Nonlinear Acoustical Imaging

This book first introduced the theoretical foundation of nonlinear acoustics such as the basic equations of nonlinear acoustics followed by a statistical mechanics approach to nonlinear acoustics, then a curvilinear spacetime approach to nonlinear acoustics, then a gauge invariance approach to nonlinear acoustics, and application of chaos theory to nonlinear acoustics. Various formats of nonlinear acoustical imaging are given such as B/A nonlinear parameter acoustical imaging, fractal imaging, harmonics imaging, nonclassical nonlinear acoustical imaging, and modulation method in nonlinear acoustical imaging with their applications.

Acoustical imaging has become an indispensable tool in a variety of fields. Since its introduction, the applications have grown and cover a variety of techniques, producing significant results in fields as disparate as medicine and seismology. Cutting-edge trends continue to be discussed worldwide. This book contains the proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging (AI27), which took place in Saarbrücken, Germany, from March 24th to March 27th 2003. The Symposium belongs to a conference series in existence since 1968. AI27 comprised sessions on: Medical Imaging, Non-Destructive Testing, Seismic Imaging, Physics and Mathematics of Acoustical Imaging, Acoustic Microscopy. During two well-attended workshops the applications of quantitative acoustical imaging in biology and medical applications, and in near-field imaging of materials, were discussed. Based on its cross-disciplinary aspects, the authors of the papers of AI27 present experiments, theory and construction of new instruments.

In the course of the years the volumes in the Acoustical Imaging Series have developed to become well-known and appreciated reference works. Offering both a broad perspective on the state of the art in the field as well as an in-depth look at its leading edge research, this Volume 30 in the Series contains again an excellent collection of contributions, presented in five major categories:

The technology of acoustical imaging has advanced rapidly over the last sixty years, and now represents a sophisticated technique applied to a wide range of fields including non-destructive testing, medical imaging, underwater imaging and SONAR, and geophysical exploration. Acoustical Imaging: Techniques and Applications for Engineers introduces the basic physics of acoustics and acoustical imaging, before progressing to more advanced topics such as 3D and 4D imaging, elasticity theory, gauge invariance property of acoustic equation of motion and acoustic metamaterials. The author draws together the different technologies in sonar, seismic and ultrasound imaging, highlighting the similarities between topic areas and their common underlying theory. Key features: Comprehensively covers all of the important applications of acoustical imaging. Introduces the gauge invariance property of acoustic equation of motion, with applications in the elastic constants of isotropic solids, time reversal acoustics, negative refraction, double negative acoustical metamaterial and acoustical cloaking. Contains up to date treatments on latest theories of sound propagation in random media, including statistical treatment and chaos theory. Includes a chapter devoted to new acoustics based on metamaterials, a field founded by the author, including a new theory of elasticity and new theory of sound propagation in solids and fluids and tremendous potential in several novel applications. Covers the hot topics on acoustical imaging including time reversal acoustics, negative refraction and acoustical cloaking. Acoustical Imaging: Techniques and Applications for Engineers is a comprehensive reference on acoustical imaging and forms a valuable resource for engineers, researchers, senior undergraduate and graduate students.

Novel physical solutions, including new results in the field of adaptive methods and inventive approaches to inverse problems, original concepts based on high harmonic imaging algorithms, intriguing vibro-acoustic imaging and vibro-modulation technique, etc. were successfully introduced and verified in numerous studies of industrial materials and biomaterials in the last few years. Together with the above mentioned traditional academic and practical avenues in ultrasonic imaging research, intriguing scientific discussions have recently surfaced and will hopefully continue to bear fruits in the future. The goal of this book is to provide an overview of the recent advances in high-resolution ultrasonic imaging techniques and their applications to biomaterials evaluation and industrial materials. The result is a unique collection of papers presenting novel results and techniques that were developed by leading research groups worldwide. This book offers a number of new results from well-known authors who are engaged in aspects of the development of novel physical principles, new methods, or implementation of modern technological solutions into current imaging devices and new applications of high-resolution imaging systems. The ultimate purpose of this book is to encourage more research and development in the field to realize the great potential of high resolution acoustic imaging and its various industrial and biomedical applications.

Acoustical imaging has become an indispensable tool in a variety of fields. Since its introduction, the applications have grown and cover a variety of techniques, producing significant results in fields as disparate as medicine and seismology. Cutting-edge trends continue to be discussed worldwide. This book contains the proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging (AI27), which took place in Saarbrücken, Germany, from March 24th to March 27th 2003. The Symposium belongs to a conference series in existence since 1968. AI27 comprised sessions on: Medical Imaging, Non-Destructive Testing, Seismic Imaging, Physics and Mathematics of Acoustical Imaging, Acoustic Microscopy. During two well-attended workshops the applications of quantitative acoustical imaging in biology and medical applications, and in near-field imaging of materials, were discussed. Based on its cross-disciplinary aspects, the authors of the papers of AI27 present experiments, theory and construction of new instruments.

The technology of acoustical imaging has advanced rapidly over the last sixty years, and now represents a sophisticated technique applied to a wide range of fields including non-destructive testing, medical imaging, underwater imaging and SONAR, and geophysical exploration. Acoustical Imaging: Techniques and Applications for Engineers introduces the basic physics of acoustics and acoustical imaging, before progressing to more advanced topics such as 3D and 4D imaging, elasticity theory, gauge invariance property of acoustic equation of motion and acoustic metamaterials. The author draws together the different technologies in sonar, seismic and ultrasound imaging, highlighting the similarities between topic areas and their common underlying theory. Key features: Comprehensively covers all of the important applications of acoustical imaging. Introduces the gauge invariance property of acoustic equation of motion, with applications in the elastic constants of isotropic solids, time reversal acoustics, negative refraction, double negative acoustical metamaterial and acoustical cloaking. Contains up to date treatments on latest theories of sound propagation in random media, including statistical treatment and chaos theory. Includes a chapter devoted to new acoustics based on metamaterials, a field founded by the author, including a new theory of elasticity and new theory of sound propagation in solids and fluids and tremendous potential in several novel applications. Covers the hot topics on acoustical imaging including time reversal acoustics, negative refraction and acoustical cloaking. Acoustical Imaging: Techniques and Applications for Engineers is a comprehensive reference on acoustical imaging and forms a valuable resource for engineers, researchers, senior undergraduate and graduate students.

This volume represents the proceedings of the 21 st International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging, which was held at the Surf and Sand Hotel in Laguna Beach, California, March 28-30, 1994. These unique and highly interdisciplinary series of symposiums have met at intervals of roughly 18 months over the past 30 some years. In general these meetings are devoted to all aspects and all fields of imaging that use acoustics. The meetings are usually small, with 100 to 200 participants, and stimulate useful interchanges across disciplines. These are the only regular meetings where the major researchers in all areas of acoustical imaging can come together to interchange ideas and new concepts. The Acoustical Imaging Symposiums have long been regarded as the premier meeting of this type in the general field of acoustics. The highly regarded and carefully edited proceedings have been published regularly by Plenum Press. I am proud and honored to serve as editor of the 21st volume in this series. The 21st Symposium was attended by well over 100 participants from some 18 countries. During the three day symposium, 94 scientific presentations were given, 66 as formal lectures and 28 in a poster format. Sufficient time was available during the conference, both following the presentations and informally during meals and breaks, for active discussions among all participants. Over 80 of the presentations have been selected for inclusion in these proceedings.