National Report Of The People S Republic Of China On Environment And Development

For the purpose of preparing for the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on June 20-22, 2012, the Chinese government established a Preparatory Committee in April 2011. This Committee consists of 29 organizations including five core ones—the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Environmental Protection. In July 2011, the Preparatory Committee set up a team to compile “the People's Republic of China National Report on Sustainable Development” (hereinafter referred to as “the National Report”), symbolizing the full launch of the preparation of the National Report. Given that the Chinese government compiled similar reports on two earlier occasions—the 19th Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly in 1997 and the World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, this National Report focuses on the efforts and progress China has made since 2001 in implementing the strategy of sustainable development, analyzing existing gaps and challenges, putting forward future strategic initiatives, and clarifying China's positions on the issues in the forthcoming 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development.

For the purpose of preparing for the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on June 20-22, 2012, the Chinese government established a Preparatory Committee in April 2011. This Committee consists of 29 organizations including five core ones-the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Environmental Protection. In July 2011, the Preparatory Committee set up a team to compile "the People's Republic of China National Report on Sustainable Development" (hereinafter referred to as "the National Report"), symbolizing the full launch of the preparation of the National Report.

The rapid pace of growth, the sectoral structure of the economy, the sources of energy used, and increased urbanization are four large-scale drivers behind the complex environmental agenda of the People's Republic of China (PRC). To improve the quality of the ambient environment, the recently released Macro Strategic Research Report on the PRC's Environment recognized the need for changing the momentum of the four driving forces, and included visions throughout 2050 for long-term environmentally sustainable development. Revisiting these visions for the future, this paper examines the key elements that the government needs to keep in mind in its efforts toward environmentally sustainable development, and articulates the role that the Asian Development Bank can play in contributing to the government's environmental agenda in the next decade.

This publication presents the results of a 2-year effort to update environmental assessment in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The research was a collaborative effort involving the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Development and Reform Commission, and numerous other technical and research institutions in the PRC. Based on this research and extensive consultations, ADB proposes a wide range of programs and policies that will help improve environmental quality despite new and emerging sources of pollution and challenges to natural resources management. Inclusive growth and a green economy are the government's guiding principles for its development agenda under the 12th Five-Year Plan and beyond to 2020. To support these principles, the PRC needs to restructure its economic and fiscal systems to reflect environmental externality, expand the use of market-based instruments to control pollution, and introduce and implement legal reforms to clarify responsibility and promote cooperation.

This publication presents the results of a 2-year effort to update environmental assessment in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The research was a collaborative effort involving the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Development and Reform Commission, and numerous other technical and research institutions in the PRC. Based on this research and extensive consultations, ADB proposes a wide range of programs and policies that will help improve environmental quality despite new and emerging sources of pollution and challenges to natural resources management. Inclusive growth and a green economy are the government's guiding principles for its development agenda under the 12th Five-Year Plan and beyond to 2020. To support these principles, the PRC needs to restructure its economic and fiscal systems to reflect environmental externality, expand the use of market-based instruments to control pollution, and introduce and implement legal reforms to clarify responsibility and promote cooperation.

During the last few decades, China has accomplished unprecedented economic growth and has emerged as the second largest economy in the world. This ‘economic miracle’ has led hundreds of millions of people out of poverty, but has also come at a high cost. Environmental degradation and the impact of environmental pollution on health are nowadays issues of the greatest concern for the Chinese public and the government. The Routledge Handbook of Environmental Policy in China focuses on the environmental challenges of China’s rapidly growing economy and provides a comprehensive overview of the policies developed to address the environmental crisis. Leading international scholars and practitioners examine China’s environmental governance efforts from an interdisciplinary perspective. Divided into five parts, the handbook covers the following key issues: Part I: Development of Environmental Policy in China - Actors and Institutions Part II: Key issues and Strategies for Solution Part III: Policy Instruments and Enforcement Part IV: Related Policy Fields – Conflicts and Synergies Part V: China’s Environmental Policy in the International Context This comprehensive handbook will be an invaluable resource to students and scholars of environmental policy and politics, development studies, Chinese studies, geography and international relations.