Lectures On Measure And Integration

These well-known and concise lecture notes present the fundamentals of the Lebesgue theory of integration and an introduction to some of the theory's applications. Suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduate students of mathematics, the treatment also covers topics of interest to practicing analysts. Author Harold Widom emphasizes the construction and properties of measures in general and Lebesgue measure in particular as well as the definition of the integral and its main properties. The notes contain chapters on the Lebesgue spaces and their duals, differentiation of measures in Euclidean space, and the application of integration theory to Fourier series.

This is a graduate text introducing the fundamentals of measure theory and integration theory, which is the foundation of modern real analysis. The text focuses first on the concrete setting of Lebesgue measure and the Lebesgue integral (which in turn is motivated by the more classical concepts of Jordan measure and the Riemann integral), before moving on to abstract measure and integration theory, including the standard convergence theorems, Fubini's theorem, and the Carathéodory extension theorem. Classical differentiation theorems, such as the Lebesgue and Rademacher differentiation theorems, are also covered, as are connections with probability theory. The material is intended to cover a quarter or semester's worth of material for a first graduate course in real analysis. There is an emphasis in the text on tying together the abstract and the concrete sides of the subject, using the latter to illustrate and motivate the former. The central role of key principles (such as Littlewood's three principles) as providing guiding intuition to the subject is also emphasized. There are a large number of exercises throughout that develop key aspects of the theory, and are thus an integral component of the text. As a supplementary section, a discussion of general problem-solving strategies in analysis is also given. The last three sections discuss optional topics related to the main matter of the book.

Real Analysis is the third volume in the Princeton Lectures in Analysis, a series of four textbooks that aim to present, in an integrated manner, the core areas of analysis. Here the focus is on the development of measure and integration theory, differentiation and integration, Hilbert spaces, and Hausdorff measure and fractals. This book reflects the objective of the series as a whole: to make plain the organic unity that exists between the various parts of the subject, and to illustrate the wide applicability of ideas of analysis to other fields of mathematics and science. After setting forth the basic facts of measure theory, Lebesgue integration, and differentiation on Euclidian spaces, the authors move to the elements of Hilbert space, via the L2 theory. They next present basic illustrations of these concepts from Fourier analysis, partial differential equations, and complex analysis. The final part of the book introduces the reader to the fascinating subject of fractional-dimensional sets, including Hausdorff measure, self-replicating sets, space-filling curves, and Besicovitch sets. Each chapter has a series of exercises, from the relatively easy to the more complex, that are tied directly to the text. A substantial number of hints encourage the reader to take on even the more challenging exercises. As with the other volumes in the series, Real Analysis is accessible to students interested in such diverse disciplines as mathematics, physics, engineering, and finance, at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Also available, the first two volumes in the Princeton Lectures in Analysis:

This book deals with topics on the theory of measure and integration. It starts with discussion on the Riemann integral and points out certain shortcomings, which motivate the theory of measure and the Lebesgue integral. Most of the material in this book can be covered in a one-semester introductory course. An awareness of basic real analysis and elementary topological notions, with special emphasis on the topology of the n-dimensional Euclidean space, is the pre-requisite for this book. Each chapter is provided with a variety of exercises for the students. The book is targeted to students of graduate- and advanced-graduate-level courses on the theory of measure and integration.

This text approaches integration via measure theory as opposed to measure theory via integration, an approach which makes it easier to grasp the subject. Apart from its central importance to pure mathematics, the material is also relevant to applied mathematics and probability, with proof of the mathematics set out clearly and in considerable detail. Numerous worked examples necessary for teaching and learning at undergraduate level constitute a strong feature of the book, and after studying statements of results of the theorems, students should be able to attempt the 300 problem exercises which test comprehension and for which detailed solutions are provided. Approaches integration via measure theory, as opposed to measure theory via integration, making it easier to understand the subject Includes numerous worked examples necessary for teaching and learning at undergraduate level Detailed solutions are provided for the 300 problem exercises which test comprehension of the theorems provided

This open access textbook welcomes students into the fundamental theory of measure, integration, and real analysis. Focusing on an accessible approach, Axler lays the foundations for further study by promoting a deep understanding of key results. Content is carefully curated to suit a single course, or two-semester sequence of courses, creating a versatile entry point for graduate studies in all areas of pure and applied mathematics. Motivated by a brief review of Riemann integration and its deficiencies, the text begins by immersing students in the concepts of measure and integration. Lebesgue measure and abstract measures are developed together, with each providing key insight into the main ideas of the other approach. Lebesgue integration links into results such as the Lebesgue Differentiation Theorem. The development of products of abstract measures leads to Lebesgue measure on Rn. Chapters on Banach spaces, Lp spaces, and Hilbert spaces showcase major results such as the Hahn–Banach Theorem, Hölder’s Inequality, and the Riesz Representation Theorem. An in-depth study of linear maps on Hilbert spaces culminates in the Spectral Theorem and Singular Value Decomposition for compact operators, with an optional interlude in real and complex measures. Building on the Hilbert space material, a chapter on Fourier analysis provides an invaluable introduction to Fourier series and the Fourier transform. The final chapter offers a taste of probability. Extensively class tested at multiple universities and written by an award-winning mathematical expositor, Measure, Integration & Real Analysis is an ideal resource for students at the start of their journey into graduate mathematics. A prerequisite of elementary undergraduate real analysis is assumed; students and instructors looking to reinforce these ideas will appreciate the electronic Supplement for Measure, Integration & Real Analysis that is freely available online. For errata and updates, visit https://measure.axler.net/

This concise text is intended as an introductory course in measure and integration. It covers essentials of the subject, providing ample motivation for new concepts and theorems in the form of discussion and remarks, and with many worked-out examples. The novelty of Measure and Integration: A First Course is in its style of exposition of the standard material in a student-friendly manner. New concepts are introduced progressively from less abstract to more abstract so that the subject is felt on solid footing. The book starts with a review of Riemann integration as a motivation for the necessity of introducing the concepts of measure and integration in a general setting. Then the text slowly evolves from the concept of an outer measure of subsets of the set of real line to the concept of Lebesgue measurable sets and Lebesgue measure, and then to the concept of a measure, measurable function, and integration in a more general setting. Again, integration is first introduced with non-negative functions, and then progressively with real and complex-valued functions. A chapter on Fourier transform is introduced only to make the reader realize the importance of the subject to another area of analysis that is essential for the study of advanced courses on partial differential equations. Key Features Numerous examples are worked out in detail. Lebesgue measurability is introduced only after convincing the reader of its necessity. Integrals of a non-negative measurable function is defined after motivating its existence as limits of integrals of simple measurable functions. Several inquisitive questions and important conclusions are displayed prominently. A good number of problems with liberal hints is provided at the end of each chapter. The book is so designed that it can be used as a text for a one-semester course during the first year of a master's program in mathematics or at the senior undergraduate level. About the Author M. Thamban Nair is a professor of mathematics at the Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India. He was a post-doctoral fellow at the University of Grenoble, France through a French government scholarship, and also held visiting positions at Australian National University, Canberra, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, University of St-Etienne, France, and Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. The broad area of Prof. Nair’s research is in functional analysis and operator equations, more specifically, in the operator theoretic aspects of inverse and ill-posed problems. Prof. Nair has published more than 70 research papers in nationally and internationally reputed journals in the areas of spectral approximations, operator equations, and inverse and ill-posed problems. He is also the author of three books: Functional Analysis: A First Course (PHI-Learning, New Delhi), Linear Operator Equations: Approximation and Regularization (World Scientific, Singapore), and Calculus of One Variable (Ane Books Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi), and he is also co-author of Linear Algebra (Springer, New York).