Nanowire Transistors

A self-contained and up-to-date account of the current developments in the physics and technology of nanowire semiconductor devices.

This book describes the n and p-channel Silicon Nanowire Transistor (SNT) designs with single and dual-work functions, emphasizing low static and dynamic power consumption. The authors describe a process flow for fabrication and generate SPICE models for building various digital and analog circuits. These include an SRAM, a baseband spread spectrum transmitter, a neuron cell and a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform in the digital domain, as well as high bandwidth single-stage and operational amplifiers, RF communication circuits in the analog domain, in order to show this technology’s true potential for the next generation VLSI.

A detailed introduction to the design, modeling, and operation of junctionless field effect transistors (FETs), including advantages and limitations.

“Nanowire Field Effect Transistor: Basic Principles and Applications” places an emphasis on the application aspects of nanowire field effect transistors (NWFET). Device physics and electronics are discussed in a compact manner, together with the p-n junction diode and MOSFET, the former as an essential element in NWFET and the latter as a general background of the FET. During this discussion, the photo-diode, solar cell, LED, LD, DRAM, flash EEPROM and sensors are highlighted to pave the way for similar applications of NWFET. Modeling is discussed in close analogy and comparison with MOSFETs. Contributors focus on processing, electrostatic discharge (ESD) and application of NWFET. This includes coverage of solar and memory cells, biological and chemical sensors, displays and atomic scale light emitting diodes. Appropriate for scientists and engineers interested in acquiring a working knowledge of NWFET as well as graduate students specializing in this subject.

This book explores the impacts of important material parameters on the electrical properties of indium arsenide (InAs) nanowires, which offer a promising channel material for low-power electronic devices due to their small bandgap and high electron mobility. Smaller diameter nanowires are needed in order to scale down electronic devices and improve their performance. However, to date the properties of thin InAs nanowires and their sensitivity to various factors were not known. The book presents the first study of ultrathin InAs nanowires with diameters below 10 nm are studied, for the first time, establishing the channel in field-effect transistors (FETs) and the correlation between nanowire diameter and device performance. Moreover, it develops a novel method for directly correlating the atomic-level structure with the properties of individual nanowires and their device performance. Using this method, the electronic properties of InAs nanowires and the performance of the FETs they are used in are found to change with the crystal phases (wurtzite, zinc-blend or a mix phase), the axis direction and the growth method. These findings deepen our understanding of InAs nanowires and provide a potential way to tailor device performance by controlling the relevant parameters of the nanowires and devices.

This book gives a comprehensive overview of recent advances in developing nanowires for building various kinds of electronic devices. Specifically the applications of nanowires in detectors, sensors, circuits, energy storage and conversion, etc., are reviewed in detail by the experts in this field. Growth methods of different kinds of nanowires are also covered when discussing the electronic applications. Through discussing these cutting edge researches, the future directions of nanowire electronics are identified.

A comprehensive one-volume reference on current JLFET methods, techniques, and research Advancements in transistor technology have driven the modern smart-device revolution—many cell phones, watches, home appliances, and numerous other devices of everyday usage now surpass the performance of the room-filling supercomputers of the past. Electronic devices are continuing to become more mobile, powerful, and versatile in this era of internet-of-things (IoT) due in large part to the scaling of metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). Incessant scaling of the conventional MOSFETs to cater to consumer needs without incurring performance degradation requires costly and complex fabrication process owing to the presence of metallurgical junctions. Unlike conventional MOSFETs, junctionless field-effect transistors (JLFETs) contain no metallurgical junctions, so they are simpler to process and less costly to manufacture.JLFETs utilize a gated semiconductor film to control its resistance and the current flowing through it. Junctionless Field-Effect Transistors: Design, Modeling, and Simulation is an inclusive, one-stop referenceon the study and research on JLFETs This timely book covers the fundamental physics underlying JLFET operation, emerging architectures, modeling and simulation methods, comparative analyses of JLFET performance metrics, and several other interesting facts related to JLFETs. A calibrated simulation framework, including guidance on SentaurusTCAD software, enables researchers to investigate JLFETs, develop new architectures, and improve performance. This valuable resource: Addresses the design and architecture challenges faced by JLFET as a replacement for MOSFET Examines various approaches for analytical and compact modeling of JLFETs in circuit design and simulation Explains how to use Technology Computer-Aided Design software (TCAD) to produce numerical simulations of JLFETs Suggests research directions and potential applications of JLFETs Junctionless Field-Effect Transistors: Design, Modeling, and Simulation is an essential resource for CMOS device design researchers and advanced students in the field of physics and semiconductor devices.

During the last decade, there has been a great deal of interest in TFETs. To the best authors’ knowledge, no book on TFETs currently exists. The proposed book provides readers with fundamental understanding of the TFETs. It explains the interesting characteristics of the TFETs, pointing to their strengths and weaknesses, and describes the novel techniques that can be employed to overcome these weaknesses and improve their characteristics. Different tradeoffs that can be made in designing TFETs have also been highlighted. Further, the book provides simulation example files of TFETs that could be run using a commercial device simulator.