Pathogenesis Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

The scope of this contributed volume is to provide an overview of the latest translational research in the field of lupus pathogenesis, with particular emphasis on how these discoveries progress in parallel with therapeutic drug development. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted disease with a number of well-defined immune pathways that are dysregulated, resulting in an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory injury at target organs. As knowledge of these pathways evolves to provide opportunities for targeted drug therapy and lays the foundation for personalized medicine, clinicians and researchers need to keep up with the ever-expanding medical literature. This book will critically appraise the current understanding of important immunological pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of lupus. We will review the role of interferons as part of the innate immune defects that perpetuate the loss of self-tolerance in SLE. B cell hyperactivity, as a defining hallmark of SLE, and different strategies of B cell targeted therapy will be discussed. The role of co-stimulation or immune checkpoint molecules in activating B and T cells will be reviewed, as well as other cytokines that serve in the amplification loop promoting a more proinflammatory Th1 or Th17 responses. Intracellular targets, such as signaling molecules in the JAK/STAT pathway, or a variety of kinases and proteasomes, can cause a cascading downstream effect of transcriptional responses that are important in SLE. Immune homeostasis can also be restored by bolstering the naturally occurring anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Glucocorticoid, as a potent natural anti-inflammatory hormone, can mediate its effects by recruiting histone deacetylase that serve to repress gene transcription. Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper is a gene upregulated by glucocorticoid that can be a potential target for development of anti-inflammatory strategy. Finally, T regulatory cells can be utilized to help restore to immune tolerance and are amongst the latest focus of therapeutic development in SLE.

This new companion to Hochberg et al.'s Rheumatology masterwork provides new insights into the causes, detection and therapy of this challenging disease. In this state-of-the-art resource, you'll find ‘one stop' coverage of all the latest scientific and clinical developments in SLE: new concepts in epidemiology, disease activity measures and outcomes; new concepts in immunoregulation, genetic and pathogenic mechanisms; new understanding and novel presentation of the processes of tissue/organ damage; comprehensive coverage of clinical features; and the very latest concepts in treatment. Provides the very latest understanding of the pathogenesis of SLE. Distills current understanding of the cellular, molecular, genetic and environmental factors that instigate and drive the disease. Includes comprehensive coverage of clinical features, including fatigue, organ system manifestations, overlap syndromes, infections, and more. Conveys the very latest understanding of mechanisms of tissue damage, including immune complexes, antibodies, and other mechanisms that lead to organ damage. Contains expert discussion of processes that are responsible for tissue injury - a hallmark of this text. Incorporates the latest treatment modalities, including steroids and non-steroidals, cytotoxic drug treatment, PAP's, and therapies on the horizon. Discusses the latest treatment options on disease modifying or disease controlling agents.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a medical condition whereby the body's natural defense system targets the healthy tissues of the body. SLE is caused by a defect of the immune system that may arise due to a genetic susceptibility coupled with an environmental trigger. Vitamin D deficiency is another factor associated with lupus. Genetic studies show that SLE is an oligogenic trait with multiple genes contributing to it. The immune response once triggered produces antibodies against itself, and specifically the proteins in the cell nucleus. Since SLE involves a number of different organ systems and exhibit a multitude of symptoms, its treatment is ideally based on its severity. The treatment of SLE is aimed at preventing flares, reducing the severity of flares and their duration when they occur. Treatment can comprise of anti-malarial drugs, immunosuppressive drugs, analgesics and intravenous immunoglobulins. This book contains some path-breaking studies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Also included in this book is a detailed explanation of the pathogenesis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. The topics covered herein offer the readers new insights in this condition.

Often considered the prototypic autoimmune disease, Lupus is characterized by protean manifestations and affects a wide range of organ systems. Despite widespread availability of anti nuclear antibody testing and other technological diagnostic advances, the diagnosis of lupus can be elusive, difficult, and inexact. Treatment of the disease can also be challenging. Advances in immunology and biotechnology have led to a burgeoning world of new therapies in development that offer patients the real possibility of new therapies and physicians and scientists novel insights into the pathogenesis of this complicated immunological disease. Lupus Erythematosus: Clinical Evaluation and Treatment summarizes the clinical aspects of lupus facing the general clinician in the 21st century. In this invaluable, practical book, the reader will find introductory chapters regarding general diagnostic and treatment principles, followed by chapters addressing the lupus-specific organ manifestations. Special topics regarding pregnancy and comorbidities are also presented. Written by highly experienced physicians with special expertise in lupus, Lupus Erythematosus: Clinical Evaluation and Treatment is an indispensable reference for the common and not so common problems affecting patients with lupus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the prototypical systemic autoimmune diseases characterised by inflammation, immune complex deposition, and vasculitis. Patients with SLE show various symptoms and clinical images, both constitutional and specific organ symptoms. They include the skin, joints, muscles, kidneys, lungs, nervous system, and blood vessels. Although the aetiology of the disease is still unclear, genetic, hormonal, immunologic abnormalities and environmental factors complicatedly play important roles in the pathophysiology in SLE. It is evident that multiple genes show genetic susceptibility to SLE. Environmental factors of SLE and immunologic abnormalities, especially the production of a number of auto-antibody, are important features of the disease. In this book, we present recent knowledge about the prevalence, pathophysiology and prognosis of SLE. The book includes various interesting chapters: Chapter One: An illustrated overview of the prevalence and clinical symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus; Chapter Two: Pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus; Chapter Three: MBL and MBL genotypes in SLE; Chapter Four: Novel biological activities of autoantibodies as the potential markers of systematic lupus erythematosus; Chapter Five: Cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) with clinical aspects and prognostics; Chapter Six: Prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus; Chapter Seven: Auto-antibody-producing RP105-negative B cells in humans and a murine model of lupus erythematosus.