Locating Gender

First published in 1994, Locating Gender combines a case-study approach with significant theoretical development to challenge explanations of occupational segregation. It examines the diversity of women’s employment experience, gender segregation within employment establishments, employment and domestic relations, and the place of gender in perceptions of inequality. The book develops the concepts of component-wage and full-wage jobs in the context of work histories and employment relations, and establishes their usefulness in the study of the social adequacy of wages. In doing so, it provides a close and critical examination of the power of gender as an explanatory concept in employment and domestic relations, including an in-depth analysis of the circumstances prior to, and following, changes to eliminate sex discrimination from official practices in a particular workplace. It will be of interest to students and researchers of gender studies, the sociology of work and social stratification, social policy, business studies, and labour economics.

This book visits modernism within a comparative, gendered, and third-world framework, questioning current scholarly categorisations of modernism and reframing our conception of what constitutes modernist aesthetics. It describes the construction of modernist studies and argues that despite a range of interventions which suggest that philosophical and material articulations with the third world shaped modernism, an emphasis on modernist "universals" persists. Ramanathan argues that women and third-world authors have reshaped received notions of the modern and revised orthodox ideas on the modern aesthetic. Authors such as Bessie Head, Josiane Racine, T.Obinkaram Echewa, Raja Rao, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Sembene Ousmane, Salman Rushdie, Ana Castillo, Attia Hossain, Bapsi Sidhwa, and Sahar Khalifeh, are visited in their specific cultural contexts and use some form of realism, a mode that western modernism relegates to the nineteenth century. A comparative methodology and extensive research on intersecting topics such as post-coloniality and the articulation between gender and modernist aesthetics facilitates readings of the modern in twentieth century literature that fall outside standards of western modernism. Considering the relationship between aesthetics and ideology, Ramanathan lays out a critical apparatus to enhance our understanding of the modern, thus suggesting that form is not universal, but that the history of forms, like the history of colonialism and of women, indicates very specific modalities of the modern.

One primary concern within the study of law has been to understand the law/society relation. Underlying this concern is the belief that law has a distinctly social basis; it both shapes and is shaped by the society in which it operates. This book explores the law/society relation by locating law within the nexus of race/class/gender/sexuality relations in society. Recognizing that inequalities along these lines exist in society raises important questions: What role has law historically played in generating today's inequalities? Is law part of the problem or part of the solution? Can we use law as a strategy to achieve meaningful change? The essays in this new edition of Locating Law demonstrate law's role in a variety of specific contexts, including perpetuating colonialism in Canada, protecting corporations and holding women responsible for sexual violence against them. These analyses are sure to generate discussion and debate and, in the process, enhance our understanding of this important relation between law and society.

"Home : a place that provides access to every opportunity America has to offer.--A.H."--P. [vii]

As a popular and powerful medium, mobile use has increased significantly across the world. The effects of these communication devices have not only transformed how we communicate but also how we gather and distribute information in a variety of industries including healthcare, business, and education. Impacts of Mobile Use and Experience on Contemporary Society provides cross-disciplinary research that ties together use and experience examining the transformative influence of mobile technology and how it is reshaping who we are and what we do. Featuring research that investigates the impacts on both actors and activities with topic coverage that includes academic application, economic value, and mobile learning, scholars from different disciplines from all over the world identify the crucial implications behind mobile technology. Included amongst the targeted audience are educators, policymakers, healthcare professionals, managers, academicians, researchers, and practitioners.

The United Nations Peacebuilding Commission (UNPBC) was established in December 2005 to develop outlines of best practice in post-conflict reconstruction, and to secure the political and material resources necessary to assist states in transition from conflict to peacetime. Currently, the organization is involved in reconstruction and peacebuilding activities in six countries. Yet, a 2010 review by permanent representatives to the United Nations found that the hopes of the UN peacebuilding architecture "despite committed and dedicated efforts...ha[d] yet to be realized." Two of these hopes relate to gender and power, specifically that peacebuilding efforts integrate a "gender perspective" and that the Commission consult with civil society, NGOs, and women's organizations. This book is the first to offer an extensive and dedicated analysis of the activities of the UN Peacebuilding Commission with regard to both gender politics, broadly conceived, and the gendered dynamics of civil society participation in peacebuilding activities. Laura J. Shepherd draws upon original fieldwork that she conducted at the UN to argue that the gendered and spatial politics of peacebuilding not only feminizes civil society organizations, but also perpetuates hierarchies that privilege the international over the domestic realms. The book argues that the dominant representations of women, gender, and civil society in UN peacebuilding discourse produce spatial hierarchies that paradoxically undermine the contemporary emphasis on "bottom-up" governance of peacebuilding activities.

This book visits modernism within a comparative, gendered, and third-world framework, questioning current scholarly categorisations of modernism and reframing our conception of what constitutes modernist aesthetics. It describes the construction of modernist studies and argues that despite a range of interventions which suggest that philosophical and material articulations with the third world shaped modernism, an emphasis on modernist "universals" persists. Ramanathan argues that women and third-world authors have reshaped received notions of the modern and revised orthodox ideas on the modern aesthetic. Authors such as Bessie Head, Josiane Racine, T.Obinkaram Echewa, Raja Rao, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Sembene Ousmane, Salman Rushdie, Ana Castillo, Attia Hossain, Bapsi Sidhwa, and Sahar Khalifeh, are visited in their specific cultural contexts and use some form of realism, a mode that western modernism relegates to the nineteenth century. A comparative methodology and extensive research on intersecting topics such as post-coloniality and the articulation between gender and modernist aesthetics facilitates readings of the modern in twentieth century literature that fall outside standards of western modernism. Considering the relationship between aesthetics and ideology, Ramanathan lays out a critical apparatus to enhance our understanding of the modern, thus suggesting that form is not universal, but that the history of forms, like the history of colonialism and of women, indicates very specific modalities of the modern.

This interdisciplinary book explores how the policy goal of gender equality operates in arguably the most masculinist area of politics: peace and security. Gender equality was set on the international peace and security agenda with the adoption of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 in 2000 and the inception of the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda. Celebrated internationally as an outcome of feminist advocacy efforts, the WPS agenda has over time become a site of contestation. Security institutions have questioned the placement of the gender equality objective within the peace and security sector, whereas feminist advocates have expressed their concerns about the capacity of security institutions to support gender equality in meaningful ways. Drawing on insights of nearly seventy UN, government, international and local civil society experts, the book offers a systematic take on key gender equality debates within the WPS agenda in the case studies of UN Security Council, ASEAN and Pacific Islands Forum, and Governments of the Philippines and Australia. By looking back at the dilemmas of gender equality policymaking and their paradoxical effects in conflict and post-conflict situations, the book also looks forward to the third decade of the WPS agenda and the long-term impact of the agenda on the political struggle for gender equality in peace and security.