Mutual Linguistic Borrowing Between English And Arabic

This book focuses on the lexical borrowing between English and Arabic, and offers historical background regarding the contact between these two languages. It sheds light on why and how both languages have come in contact, showing how the hegemony of the English language can be clearly seen in its impact on Arabic. Simultaneously, the text describes the role that Arabic played in shaping and enriching English in its early phase.

As in any other situation of languages in contact, Arabic spoken in the United States is changing under the influence of English. It has incorporated different linguistic innovations, and interference from English occurs on the various linguistic levels. However, in many cases this interference does not lead to language attrition, but rather to the creation of an ethnic language with special uses understood only by members of the Arab-American community. Developed out of Aleya Rouchdy's own involvement and teaching of Arabic in the United States, this book--the first of its kind--is devoted to the full range of Arabic in America. In Part I contributors discuss borrowing and the changes occurring on the various linguistic levels of Arabic and the social factors that have contributed to these changes. Other chapters in Part I deal with code-switching between English and Arabic. Part II examines the shift toward English and the maintenance of Arabic as well as the attitudes that speakers display toward Arabic. Chapters in Part ill are pedagogical in nature. The essays explore the history of the study of Arabic in the United States and examine methods and materials used in the teaching of Arabic, as well as some of the theoretical and practical implications associated with these different approaches. Primarily for readers with special interest in Arab immigration, settlement, and ethnicity, The Arabic Language in America will also engage the attention of sociologists, social historians, anthropologists, linguists, and sociolinguists, who will find the book relevant for their work.

The largest and most up-to-date collection of English words and multiword units borrowed from the Arabic, directly or indirectly, totalling 2338 items. All major dictionaries in English were surveyed, including new-word collections, and college dictionaries.Each dictionary entry gives the fi rst recorded date of the loan in English, the semantic field, variant forms, etymology, the English definitions, derivative forms, and sometimes grammatical comment. The major sources of each entry are noted, along with the approximate degree of assimilation in English. A substantial part of the book is devoted to nontechnical analytical essays, which treat the forty-six semantic areas so as to embrace all disciplines and throw light on the individual subject. Other essays treat the phonological and linguistic aspects of the data, so as to show how languages in contact interact and ultimately influence each other's culture. This is a wide-ranging, innovational book that advances the study of comprehensive borrowing within languages over the centuries.

This general introduction to the Arabic Language, now available in paperback, places special emphasis on the history and variation of the language. Concentrating on the difference between the two types of Arabic - the Classical standard language and the dialects - Kees Versteegh charts the history and development of the Arabic language from the earliest beginnings to modern times. The reader is offered a solid grounding in the structure of the language, its historical context and its use in various literary and non-literary genres, as well as an understanding of the role of Arabic as a cultural, religious and political world language. Intended as an introductory guide for students of Arabic, it will also be a useful tool for discussions both from a historical linguistic and from a socio-linguistic perspective. Coverage includes all aspects of the history of Arabic, the Arabic linguistic tradition, Arabic dialects and Arabic as a world language. Links are made between linguistic history and cultural history, while the author emphasises the role of contacts between Arabic and other languages. This important book will be an ideal text for all those wishing to acquire an understanding or develop their knowledge of the Arabic language.

The papers in this volume approach the study of Arabic, its structure and use, from different linguistic and sociolinguistic perspectives. The book is divided into three sections: Section I Morphological and Phonological Perspectives; Section II Semantic Perspectives; Section III Sociolinguistic Perspectives.

Arabic-English-Arabic-English Translation: Issues and Strategies is an accessible coursebook for students and practitioners of Arabic-English-Arabic translation. Focusing on the key issues and topics affecting the field, it offers informed guidance on the most effective methods to deal with such problems, enabling users to develop deeper insights and enhance their translation skills. Key features include: A focus on Arabic-English translation in both directions, preparing students for the real-life experiences of practitioners in the field In-depth discussion of the core issues of phraseology, language variation and translation, legal translation and translation technology in Arabic and English translation Authentic sample texts in each chapter, taken from a variety of sources from across the Arabic-speaking world to provide snapshots of real-life language use Source texts followed by examples of possible translation strategies, with extensive commentaries, to showcase the best translation practices and methodologies A range of supporting exercises to enable students to practise their newly acquired knowledge and skills Inclusion of a wide range of themes covering both linguistic and genre issues, offering multidimensional perspectives and depth and breadth in learning List of recommended readings and resources for each of the topics under discussion Comprehensive glossary and bibliography at the back of the book. Lucid and practical in its approach, Arabic-English-Arabic-English Translation: Issues and Strategies will be an indispensable resource for intermediate to advanced students of Arabic. It will also be of great interest to professional translators working in Arabic-English-Arabic translation.

First Published in 1990. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The papers in this volume are a selection from papers presented at the Annual Symposia on Arabic Linguistics, held in 2003 (Alexandria) and 2004 (Oklahoma). They tackle a broad range of issues in current linguistic research, particularly in the areas of phonology, morphology/lexicon, sociolinguistics, and L1 and L2 acquisition. They are distinguished for the depth of coverage and the types of data considered.