Nanofabrication And Biosystems

The book also aims to stimulate innovative, productive interactions among materials scientists, engineers, and biologists, and to explore ways in which materials scientists and engineers can exploit biological principles and biological assemblies to produce new and ever smaller devices.

Timely information on scientific and engineering developments occurring in laboratories around the world provides critical input to maintaining the economic and technological strength of the United States. Moreover, sharing this information quickly with other countries can greatly enhance the productivity of scientists and engineers. These are some of the reasons why the National Science Foundation (NSF) has been involved in funding science and technology assessments comparing the United States and foreign countries since the early 1980s. A substantial number of these studies have been conducted by the World Technology Evaluation Center (WTEC) managed by Loyola College through a cooperative agreement with NSF. The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), Committee on Technology's Interagency Working Group on NanoScience, Engineering and Technology (CT/IWGN) worked with WTEC to develop the scope of this Nanostucture Science and Technology report in an effort to develop a baseline of understanding for how to strategically make Federal nanoscale R&D investments in the coming years. The purpose of the NSTC/WTEC activity is to assess R&D efforts in other countries in specific areas of technology, to compare these efforts and their results to U. S. research in the same areas, and to identify opportunities for international collaboration in precompetitive research. Many U. S. organizations support substantial data gathering and analysis efforts focusing on nations such as Japan. But often the results of these studies are not widely available. At the same time, government and privately sponsored studies that are in the public domain tend to be "input" studies.

This book focuses on the materials, synthetic methods, tools and techniques being developed in the nanoregime towards the life sciences -- in particular biology, biotechnology and medicine. Readers from materials science, engineering, chemistry, biology and medical backgrounds will find detailed accounts of the design and synthesis of nanomaterials and the tools and techniques involved in their production for applications in biology, biotechnology and medicine.

No longer the hidden genius of scientists, nanotechnology is now appearing in products manufactured for everyday life—products that can heal, save lives, be more durable, and last longer. It is also attracting the attention of investors interested in participating in this nano revolution. Nanotechnology: Business Applications and Commercialization is a guide for businesses, investors, and research universities who want to bring nanotechnology products to the commercial market. Showing how academia and business can partner to commercialize nanomaterial research, it delineates business aspects for scientists and highlights opportunities for business professionals. Some of the key topics covered include: Questions to ask before writing a business plan Products consumers are currently using Grant and funding options Standardization that will affect domestic and international production Dangers that must be managed to ensure the safety of nanotechnology Commercialization centers and organizations that provide support Barriers to nanotechnology commercialization Competitive factors that can help bring the international economy more stability Areas where nanotechnology is expanding This timely book outlines how to harness nanotechnology innovations through the application of strong business principles, drive the standards and development, and take the knowledge to the commercial level with business applications. Filled with case studies and useful resources, it helps readers bridge the "valley of death"—the gap period in capital financing that exists between research and the market adoption of new technologies.

Since 2004 and with the 2nd edition in 2006, the Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology has established itself as the definitive reference in the nanoscience and nanotechnology area. It integrates the knowledge from nanofabrication, nanodevices, nanomechanics, Nanotribology, materials science, and reliability engineering in just one volume. Beside the presentation of nanostructures, micro/nanofabrication, and micro/nanodevices, special emphasis is on scanning probe microscopy, nanotribology and nanomechanics, molecularly thick films, industrial applications and microdevice reliability, and on social aspects. In its 3rd edition, the book grew from 8 to 9 parts now including a part with chapters on biomimetics. More information is added to such fields as bionanotechnology, nanorobotics, and (bio)MEMS/NEMS, bio/nanotribology and bio/nanomechanics. The book is organized by an experienced editor with a universal knowledge and written by an international team of over 150 distinguished experts. It addresses mechanical and electrical engineers, materials scientists, physicists and chemists who work either in the nano area or in a field that is or will be influenced by this new key technology.

Inhaltsangabe:Zusammenfassung: Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Technologie und der Märkte auf dem Gebiet der Mikro- und Nanotechnologie zu geben. Mikro- und Nanotechnologie sind aufstrebende neue Technologien, die unsere Gesellschaft in den nächsten Jahren drastisch beeinflussen werden. Mikro- und Nanotechnologie sind definiert als das Erstellen, Verändern und Messen auf einem Niveau kleiner als 100 Nanometer (Molekularebene). Heutige und geplante Auswirkungen und Anwendungen umfassen die folgenden Gebiete: Automobilindustrie, Elektronik und IT-Branche, Umweltschutz, Industrie und Automatisierung, Werkstoffwissenschaften, Chemie, Materialeigenschaften, Medizin und Biomedizin, neue Fabrikationsmethoden, Feinwerktechnik und Optik sowie Telekommunikation. Dieser Bericht geht näher auf die folgenden Themengebiete ein: Forschungs- und Entwicklungserfolge der Vergangenheit sowie Anwendungsgebiete aktueller Mikrotechnologie-Produkte mit einem speziellen Blick auf den Healthcare Markt und Biotechnologie Produkte wie lab on a chip oder Mikroarrays . Es werden neue Fabrikationsmethoden einiger Anwendungen näher betrachtet. Die wichtigsten Marktteilnehmer werden vorgestellt: Universitäten, Firmen, Forschungsanstalten, Organisationen und wichtige Persönlichkeiten. Diese und ihre Arbeitsgebiete werden näher beschrieben. Aktuelle Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekte und die zugehörige Infrastruktur aus verschiedensten Ländern werden näher betrachtet. Zukünftige Anwendungen aus verschiedenen Gebieten der Nanotechnologie, der Folgetechnologie zur Mikrotechnik, werden diskutiert. Diese umfassen: Werkstoffwissenschaften, Medizin und Biotechnologie, Feinwerktechnik, Elektronik und IT, Automatisierungstechnik und neue Fabrikationsmethoden. Ein Überblick über die Investoren für die Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeit wird gegeben. Öffentliche Förderprogramme verschiedener Länder werden genauso betrachtet und untereinander verglichen wie private Unterstützung von Non-Profit Organisationen und Venture Kapital Gesellschaften. Das Potential der Nanotechnologie für die Zukunft wird zusammen mit einem Ausblick auf eine große Zukunft und hohe Wachstumsraten präsentiert. Verschiedene Marktszenarien für die Zukunft werden vorgestellt und diskutiert. Das Ende dieser Arbeit widmet sich dem Rose Hulman Institute of Technology und deren Gründerzentrum Rose Hulman Ventures. Deren Erfahrung und Methoden bei der Unterstützung von [...]

Biomolecules and cells are critical components of biosensors and biomaterials, but in order to function in an artificial environment, they must be immobilized in a manner that does not affect their interaction with target analytes. Biosensors demonstrate that we can harness the incredible functions of living molecules and cells for our own purposes and are therefore at the forefront of technology. Moreover the applications of immobilized biomolecules and cells are expected to expand far beyond biosensor applications and indeed are already used for pharmaceutical production and testing. Biomaterials will become increasing common as they are being developed into toxic filters, artificial organs, and even silicon chips. This book provides a selection of methods for the immobilization of biomolecules and cells on a variety of surface with different geometries and chemistries so that they retain their function and guidelines on which method to use. Also included are the analytical techniques to measure the functionality of immobilized biomolecules. All the protocols have been tried and validated by the authors. Immobilized Biomolecules in Analysis: A Practical Approach is an invaluable guide to all researchers in the fields of biosensors and biomaterials. Research in biosensors is carried out in a wide variety of fields including biochemistry, chemistry, engineering, laboratory medicine, environmental and defence research. The protocols are written so that an extensive prior knowledge of biochemistry is not required to use them.