Molecular Nanostructures Proceedings Of The International Winterschool On Electronic Properties Of Novel Materials

This volume is the latest of the “Kirchberg-Proceedings”. The previous 11 International Winterschools on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials, all held in Kirchberg, Austria, were devoted to conducting polymers, high temperature superconductors, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. Fullerenes and nanotubes are still in the center of interest, but the topic of the school and the proceedings is molecular nanostructures in general. The organizers have attempted to treat carbon nanostructures as a special case of molecular nanostructures, which also include silicon clusters, gold clusters, vanadium oxide tubes, and many others. The Winterschool provides a platform for reviewing and discussing new developments in the field of molecular nanostructures and their applications. Materials discussed include fullerenes, fullerene-derived structures, carbonaceous nanotubes, non-carbonaceous nanotubes, layer by layer systems, molecular clusters, new phases of carbon, endohedral compounds and related materials. The book aims to give an overview of the current status of fullerenes, carbon-nanotubes and related molecular nanostructures. The majority of the contributions present the latest results of experiments and calculations conducted in the field. However, about a dozen contain some degree of instructional material which even newcomers will benefit from.

During the last ten years, the International Winterschools on Electronic Properties of New Materials (IWEPNM) have developed into a well-established institution and the alumni form a very active interdisciplinary community which spreads all over the world. Past schools of this series have treated such topics as conducting polymers and high temperature superconductors. The present volume contains the proceedings of the fourth school on fullerenes and fullerene derivatives. Soccer-ball molecules, like C₆₀, C₇₀, etc., have been discovered in the late 1980's and are now regarded as the third allotrope of carbon (in addition to the classic allotropes graphite and diamond). By now, more than ten thousand original papers on fullerene have been published, and the present proceedings give a snap-shot of the development of the field and the state of the art, as reflected by research papers, overviews, and tutorial lectures. Highlights are contributions on fullerene polymers, magnetic properties of fullerene complexes, endohedral compounds, fullerenes with incorporated heteroatoms, and on fullerene nanotubes (single-walled, multi-walled, with open cores or metal-filled), as well as prospects of technological applications (field emission electron guns for flat video displays, fullerene plasma for vapour deposited diamond and SiC film, etc.).

The proceedings of the XIV International Winterschool on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials provides a platform for new developments in the field of molecular nanostructures and their applications. Topics included are: fullerenes and fullerides, fullerene polymers, endohedrals, nanotube preparation, nanotube characterization, as well as transport, doping and electronic properties of nanotubes and other molecular materials and applications.

Lynn Margulis, one of the most provocative scientific thinkers of our time, and her son, the writer Dorion Sagan, here present a selection from their many essays published in the last decade and a half. Margulis's scientific contributions are legendary. Her proposal that eukaryotic cells (the cells of all multicellular animals and plants) are made up of symbiotic unions of more primitive cells was at first widely derided but is now mainstream science. She has described the previously unrecognized role microbial life plays in the maintenance of all life on earth. And she is, with James Lovelock, one of the founders of Gaia theory. In these essays, perhaps better than in any of her other books, one can see how these apparently unrelated interests combine into a single, coherent scientific world-view about the natural tendency of living systems to form complex interactive communities. This is Margulis and Sagan's fifth book together. Their most recent previous collaboration is entitled What Is Sex?

The Winterschool provides a platform for reviewing and discussing new developments in the field of structural, electronic, and mechanical properties of molecular nanostructures and their applications. Subjects included are: carbon nanotubes, mechanical and electrical properties; carbon nanotubes; structure and functionalization; fullerenes and fullerene derivatives; molecular clusters; polymeric carbon phases; single molecule experiments; chemistry of molecular nanostructures; application of molecular nanostructures; layer-by-layer systems and hybrid materials; biological nanostructures; and molecular machines.

All papers were peer-reviewed. The 19th Winterschool focused mainly on new nanostructured materials, with data presented on functionalized fullerenes and carbon nanotubes, filled and double-wall nanotubes, non-carbon nanotubes, such as BN and MoS2 tubes, and other nanostructures. The direction of nanoelectronics research was explored in depth, and advancements in composite technology and novel applications for nanotubes were discussed. Importantly, participants were updated on the theoretical and experimental determinations of structural and electronic properties as well as on characterization methods for molecular nanostructures.