learning), TALL (Technology Assisted Language Learning) and TELL (Technology Enhanced Language Learning). Topics explored include the new avenues digital technology has opened up for language teachers and learners, options and challenges in applying technology in various contexts, and how the second language education industry could have been adversely impacted at the time of the pandemic without technological affordances. The contributions showcase studies from various geographical contexts, revealing how the global crisis was received and tackled differently in Australia, Hong Kong, Iran, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, the UAE, the UK and the USA.

This publication offers both a timely reflection on the challenges faced and the approaches developed over the course of the pandemic and a look into the future at ways in which the skills and insights gained may bring about beneficial lasting changes in the teaching and learning of languages.