Multimodal Electronic Textiles For Intelligent Human Machine Interfaces

Smart wearable electronic devices capable of information exchanging (such as human-machine interfaces) have developed into key carriers for the interconnection, intercommunication, and interaction between humans and machines. Multimodal electronic textiles that incorporate multifunctional sensors into daily clothing are an emerging technology to realize smart wearable electronics. This has greatly advanced human-machine interface technology by bridging the gap between wearing comfort and traditional wearable electronic devices, which will facilitate the rapid development and wide application of natural human-machine interfaces. In this article, we provide a comprehensive summary of the latest research progress on multimodal electronic textiles for intelligent human-machine interfaces. Firstly, we introduce the most representative electronic textile manufacturing strategies in terms of functional fiber preparation and multimodal textile forming. Then, we explore the multifunctional sensing capability of multimodal electronic textiles and emphasize their advanced applications in intelligent human-machine interfaces. Finally, we present new insights on the future research directions and the challenges faced in practical applications of multimodal electronic textiles.

With the advance of speech, image and video technology, human–computer interaction (HCI) will reach a new phase. In recent years, HCI has been extended to human–machine communication (HMC) and the perceptual user interface (PUI). The final goal in HMC is that the communication between humans and machines is similar to human-to-human communication. Moreover, the machine can support human-to-human communication (e.g. an interface for the disabled). For this reason, various aspects of human communication are to be considered in HMC. The HMC interface, called a multimodal interface, includes different types of input methods, such as natural language, gestures, face and handwriting characters. The nine papers in this book have been selected from the 92 high-quality papers constituting the proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Multimodal Interface (ICMI '99), which was held in Hong Kong in 1999. The papers cover a wide spectrum of the multimodal interface. Contents:Introduction to Multimodal Interface for Human–Machine Communication (P C Yuen et al.)Algorithms:A Face Location and Recognition System Based on Tangent Distance (R Mariani)Recognizing Action Units for Facial Expression Analysis (Y-L Tian et al.)View Synthesis Under Perspective Projection (G C Feng et al.)Single Modality Systems:Sign Language Recognition (W Gao & C Wang)Helping Designers Create Recognition-Enabled Interfaces (A C Long et al.)Information Retrieval:Cross-Language Text Retrieval by Query Translation Using Term Re-Weighting (I Kang et al.)Direct Feature Extraction in DCT Domain and Its Applications in Online Web Image Retrieval for JPEG Compressed Images (G Feng et al.)Multimodality Systems:Advances in the Robust Processing of Multimodal Speech and Pen Systems (S Oviatt)Information-Theoretic Fusion for Multimodal Interfaces (J W Fisher III & T Darrell)Using Virtual Humans for Multimodal Communication in Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality (D Thalmann) Readership: Computer scientists and engineers. Keywords:

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The Handbook of Multimodal-Multisensor Interfaces provides the first authoritative resource on what has become the dominant paradigm for new computer interfaces-user input involving new media (speech, multi-touch, hand and body gestures, facial expressions, writing) embedded in multimodal-multisensor interfaces. This three-volume handbook is written by international experts and pioneers in the field. It provides a textbook, reference, and technology roadmap for professionals working in this and related areas. This third volume focuses on state-of-the-art multimodal language and dialogue processing, including semantic integration of modalities. The development of increasingly expressive embodied agents and robots has become an active test bed for coordinating multimodal dialogue input and output, including processing of language and nonverbal communication. In addition, major application areas are featured for commercializing multimodal-multisensor systems, including automotive, robotic, manufacturing, machine translation, banking, communications, and others. These systems rely heavily on software tools, data resources, and international standards to facilitate their development. For insights into the future, emerging multimodal-multisensor technology trends are highlighted in medicine, robotics, interaction with smart spaces, and similar areas. Finally, this volume discusses the societal impact of more widespread adoption of these systems, such as privacy risks and how to mitigate them. The handbook chapters provide a number of walk-through examples of system design and processing, information on practical resources for developing and evaluating new systems, and terminology and tutorial support for mastering this emerging field. In the final section of this volume, experts exchange views on a timely and controversial challenge topic, and how they believe multimodal-multisensor interfaces need to be equipped to most effectively advance human performance during the next decade.

As a natural material, leather has been widely used in daily life due to its high biocompatibility, wearing comfort, and excellent mechanical strength. However, with the increasing demand for a better life among people, the single function of leather has difficulty in meeting the requirements, which limits its application prospects. It is particularly important to develop multifunctional leather composites with diverse characteristics. Therefore, leather can be modified and functionally designed through physical and chemical methods towards intelligent wearable devices. From this perspective, we review the research progress of intelligent leather-based wearable composites, mainly focusing on the preparation methods and application directions in recent years. Finally, we emphasize the challenges that leather composites will face in practical applications and propose future research directions.

In the face of pandemic infectious diseases and increasing aging trends, traditional public health systems lack the capacity for real-time monitoring, immediate clinical detection, continuous vital sign monitoring, and the implementation of long-cycle treatment protocols, among other deficiencies. On the basis of the rapid development of wearable electronic devices, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence, the future healthcare model will transform from a therapeutic, centralized, passive, and even one-size-fits-all treatment to a new paradigm of proactive, preventive, personalized, customized, and intelligent way. The development of wearable electronics has facilitated the evolution of healthcare from healthcare to biological monitoring, enabling continuous monitoring of critical biomarkers for diagnostic treatment, physiological health monitoring, and assessment. Electronic textiles (e-textiles) are among the rapidly developing wearable electronics in recent years. They have revolutionized the functionality of traditional textiles by incorporating smart attributes, enabling unique and multifunctional applications. Significantly, e-textiles have made notable advancements in the field of personalized healthcare. The article introduces several common e-textiles and their applications in personalized medicines, which also gives a forward-looking outlook on their future growth in infectious diseases, real-time health preventive monitoring, auxiliary therapy, and rehabilitation training.

This book describes an innovative approach to the interaction between humans and a smart environment; an attempt to get a smart home to understand intuitive, multi-modal, human-centred communication. State of the art smart homes, like other “smart” technology, tend to demand that the human user must adapt herself to the needs of the system. The hunt for a truly user-centred, truly intuitive system has long proven to be beyond the grasp of current technology. When humans speak with one another, we are multimodal. Our speech is supplemented with gestures, which serve as a parallel stream of information, reinforcing the meaning of our words. Drawing on well-established protocols in engineering and psychology, and with no small amount of inspiration from a particular nonsense poem, we have successfully concluded that hunt. This book describes the efforts, undertaken over several years, to design, implement, and test a model of interaction that allows untrained individuals to intuitively control a complex series of networked and embedded systems. The theoretical concepts are supported by a series of experimental studies, showing the advantages of the novel approach, and pointing towards future work that would facilitate the deployment of this concept in the real world.

Nanotechnology in Electronics Enables readers to understand and apply state-of-the-art concepts surrounding modern nanotechnology in electronics Nanotechnology in Electronics summarizes numerous research accomplishments in the field, covering novel materials for electronic applications (such as graphene, nanowires, and carbon nanotubes) and modern nanoelectronic devices (such as biosensors, optoelectronic devices, flexible electronics, nanoscale batteries, and nanogenerators) that are used in many different fields (such as sensor technology, energy generation, data storage and biomedicine). Edited by four highly qualified researchers and professionals in the field, other specific sample topics covered in Nanotechnology in Electronics include: Graphene-based nanoelectronics biosensors, including the history, properties, and fundamentals of graphene, plus fundamentals of graphene derivatives and the synthesis of graphene Zinc oxide piezoelectronic nanogenerators for low frequency applications, with an introduction to zinc oxide and zinc oxide piezoelectric nanogenerators Investigation of the hot junctionless mosfets, including an overview of the junctionless paradigm and a simulation framework of the hot carrier degradation Conductive nanomaterials for printed/flexible electronics application and metal oxide semiconductors for non-invasive diagnosis of breast cancer The fundamental aspects and applications of multiferroic-based spintronic devices and quartz tuning fork based nanosensors. Containing in-depth information on the topic and written intentionally to help with the practical application of concepts described within, Nanotechnology in Electronics is a must-have reference for materials scientists, electronics engineers, and engineering scientists who wish to understand and harness the state of the art in the field.