Mandating Identity

Based on the author's thesis (doctoral)--European University Institute, 2006.

One of the major questions facing the world today is the role of law in shaping identity and in balancing tradition with modernity. In an arid corner of the Mediterranean region in the first decades of the twentieth century, Mandate Palestine was confronting these very issues. Assaf Likhovski examines the legal history of Palestine, showing how law and identity interacted in a complex colonial society in which British rulers and Jewish and Arab subjects lived together. Law in Mandate Palestine was not merely an instrument of power or a method of solving individual disputes, says Likhovski. It was also a way of answering the question, "Who are we?" British officials, Jewish lawyers, and Arab scholars all turned to the law in their search for their identities, and all used it to create and disseminate a hybrid culture in which Western and non-Western norms existed simultaneously. Uncovering a rich arsenal of legal distinctions, notions, and doctrines used by lawyers to mediate between different identities, Likhovski provides a comprehensive account of the relationship between law and identity. His analysis suggests a new approach to both the legal history of Mandate Palestine and colonial societies in general.

What do drivers' licenses that function as national ID cards, nationwide standardized tests for third graders, the late unlamented 55 mile per hour speed limit, the outlawing of the eighteen-year-old beer drinker, and the disappearing mechanical lever voting machine have in common? Each is the product of an unfunded federal mandate: a concept that politicians of both parties profess to oppose in theory but which in practice they often find irresistible as a means of forcing state and local governments to do their bidding, while paying for the privilege.Mandate Madness explores the history, debate, and political gamesmanship surrounding unfunded federal mandates, concentrating on several of the most controversial and colorful of these laws. The cases hold lessons for those who would challenge current or future unfunded federal mandates. James T. Bennett also examines legislative efforts to rein in or repeal unfunded federal mandates. Finally, he reviews the treatment of unfunded mandates by the federal courts. Those who find wisdom in America's traditional federalist political arrangement maintain?perhaps with more wishfulness than realism?that the unfunded federal mandate has not yet joined death and taxes as an immovable part of the modern political landscape.

The second edition of Making Mandated Addiction Treatment Work integrates cutting edge research with evidence-based addiction treatments to create a unified and effective treatment model for mental health professionals and those in training. Because the largest and fastest growing segment of the community-based addiction treatment population includes those who are mandated, Barbara C. Wallace provides insightful best practices for tailoring addiction treatment to diverse and challenging clients, including those who may have a history of trauma or mental disorders, different levels of motivation, and a high risk of relapse. Applicable in a variety of treatment settings in both urban and rural communities, this text weaves together new research and vivid case studies into a concise and practical resource. This book is ideal for practitioners and students of public health, criminal justice, and social welfare services.

The First United Nations Mandate on Minority Issues describes the challenges in shaping a new mechanism for the UN’s protection of minority rights and contains reports on the plight of minorities in countries around the world.

Twenty some years ago most people did not know about Gender Identity Theory. There has been a unified strategy launched in most Western countries to teach Gender/Gender Identity Theory, in school. Surprisingly the facts are that the majority of people seeking Gender Affirming Care are teenage girls, who discover usually while in school, that they are in the wrong body/transgender. The side effect of Gender Affirming Care/the recommended treatment is that most who receive it are sterilized, cannot have biological children. Why would any government want young people to believe in Gender Identity Theory? This book gives the answer, and the answer is fully supported by the facts included in the book. Beyond the emotional cry for transgender rights, is the truth, and this book reveals the facts and the truth!

In the context of the harmonisation of European contract law this is a hot topic: The new volume of the Principles of European Law deals with mandate contracts, i.e. contracts whereby an agent concludes a contract with a third party for the benefit of a principal. The Principles of European Law on Mandate Contracts do not only mirror the provisions on these contracts in the Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR), but also contain a more comprehensive explanation of these provisions. Moreover, they provide details on the functioning of mandate contracts in the laws of the Member States. Thus, the principles are conducive to advance the process of Europeanisation of private law.

In this volume, Brownson sheds new light on Palestinian Muslim women’s agency in shari‘a courts from the British Mandate period to the present. Her extensive archival research on wife-initiated maintenance claims, divorce, and child custody cases deepens our understanding of women’s position in the courts, demonstrating that Muslim women were and are active participants in their legal affairs. Using court registers and interviews, Brownson uncovers a variety of ways women have manipulated the system to their benefit despite its patriarchal bias. She also finds that few reforms were implemented during the Mandate period. The British were uninterested in improving colonized women’s legal status and sought to avoid further antagonizing Palestinians. At the same time, Palestinians wished to uphold the one indigenous institution they still controlled while both British rule and Zionism threatened their nationalist aspirations. Although Palestinian women have had few alternatives to using this male privileged system to redress grievances with their husbands and in-laws, they continue to resist its injustices every day. Brownson finds that women’s understanding of family law fundamentals has enabled some to deftly navigate the system; however, a unified, reformed law reflecting society's current needs is required so women can have full access to their rights.