Microwave Synthesis

The first reports on the application of microwaves in organicsynthesis date back to 1986, but it was not until the recentintroduction of specifically designed and constructed equipment,which countered the safety and reproducibility concerns, thatsynthetic application of microwaves has become established as alaboratory technique. Microwave assisted synthesis is now beingadopted in many industrial and academic laboratories to takeadvantage of the novel chemistry that can be carried out using avariety of organic reaction types. This book demonstrates the underlying principles of microwavedielectric heating and, by reference to a range of organic reactiontypes, it's effective use in synthetic organic chemistry. Toillustrate the impact microwave assisted organic synthesis can haveon chemical research, case studies drawn mainly from thepharmaceutical industry are presented.

For more than a century, heterocycles have played a crucial role in the biological and industrial development of society, becoming one of the most researched areas within organic chemistry. The first chapter of Microwave-Induced Synthesis of Aromatic Heterocycles is based on microwave theory, the latest developments in instrumentation technology, and the various microwave technologies used for synthesis. The remainder of the chapters are divided into two sections. Section A deals with the five-membered heterocycles (pyrazoles, isoxazoles, triazoles, oxadiazoles, thiazoles, imidazoles, oxazoles, oxazolines etc.) and in Section B, various six-membered heterocycles (triazines, benzoxazoles, benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles) are presented. Both sections contain a detailed, recent literature review of microwave assisted synthesis and its applicability to various aromatic heterocyclics.

With the novice user in mind, this beginner's guide explains thebasics behind microwave technology, evaluates available instrumentsand reaction modes, and provides practical hints for everyeventuality. Includes 27 detailed protocols for often-usedreactions. From the contents: 1 Microwave Synthesis - An Introduction 2 Microwave Theory 3 Equipment Review 4 Microwave Processing Techniques 5 Starting With Microwave Chemistry 6 Experimental Protocols 6.1 General Small-Scale Sealed-Vessel Microwave Processing 6.2 Reaction Optimization 6.3 Library Generation 6.4 Reaction Scale-Up 6.5 Special Processing Techniques

We are delighted to present this volume with contributions from some of the most renowned and experienced microwavechemists today. The delivery and introduction of energy has been closely connected with the discovery and investigation of new chemistry. It is with pleasure that we have seen an increased use of microwave irradiation over the years and we hope that this volume will re?ect the current interest in expanding the scopeofmicrowaveapplicationsinbothorganicandmedicinalchemistry. One important explanation behind the growth of microwave-enhanced chemistry has been the introductionof dedicated microwavereactors. As a result of this development we are proud to present a diverse set of - views. Apart fromchapters spanning the scope that is usually associated with microwavemethods, such as heterocyclic chemistry - an intriguing, but fr- tratingly diverse?eld that is excellently presented in one of the reviews - and transition metal-catalyzed reactions, we also present a review on microwa- assisted natural product chemistry, a topic that is of high interest and neither often nor widely covered. A contribution on microwave-accelerated synt- sis of protease inhibitors underlines the usefulness of microwave heating in medicinal chemistryandareview of?uorousmicrowavechemistryhighlights the importance of the combination of high-speed reactions and quick sepa- tions. Two separate chaptersonscaled-up microwavereactionsandgreen and sustainablechemistrygiveanoverviewofaspectsofmicrowavechemistrythat mightbeofgreatuseinbothindustrialandsmall-scaleapplications. We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere gratitude to the contributors of this volume for their valuable time and efforts. We believe that the presented workwill further promotethe use of controlledmicrowave heating in both academia and industry.

1. Introduction to microwave chemistry 11; 2. Solvents 29; 3. Chemical reactions in the presence and absence of solvent 77; 4. Synthetic applications 95; 5. Getting started with microwave synthesis 157; 6. Microwave safety considerations 175; 7. Microwave hardware 181.

Microwave Chemistry has changed the way to work in chemical laboratories and is an established state-of-the-art technology to accelarate and enhance chemical processes. This book not only gives an overview of the technology, its historical development and theoretical background, but also presents its exceptionally broad spectrum of applications. Microwave Chemistry enables graduate students and scientist to learn and apply its methods successfully.

Microwave-assisted Organic Synthesis: One Hundred Reaction Procedures provides readers with a broad overview of microwave assisted Organic Synthesis, enabling students and researchers alike to produce more efficient and high yield syntheses while saving time and resources. The work addresses key problems faced by chemistry laboratories in academia and in industry, that of an ever increasing need for procedures which are low-waste, energy efficient, high yield, occur over a short reaction period, and use environmentally friendly solvents. All these factors play an important role in the development of Green Chemistry methods, and in this, Microwave-assisted Organic Synthesis: One Hundred Reaction Procedures is an excellent resource for any library. Provides a broad overview of microwave enhanced chemistry Extensive references to the source of each procedure, including equipment used, full operating procedure, and associated hazards Includes exercises and worked problems which can support more independent study

The large-scale production of chemicals to meet various societal needs has created environmental pollution, including pollution from byproducts and improper disposal of waste. With the world facing adverse consequences due to this pollution, green chemistry is increasingly being viewed as a means to address this concern. Since most organic syntheses require toxic solvents, more reaction time, and drastic conditions of temperature, conventional methods of organic synthesis are less preferred. Microwave-assisted organic synthesis is considered to be a promising green chemical approach because it reduces reaction time from days or hours to minutes or even seconds, and has many other advantages. It helps reduce side reactions and increase yields, uses fewer solvents or is almost solvent-free, has solid supported reactions, and improves purity. This book’s main focus is microwave-assisted organic synthesis processes, particularly various reactions such as cycloaddition, rearrangement, elimination, substitution, oxidation, reduction, condensation, coupling, polymerization, nanomaterials, synthesis of heterocycles, and industrial applications under microwave irradiation. The time is not far off when this methodology will virtually replace existing and cumbersome methods of organic synthesis.