Polymerized Ionic Liquids

The applications of ionic liquids can be enormously expanded by arranging the organic ions in the form a polymer architecture. Polymerized ionic liquids (PILs), also known as poly(ionic liquid)s or polymeric ionic liquids, provide almost all features of ionic polymers plus a rare versatility in design. Written by leading authors, the present book provides a comprehensive overview of this exciting area, discussing various aspects of PILs and their applications as smart materials. The book will appeal to a broad readership including students and researchers from materials science, polymer science, chemistry, and physics.

This book summarizes the latest knowledge in the science and technology of ionic liquids and polymers in different areas. Ionic liquids (IL) are actively being investigated in polymer science and technology for a number of different applications. In the first part of the book the authors present the particular properties of ionic liquids as speciality solvents. The state-of-the art in the use of ionic liquids in polymer synthesis and modification reactions including polymer recycling is outlined. The second part focuses on the use of ionic liquids as speciality additives such as plasticizers or antistatic agents. The third part examines the use of ionic liquids in the design of functional polymers (usually called polymeric ionic liquids (PIL) or poly(ionic liquids)). Many important applications in diverse scientific and industrial areas rely on these polymers, like polymer electrolytes in electrochemical devices, building blocks in materials science, nanocomposites, gas membranes, innovative anion sensitive materials, smart surfaces, and a countless set range of emerging applications in different fields such as energy, optoelectronics, analytical chemistry, biotechnology, nanomedicine or catalysis.

This book includes manuscripts from well-recognized international research groups that have taken different approaches to using ionic liquids in a variety of polymer applications. The chapters on polymer synthesis cover traditional free radical polymerizations, which have been shown to progress rapidly and yield high molecular weight polymers, and reverse atom transfer polymerizations. The ability to tune molecular weights and synthesize block copolymers has been attributed to long free radical lifetimes in ionic liquids. Other chapters cover a variety of uses for ionic liquids in polymer processing, designing specific material properties, and creating novel composites, such as ion gels and ionic liquid-carbon nanotube constructs. This book represents a new and exciting field in polymer chemistry and physics, and is growing rapidly as more fundamental knowledge of ionic liquids is uncovered.

The second edition is based on the original book, which has been revised, updated and expanded in order to cover the latest information on this rapidly growing field. The book begins with a description of general and electrochemical properties of ionic liquids and continues with a discussion of applications in biochemistry, ionic devices, functional design and polymeric ionic liquids. The new edition includes new chapters on Li ion Batteries and Actuators, as well as a revision of existing chapters to include a discussion on purification and the effects of impurities, adsorption of ionic liquids on interfaces and on the electrochemical double layer, among other topics.

Recent Advances in Ionic Liquids contains research on the preparation, characterization, and potential applications of stable ionic liquids (ILs). ILs are a class of low- and stable-melting point, ionic compounds that have a variety of properties allowing many of them to be sustainable green solvents. It is promising novel research from top to bottom and has received a lot of interest over the last few decades. It covers the advanced topics of physical, catalytic, chemical, polymeric, and potential applications of ILs. This book features interesting reports on cutting-edge science and technology related to the preparation, characterization, polymerization, and potential applications of ILs. This potentially unique work offers various approaches on the R

Photoinitiating systems play a key role in the starting point of a polymerization reaction under exposure to a UV or a visible light. The number of publications discussing photoinitiating systems for polymerization has seen a significant growth in recent years and this book provides an update on their latest research developments. The book covers different types of photoinitiating systems including UV radical photoinitiators, long wavelength sensitive radical photoinitiators, cationic photoinitiators and water soluble photoinitiators as well as a chapter on how to design novel photoinitiators. The book then focusses on the applications of the photoinitiators from nanoparticles and materials to ionic liquids and solar cells. Edited by leading names in the field, the book is suitable for postgraduate students and researchers in academia and industry interested in polymer chemistry, organic chemistry, materials science and the applications of the materials.

Solvents and ionic liquids are ubiquitous within our whole life since ancient times and their effects are actually being studied through basic sciences like Chemistry, Physics and Biology as well as being researched by a large number of scientific disciplines.This book represents an attempt to present examples on the utility of old and new solvents and the effects they exercise on several fields of academic and industrial interest. The first section, Solvents, presents information on bio-solvents and their synthesis, industrial production and applications, about per and trichloroethylene air monitoring in dry cleaners in the city of Sfax (Tunsia) and on the synthesis of polyimides using molten benzoic acid as the solvent. The second section, Ionic Liquids, shows information about the synthesis, physicochemical characterization and exploration of antimicrobial activities of imidazolium ionic liquid-supported Schiff base and its transition metal complexes, the technology of heterogenization of transition metal catalysts towards the synthetic applications in an ionic liquid matrix, the progress in ionic liquids as reaction media, monomers, and additives in high-performance polymers, a pre-screening of ionic liquids as gas hydrate inhibitor via application of COSMO-RS for methane hydrate, the extraction of aromatic compounds from their mixtures with alkanes from ternary to quaternary (or higher) systems and a review on ionic liquids as environmental benign solvent for cellulose chemistry. The final section, Solvent Effects, displays interesting information on solvent effects on dye sensitizers derived from anthocyanidins for applications in photocatalysis, about the solvent effect on a model of SNAr reaction in conventional and non-conventional solvents, and on solvent effects in supramolecular systems.

A comprehensive resource on ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) edited by the leading authority on the subject.