Meeting The Demands Of Reason

The Soviet physicist, dissident, and human rights activist Andrei Sakharov (1921–1989) was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1975. The first Russian to have been so recognized, Sakharov in his Nobel lecture held that humanity had a "sacred endeavor" to create a life worthy of its potential, that "we must make good the demands of reason," by confronting the dangers threatening the world, both then and now: nuclear annihilation, famine, pollution, and the denial of human rights.Meeting the Demands of Reason provides a comprehensive account of Sakharov's life and intellectual development, focusing on his political thought and the effect his ideas had on Soviet society. Jay Bergman places Sakharov's dissidence squarely within the ethical legacy of the nineteenth-century Russian intelligentsia, inculcated by his father and other family members from an early age.In 1948, one year after receiving his doctoral candidate's degree in physics, Sakharov began work on the Soviet hydrogen bomb and later received both the Stalin and the Lenin prizes for his efforts. Although as a nuclear physicist he had firsthand experience of honors and privileges inaccessible to ordinary citizens, Sakharov became critical of certain policies of the Soviet government in the late 1950s. He never renounced his work on nuclear weaponry, but eventually grew concerned about the environmental consequences of testing and feared unrestrained nuclear proliferation.Bergman shows that these issues led Sakharov to see the connection between his work in science and his responsibilities to the political life of his country. In the late 1960s, Sakharov began to condemn the Soviet system as a whole in the name of universal human rights. By the 1970s, he had become, with Alexander Solzhenitsyn, the most recognized Soviet dissident in the West, which afforded him a measure of protection from the authorities. In 1980, however, he was exiled to the closed city of Gorky for protesting the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. In 1986, the new Gorbachev regime allowed him to return to Moscow, where he played a central role as both supporter and critic in the years of perestroika.Two years after Sakharov's death, the Soviet Union collapsed, and in the courageous example of his unyielding commitment to human rights, skillfully recounted by Bergman, Sakharov remains an enduring inspiration for all those who would tell truth to power.

Critical Infrastructure: Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness, Fifth Edition represents a continuation of research and recommendations from the past editions that spans nearly twenty years of focusing on critical infrastructure (CI) protection. Over that time, the operating, threat, and technical environments have changed drastically. The doctrines that have guided practitioners across various domains have also evolved due to changing demands. This is a natural result when doctrines collide and gradually evolve toward, and coalesce into, a singular understanding of an issue. Those who have practiced in this domain have seen these collisions in the past - an example being the convergence of physical security and cyber information and operational) technologies security. It is with this backdrop and understanding of the domain that the authors not only describe the current state of affairs, but also provide a means through which researchers and participants - such as practitioners, students, industry stakeholders, owners, and operators in various government and private CI sectors - can look at trends and changes the in the domain that may not be apparent elsewhere. The authors identify shifts in today’s environment that move the thinking away from simply the robustness of systems to their adaptability and resilience. They outline design processes that, likewise, are evolving away from the simple adoption of best practices to risk-based management and even towards structures based on engineering-driven principles. These changes are not occurring at a unified pace and the differences can result in tensions between certain communities. However, the debate itself is indicative of the critical thinking that is beginning to take hold within each infrastructure domain. Critical Infrastructure, Fifth Edition continues to critically examine the evolving importance of our critical infrastructure to our society - recognizing the underpinning value of cyber technology and how physical infrastructures and delivery models impact and affect people and society.

What makes for a great meeting? As a leader, how can you keep discussions on point and productive? In How to Run a Meeting, Antony Jay argues that too many leaders fail to plan adequately for meetings. In this bestselling article, he defines the characteristics that contribute to success, from keeping formal minutes to acknowledging junior staff first. These guidelines will help you get demonstrably better results from every meeting you run. Since 1922, Harvard Business Review has been a leading source of breakthrough ideas in management practice. The Harvard Business Review Classics series now offers you the opportunity to make these seminal pieces a part of your permanent management library. Each highly readable volume contains a groundbreaking idea that continues to shape best practices and inspire countless managers around the world.

Reasoning is the everyday process that we all use in order to draw conclusions from facts or evidence. To think critically about what you read and hear is a vital skill for everyone, whether you are a student or not. When we are faced with texts, news items or speeches, what is being said is often obscured by the words used and we may be unsure whether our reasoning, or that of others, is in fact sound. By the end of this topical and exercise-based introduction to critical thinking, you will be able to: * identify flaws in arguments * analyse the reasoning in newspaper articles, books or speeches * approach any topic with the ability to reason clearly and to think critically This stimulating new introduction to reasoning will appeal to all those who would like to improve their reasoning skills, whether at work, in class or in the seminar.

First Published in 2002. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.