Plant Cold Hardiness And Freezing Stress

Plant Cold Hardiness and Freezing Stress: Mechanisms and Crop Implications contains the proceedings of an International Plant Cold Hardiness Seminar, held in St. Paul, Minnesota on November 2-4, 1977. Organized into seven parts, this book contains a collection of valuable articles on the advances in plant cold hardiness research. This text first addresses the freezing stress in plants in nature, in the field, or as a result of laboratory experiments intended to explain the process. Some chapters follow that discuss the effect of cold acclimation and freezing on plant's cell membrane, the mechanism of cold acclimation in plants, and the super cooling stress in plants. The survival, breeding, cryopreservation, and cryoprotection of plants are also explained.

Plant Cold Hardiness and Freezing Stress: Mechanisms and Crop Implications, Volume 2 contains the proceedings of an International Seminar on Plant Cold Hardiness, held at the Sapporo Educational and Cultural Hall, Sapporo, Japan on August 11-14, 1981. Organized into five parts, this book aims to update the fundamental phenomena of plant cold acclimation and freezing behavior, to examine the hypotheses and ideas important to plant cold hardiness research, and to review the application of research findings for improving the quality of life. This volume particularly addresses the cold acclimation, freezing, and other temperature-related stresses in plants. Strategies for improving freezing survival are also presented. This volume will make an additional, significant contribution to researchers involved in understanding and planning research strategies for plant cold hardiness and for attenuating crop losses by frosts and severe winters.

Low temperature represents, together with drought and salt stress, one of the most important environmental constraints limiting the pro ductivity and the distribution of plants on the Earth. Winter survival, in particular, is a highly complex phenomenon, with regards to both stress factors and stress responses. The danger from winter cold is the result not only of its primary effect, i. e. the formation of ice in plant tissues; additional threats are presented by the freezing of water in and on the ground and by the load and duration ofthe snow cover. In recent years, a number of books and reviews on the subject of chilling and frost resistance in plants have appeared: all of these publications, however, concentrate principally on the mechanisms of injury and resistance to freezing at the cellular or molecular level. We are convinced that analysis of the ultrastructural and biochemical alterations in the cell and particularly in the plasma membrane during freezing is the key to understanding the limits of frost resistance and the mechanisms of cold acclimation. This is undoubtedly the immediate task facing those of us engaged in resistance research. It is nevertheless our opinion that, in addition to understanding the basic physiological events, we should be careful not to overlook the importance of the comparative aspects of the freezing processes, the components of stress avoidance and tolerance and the specific levels of resistance.

Presenting the latest research on the effects of cold and sub-zero temperatures on plant distribution, growth and yield, this comprehensive volume contains 28 chapters by international experts covering basic molecular science to broad ecological studies on the impact of global warming, and an industry perspective on transgenic approaches to abiotic stress tolerance. With a focus on integrating molecular studies in the laboratory with field research and physiological studies of whole plants in their natural environments, this book covers plant physiology, production, development, agronomy, ecology, breeding and genetics, and their applications in agriculture and horticulture.

V.2. Malchanisms and crop implications., baseado no Hardiness, Seminar, St. Paul., 1977.

Cold stress is one of the prevalent environmental stresses affecting crop productivity, particularly in temperate regions. Numerous plant types of tropical or subtropical origin are injured or killed by non-freezing low temperature, and display a range of symptoms of chilling injury such as chlorosis, necrosis, or growth retardation. In contrast, chilling tolerant species thrive well at such temperatures. To thrive under cold stress conditions, plants have evolved complex mechanisms to identify peripheral signals that allow them to counter varying environmental conditions. These mechanisms include stress perception, signal transduction, transcriptional activation of stress-responsive target genes, and synthesis of stress-related proteins and other molecules, which help plants to strive through adverse environmental conditions. Conventional breeding methods have met with limited success in improving the cold tolerance of important crop plants through inter-specific or inter-generic hybridization. A better understanding of physiological, biochemical and molecular responses and tolerance mechanisms, and discovery of novel stress-responsive pathways and genes may contribute to efficient engineering strategies that enhance cold stress tolerance. It is therefore imperative to accelerate the efforts to unravel the biochemical, physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying cold stress tolerance in plants. Through this new book, we intend to integrate the contributions from plant scientists targeting cold stress tolerance mechanisms using physiological, biochemical, molecular, structural and systems biology approaches. It is hoped that this collection will serve as a reference source for those who are interested in or are actively engaged in cold stress research.