Physicochemical Hydrodynamics

Physicochemical Hydrodynamics: An Introduction aims to provide an introduction to physicochemical hydrodynamics (PCH), which deals with the interaction between fluid flow and physical, chemical, and biochemical processes. PCH has applications in many areas of science and technology and is a rapidly expanding field. Emphasis of this book is on rational theory and its consequences, with the purpose of showing the underlying unity of PCH, in which diverse phenomena can be described in physically and mathematically similar ways. The magic of this unity is shown in the similar manner in which solutes concentrate in a flow containing chemically reacting surfaces, reverse osmosis membranes, and electrodialysis membranes or the similarity of particle motions in sedimentation, centrifugation, ultrafiltration, and electrophoresis. Problems are included at the end of each chapter and are ordered following the sequence in which the material is set out. The questions range in difficulty, with most requiring an analytic development, but with some asking only for a descriptive answer. All problems are intended to illustrate the ideas presented, though often the solution goes beyond the explicit discussion in the book, with the answer constituting a generalization or extension of the text material. This book is an essential source of information for students majoring in the field of PCH.

This book contains lecture notes and invited contributions presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute and EPS Liquid State Conference on PHYSICOCHEMICAL HYDRODYNAMICS-PCH: INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA that were held July 1-15, 1986, in LA RABIDA (Huelva) SPAIN. Although we are aware of the difficulty in organizing the contents due to the broad and multidisciplinary aspects of PCH-Interfacial Phenomena, we have tried to accomodate papers by topics and have not followed the order in the presentation at the meetings. There is also no distinction between the ASI notes and Conference papers. We have done our best to offer a coverage as complete as possible of the field. However, we had difficulties coming from the fact that some authors were so busy that either did not find time to submit their contribution or did not have time to write a comprehensive paper. We also had to cope with very late arrivals, postdeadline valuable contributions that we felt had to be included here. Our gratitude goes to the NATO Scientific Affairs Division for its economic support and to the EPS Liquid State Committee for its sponsorship. Financial support also came from Asociacion Industrias Quimicas-Huelva (Spain), Caycit-Ministerio De Educacion Y Ciencia (Spain), Canon-Espana (Spain), Citibank-Espana (Spain), CNLS-Los Alamos Nat. Lab. (U. S. A. ), CSIC (Spain), EPS, ERT (Spain), ESA, Fotonica (Spain), IBM-Espana (Spain), Junta De Andalucia (Spain), NATO, NSF (U. S. A. ), ONR-London (U. S. A.

This is the first book on physicochemical hydrodynamics that is devoted to capillary systems (surface layers, drops, films, jets, etc.) whose flow is greatly influenced by surface phenomena. Two- and three-dimensional hydrodynamics and rheology are formulated, as well as the kinetics and dynamics of surfactant adsorption in capillary systems. A new approach is elaborated for describing the most complicated capillary systems, like foams and polyhedral emulsions, as continuous media. The stability of disperse structures and the influence of gravity are also analysed. Although the book is purely theoretical, many consequences of practical importance are obtained. It will be of interest to university lecturers and postgraduates in colloid and surface science, as well as researchers and engineers dealing with capillary systems.

This book concerns a rapidly developing area of science that deals with the behavior of porous media saturated by fluids. Three basic aspects of this field are rather uniformly balanced in the book; namely, complex physical mechanisms of processes in porous media, new mathematical models, and numerical methods of process study. The following topics are included: homogenization and up-scaling of flow through heterogeneous media; micro-structural laws of complex flow at the pore scale; flow with phase transition and chemical reactions in porous media; wave propagation in saturated porous media; numerical model of flow in natural oil reservoirs; non-classical models of flow, percolation, fractals, foam flow; multi-phase flow with free surface. The contributors to this volume are leading researchers in the field.