Modified Nanomaterials For Environmental Applications

This book focuses on the electrochemical and nanostructural properties of new photoanode/electrolyte combinations used in the development of novel surface-modified nanomaterials for environmental applications. As water treatment is rapidly becoming a global challenge due to the increasing complexity and number of the various pollutants present, the book explores fundamental issues relating to environmental applications of nanomaterials. It addresses relevant topics ranging from electrochemical synthesis and characterization, to applications of photoanodes in corrosion prevention and biosensors for wastewater treatment. Featuring up-to-date experimental results on nanomaterials for detection of pharmaceuticals and heavy metals in wastewater, this contributed volume is useful to electrochemical researchers, materials scientists, and chemical and civil engineers interested in advanced photoelectrochemical research for environmental applications.

Nanomaterials for Environmental Applications offers a comprehensive review of the latest advances in nanomaterials-based technologies for the treatment of emerging contaminants in wastewater. It describes the latest developments in the synthesis protocols, including the synthesis of different kinds of nanostructure materials using various physical and chemical methods. Features Discusses the synthesis and characterization of important nanomaterials such as carbon nanostructures, metal and metal oxide nanostructures, polymer nanostructures, and smart 1D-–3D nanomaterials Presents the latest techniques used in the characterization of nanomaterials Covers environmental applications including the remediation of pollutants in wastewater and water purification and disinfection Examines the sources, fate, transport, and ecotoxicology of nanomaterials in the environment. Aimed at researchers and industry professionals, this work will be of interest to chemical, environmental, and materials engineers concerned with the application of advanced materials for environmental and water remediation. Mohamed Abou El-Fetouh Barakat is a Professor of Environmental Sciences at both King Abdulaziz University (KAU)- Saudi Arabia, and Central Metallurgical R&D Institute (CMRDI)- Egypt. He is highly qualified in the fields of industrial waste management and pollution control as well as catalysis and nanotechnology. His experience includes academic research works in Japan, Germany, the United States and Saudi Arabia, as well as initiating and leading industrial research projects in Egypt jointly with the United States. Rajeev Kumar is an Associate Professor in the Environmental Science Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. His research activities are in the areas of wastewater treatment and materials science. He studies the adsorption and photocatalytic properties of nanomaterials for the removal of contaminants from wastewater.

Surface Modified Nanomaterials for Applications in Catalysis: Fundamentals, Methods and Applications provides an overview of the different state-of-the-art surface modification methods of nanomaterials and their commercial applications. The main objective of this book is to comprehensively cover the modification of nanomaterial and their fabrication, including different techniques and discussions of present and emerging commercial applications. The book addresses fundamental chemistry concepts as applied to the modification of nanomaterials for applications in energy, catalysis, water remediation, sensors, and more. Characterization and fabrication methodologies are reviewed, along with the challenges of up-scaling of processes for commercial applications. This book is suitable for academics and practitioners working in materials science, engineering, nanotechnology, green chemistry and chemical engineering. Provides an overview of the basic principles of surface modification of nanomaterials Reviews useful fabrication and characterization methodologies for key applications Addresses surface modified nanomaterials for applications in catalysis, energy, sensor, environment, and more

Environmental devices help in monitoring the collection of one or more measurements that are used to access the status of an environment. Today, environmental monitoring and analytical methods are among the most rapidly developing branches of analysis. The functionalization of nanomaterials in the field of environmental science has increasing importance with regards to the fabrication of devices. Functionalized nanomaterials reformulate new materials and advanced characteristics for improved application in comparison to old fashion materials and open an opportunity for the development of devices for introducing new technology and techniques for monitoring environmental challenges. The monitoring of these environmental challenges in advances have direct impact on health and sustainability. Functionalized nanomaterials have different mechanical, absorption, optical or electrical properties than original nanomaterials. In fact, major utilization of nanomaterials occurs in their functionalized forms, which are very different from the parent material. This handbook provides an overview of the different state-of-the-art materials, devices and environmental applications of functionalized nanomaterials. In addition, the information offers a platform for ongoing research in the field of environmental science and device fabrication. The main objective of this book is to cover the major areas focusing on the functionalization of nanomaterials, device fabrication along with different techniques and environmental applications of functionalized nanomaterials-based devices. This is an important reference source for materials scientists, engineers and environmental scientsts who are looking to increase their understanding of how functionalized nanomaterial-based devices are being used for environmental monitoring applications. Helps the reader to understand the basic principles of functionalization of nanomaterials Highlights fabrication and characterization methods for functionalized nanomaterials-based environmental monitoring devices Assesses the major challenges of creating devices using functionalized nanomaterials on a mass scale

This book is concerned with functional nanomaterials, materials containing specific, predictable nanostructures whose chemical composition, or interfacial structure enables them to perform a specific job: to destroy, sequester, or detect some material that constitutes an environmental threat. Nanomaterials have a number of features that make them ideally suited for this job: they have a high surface area, high reactivity, easy dispersability, and rapid diffusion,to name a few. The purpose of this book is to showcase how these features can be tailored to address some of the environmental remediation and sensing/detection problems faced by mankind today. A number of leading researchers have contributed to this volume, painting a picture of diverse synthetic strategies, structures, materials, and methods. The intent of this book is to showcase the current state of environmental nanomaterials in such a way as to be useful either as a research resource, or as a graduate level textbook. We have organized this book into sections on nanoparticle-based remediation strategies, nanostructured inorganic materials (e.g. layered materials like the apatites), nanostructured organic/inorganic hybrid materials, and the use of nanomaterials to enhance the performance of sensors.

This book is concerned with functional nanomaterials, materials containing specific, predictable nanostructures whose chemical composition, or interfacial structure enables them to perform a specific job: to destroy, sequester, or detect some material that constitutes an environmental threat. Nanomaterials have a number of features that make them ideally suited for this job: they have a high surface area, high reactivity, easy dispersability, and rapid diffusion, to name a few. The purpose of this book is to showcase how these features can be tailored to address some of the environmental remediation and sensing/detection problems faced by mankind today. A number of leading researchers have contributed to this volume, painting a picture of diverse synthetic strategies, structures, materials, and methods. The intent of this book is to showcase the current state of environmental nanomaterials in such a way as to be useful both as a research resource and as a graduate level textbook. We have organized this book into sections on nanoparticle-based remediation strategies, nanostructured inorganic materials (e.g. layered materials like the apatites), nanostructured organic/inorganic hybrid materials, and the use of nanomaterials to enhance the performance of sensors. Contents:Nanoparticle-based Approaches:Nanoparticle Metal Oxides for Chlorocarbon and Organophosphonate Remediation (Olga B Koper, Shyamala Rajagopalan, Slawomir Winecki and Kenneth J Klabunde)Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) for Site Remediation (Daniel W Elliott, Hsing-Lung Lien and Wei-xian Zhang)Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles (Donald R Baer, Paul G Tratnyek, You Qiang, James E Amonette, John Linehan, Vaishnavi Sarathy, James T Nurmi, Chongmin Wang and J Antony)Nanostructured Inorganic Materials:Formation of Nanosized Apatite Crystals in Sediment for Containment and Stabilization of Contaminants (Robert C Moore, Jim Szecsody, Michael J Truex, Katheryn B Helean, Ranko Bontchev and Calvin Ainsworth)Functionalized Nanoporous Sorbents for Adsorption of Radioiodine from Groundwater and Waste Glass Leachates (Shas V Mattigod, Glen E Fryxell and Kent E Parker)Nanoporous Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Materials:Nature's Nanoparticles: Group IV Phosphonates (Abraham Clearfield)Twenty-five Years of Nuclear Waste Remediation Studies (Abraham Clearfield)Synthesis of Nanostructured Hybrid Sorbent Materials Using Organosilane Self-assembly on Mesoporous Ceramic Oxides (Glen E Fryxell)Chemically Modified Mesoporous Silicas and Organosilicas for Adsorption and Detection of Heavy Metal Ions (Oksana Olkhovyk and Mietek Jaroniec)Hierarchically Imprinted Adsorbents (Hyunjung Kim, Chengdu Liang and Sheng Dai)Functionalization of Periodic Mesoporous Silica and Its Application to the Adsorption of Toxic Anions (Hideaki Yoshitake)Layered Semi-crystalline Polysilsesquioxane: A Mesostructured and Stoichiometric Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Solid for the Removal of Environmentally Hazardous Ions (Hideaki Yoshitake)A Thiol-functionalized Nanoporous Silica Sorbent for Removal of Mercury from Actual Industrial Waste (Shas V Mattigod, Glen E Fryxell and Kent E Parker)Functionalized Nanoporous Silica for Oral Chelation Therapy of a Broad Range of Radionuclides (Wassana Yantasee, Wilaiwan Chouyyok, Robert J Wiacek, Jeffrey A Creim, R Shane Addleman, Glen E Fryxell and Charles Timchalk)Amine-functionalized Nanoporous Materials for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture (Feng Zheng, R Shane Addleman, Christopher L Aardahl, Glen E Fryxell, Daryl R Brown and Thomas S Zemanian)Carbon Dioxide Capture from Post-combustion Streams Using Amine-functionalized Nanoporous Materials (Rodrigo Serna-Guerrero and Abdelhamid Sayari)Nanomaterials that Enhance Sensing/Detection of Environmental Contaminants:Nanostructured ZnO Gas Sensors (Huamei Shang and Guozhong Cao)Synthesis and Properties of Mesoporous-based Materials for Environmental Applications (Jianlin Shi, Hangrong Chen, Zile Hua and Lingxia Zhang)Electrochemical Sensors Based on Nanomaterials for Environmental Monitoring (Wassana Yantasee, Yuehe Lin and Glen E Fryxell)Nanomaterial-based Environmental Sensors (Dosi Dosev, Mikaela Nichkova and Ian M Kennedy)Carbon Nanotube- and Graphene-based Sensors for Environmental Applications (Dan Du)One-dimensional Hollow Oxide Nanostructures: A Highly Sensitive Gas-sensing Platform (Jong-Heun Lee)Preparation and Electrochemical Application of Titania Nanotube Arrays (Peng Xiao, Guozhong Cao and Yunhuai Zhang) Readership: Graduate students and researchers in nanomaterials and nanostructures. Keywords:Nanomaterials;Nanoporous Sorbents;Chemical Separations;Environmental Clean-Up;Heavy Metals;Radionuclides;Nanoparticles;SensorsKey Features:The materials and methods described herein offer exciting new possibilities in the remediation and/or detection of a wide variety of environmental concerns, including chemical warfare agents, dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), heavy metals, radionuclides, biological threats, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and more. The approaches described run the gamut from laboratory design and synthesis of the nanomaterial, to final application/deployment of the technology to clean up hazardous wasteThe contributing authors are leading experts in the field of environmental nanomaterialsStrategies cover a wide variety of chemistries and structural morphologies, including nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanoporous materials, thereby providing a valuable overview of the state-of-the-art

Functional and structural nanomaterials are emerging materials that display interesting physical and chemical properties because of their size and surface area to volume ratio. Applications for these materials include uses in removing pollutants from the environment. Looking at the current state-of-the-art as well as future trends in the use of nanomaterials for tackling environmental issues this book covers everything from the synthesis and characterisation of these materials to their use in the removal of specific contaminants. Functional Hybrid Nanomaterials for Environmental Remediation is a useful resource both for nanomaterial scientists interested in the real world application of hybrid nanomaterials and for environmental chemists and environmental engineers interested in novel materials for environmental remediation.

This book provides a comprehensive overview on the most important types of nanosensor platforms explored and developed in the recent years for efficient detection of environmental/clinical analytes. The chapters cover basic aspects of functioning principles and describe the technologies and challenges of present and future pesticide, metal ions, toxic gases analytical sensing approaches and environmental sensors. Nanosensors are nanoscale miniature devices used for sensing of analyte in ultra-low range. These have gained considerable interest in environmental applications such as environmental chemistry and functionalization approaches, environmental engineering, sustainability, green technology for sensing, environmental health monitoring, pesticide detection, metal and ions detection using electrochemical and wireless sensor.