Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Cultivation And Uses

Aroma has played a vital role, directly as well as indirectly, in the life of human beings since its appearance on the earth as a result of evolution. India, Egypt and Persia were amongst the first countries to have conceived the process of distillation of essential oils. Aromatic plants have essential or aromatic oils naturally occurring in them. They help heal mental ailments and other diseases. India is endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants. Aromatic (Aroma Producing) plants are those plants which produce a certain type of aroma. Their aroma is due to the presence of some kind of essential oil with chemical constituents that contain at least one benzene ring in the their chemical configuration. These plants have made a good contribution to the development of ancient Indian material medica. In recent years, there has been a tremendous growth of interest in plant based drugs, pharmaceuticals, perfumery products, cosmetics and aroma compounds used in food flavors and fragrances and natural colors in the world. The chemical nature of these aromatic substances may be due to a variety of complex chemical compounds. There is a definite trend to adopt plant based products due to the cumulative derogatory effects resulting from the use of antibiotic and synthetics and except for a few cultivated crops, the availability of plant based material is mainly from the natural sources like forests and wastelands. There is a need to introduce these crops into the cropping system of the county, which, besides meeting the demands of the industry, will also help to maintain the standards on quality, potency and chemical composition. During the past decade, demand for aromatic plants and its products has attracted the worldwide interest, India being the treasure house of biodiversity, accounts for thousands of species which are used in herbal drugs. 90% of herbal industry requirement of raw material is taken out from the forests. This book basically deals with cultivation of matricaria chamomilla, present agro production technology status of celery, cultivation of ocimum gratissimum linn. var clocimum, the production and perfume potential of jasminum collections, chemical modification of turmeric oil to more value added products, biologically active compounds from turpentine oil, folk medicinal uses of indigenous aromatic plants in nepal , traditional uses of selected aromatic plants of bhutan and their cultivation prospects, blending aspects of perfumes with turpentine constituents, the chemistry of mint flavour, essential oils of cinnamomum species, citral containing cymbopogon species etc. The aim of publishing this book is to provide multidisciplinary information on aromatic plants. The book covers method of cultivation and utilization of various aromatic plants. This is very useful book for farmers, technocrats, agriculture universities, libraries, new entrepreneurs etc.

Most Of The Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Are Indigenous While The Others Are Easily Adaptable And Offer Best Opportunity For Introduction In The Present Agricultural System. These Plants Contain Active Constituents Like Mucilages, Phenols, Anthroquinones, Tannins, Coumarins, Anthocyanins, Flavonoids, Glycosilinates, Saponins, Volatile Oils, Glycocides, Alkaloids, Vitamins And Minerals Etc., But Systematic Researches Are Required To Understand The Mode Of Action Of These Active Ingredients In The Body And To Standardize Their Consumable Doses. The Book Covers More Than Seventy Beneficial Medicinal And Aromatic Plants Of The Country. Several Of These Are Popular Ayurvedic Medicines. Ashwagandha, Kalmegh, Konch, Shatavar Are Some Of These Plants. Some Of The Described Plants Like Neem, Babul, Pyrethrum Are Known For Their Insecticidal/Germicidal Properties. Aroma Of Some Plants Are Used In Cosmetic, Food And Brewing Industries. Jatropha Is Gaining Importance As Bio-Diesel And Some Of The Other Plants, Valued For Industrial Purpose Are Also Included. There Is An Ample Scope For Commercial Cultivation Of Most Of These Plants. Export Of Some Of These Plants Is Progressive And Earns A Great Deal Of Foreign Exchange For The Country. The Chapters Included In This Book Have A Precise Introduction Of Each Plant, Its Identification, Botanical Characters, Advanced Practices For Cultivation With Latest Available Varieties/Cultures Of Plants. Chemical Constituents With Medicinal Principle And Therapeutic Significance Of Each Plant Is Described. The Economics For Cultivation Is Also Given For Each Plant. The Book Will Benefit The Readers, Cultivators, Medical Practitioners, Students, Botanists, Entrepreneurs And The Farmers.

Aromatic plants have essential or aromatic oils naturally occurring in them. They help heal mental ailments and other diseases. India is endowed with a rich wealth of medicinal plants. Aromatic (Aroma Producing) plants are those plants which produce a certain type of aroma. Their aroma is due to the presence of some kind of essential oil with chemical constituents that contain at least one benzene ring in the their chemical configuration. The chemical nature of these aromatic substances may be due to a variety of complex chemical compounds. These plants have made a good contribution to the development of ancient Indian material medica. In recent years, there has been a tremendous growth of interest in plant based drugs, pharmaceuticals, perfumery products, cosmetics and aroma compounds used in food flavors and fragrances and natural colors in the world. There is a definite trend to adopt plant based products due to the cumulative derogatory effects resulting from the use of antibiotic and synthetics and except for a few cultivated crops, the availability of plant based material is mainly from the natural sources like forests and wastelands. There is a need to introduce these crops into the cropping system of the county, which, besides meeting the demands of the industry, will also help to maintain the standards on quality, potency and chemical composition. During the past decade, demand for aromatic plants and its products has attracted the worldwide interest, India being the treasure house of biodiversity, accounts for thousands of species which are used in herbal drugs. 90% of herbal industry requirement of raw material is taken out from the forests. Some fundamentals of this book are botanical description of the plant, genetic improvement , harvesting, intercropping, transplantation, irrigation and weeding, vanilla cultivation in India, commercial cultivation of vanilla, distillation of herbage for essential oil, effect of growth hormones, jasmine crop improvement & agrotechniques, efforts for new variety of jasminum auriculatum , essential oils of agarwood, cinnamomum tamala leaves, eucalyptus citriodora and caultheria pragrantissima, past and future of sandal wood oil industry, by product development from turmeric and ginger rhizomes, isolation of essential oils and its flavour profile etc. This book contains most of the important aspects related to aromatic plants. It is being published for those who are interested in growing, processing and trading of aromatic plants.

This book presents the opinions of an international panel of specialists that explored the agricultural, commercial, ecological, legal, pharmacological and social future of medicinal and aromatic plants. It represents a wide collection of views, reflecting the diversity of disciplines and interests of the panel members. It highlights the necessity of continued and integrated research on plant sources, conservation, bioactivity, analysis and marketing in examining future scenarios for application and sale of medicinal and aromatic plants. It shows the need for proof of efficacy and safety in drug development and the need to recognize societies contributing plant materials. The development of safe and effective medicinal and aromatic plant products depends upon the collaborative efforts of growers, collectors, conservationists, processors and businesses along with those of educators, sociologists, researchers and investors in developed and developing societies.

Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) have accompanied mankind from its very early beginnings. Their utilization has co-evolved with homo sapiens itself bringing about a profound increase in our scientific knowledge of these species enabling them to be used in many facets of our life (e.g. pharmaceutical products, feed- and food additives, cosmetics, etc.). Remarkably, despite the new renaissance of MAPs usage, ca. 80 % of the world’s population is relying on natural substances of plant origin, with most of these botanicals sourced from the wild state. This first volume and ultimately the series, provides readers with a wealth of information on medicinal and aromatic plants.

Mladenka Pestorić, Ph.D., Bojana Filipčev, Ph.D., Aleksandra Mian, Ph.D., Olivera imurina, Ph.D. explore modern traditional and genomic breeding methods as they apply to medicinal and aromatic plants. They go on to discuss participatory crop breeding, the significance of genomic tools, and traditional methods of selection throughout Chapter One. In Chapter Two, Jelena Vladica, Senka Vidovica, Milica Acimovicb, Aleksandra Gavarica, and Stela Jokicc discuss the properties and uses of medicinal herbs, especially Satureja montana L, noting the way its chemical composition has large inconsistencies that make it difficult to produce products from it. Next, Senka Vidovic, Katarina Savikin, Milica Acimovic, Jelena Vladic, Nada Cujic, Aleksandra Gavaric, and Teodora Jankovic present insight on Aronia (also known as chokeberry) in Chapter Three, mainly deliberating on its cultivation, phytochemical properties, health effects and applications, and challenges of use. Similary, Aleksandra Gavarica, Stela Jokicb, Maja Molnarb, Senka Vidovica, Jelena Vladica, and Milica Acimovicc present a review on Helichrysum in Chapter Four. Chapter Five by Maria Andreza Freitas Martins, Melise Pessôa Araújo, and Jesus Rodrigues Lemos offers a study intending to identify the diversity of native and exotic vegetables in Baixa da Carnaúba backyards in Parnaíba, PI. In Chapter Six, Mladenka Pestorić, Ph.D., Bojana Filipčev, Ph.D., Aleksandra Mian, Ph.D., and Olivera imurina, Ph.D. discuss the propensity for medicinal plants to be used in cereal based product production to combat metabolic disorders. Following this, Chapter Seven by Jorge Izaquiel Alves de Siqueira, Edna Maria Ferreira Chaves, and Jesus Rodrigues Lemos introduce a study aiming to detect medicinal plants in agroforestry yards in Franco, Cocal, Piauí. Usman Ali Ashfaq and Quratul ain Tariq provide an overview of the gram positive aerobic bacterium Staphylococcus in Chapter Eight. Lastly, Chapter Nine by Anuradha Singh and Anamika Singh elaborates on the biochemical aspects of Tulsi, a medicinal plant worshipped in India as holy.