Practical Chemical Thermodynamics For Geoscientists

-- Presents brief historical summaries and biographies of key thermodynamics scientists alongside the fundamentals they were responsible for.

A text providing a systematic introduction to the application of thermodynamics to chemical reactions occurring in the earth's geological environment, for undergraduate and postgraduate geochemistry, geology, and environmental science students. It covers three essential topics: thermodynamic principles; thermodynamic properties of geological materials; and the use of thermodynamic data with graphical and computational techniques to predict properties of mineral and fluid assemblies. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Today large numbers of geoscientists apply thermodynamic theory to solu tions of a variety of problems in earth and planetary sciences. For most problems in chemistry, the application of thermodynamics is direct and rewarding. Geoscientists, however, deal with complex inorganic and organic substances. The complexities in the nature of mineralogical substances arise due to their involved crystal structure and multicomponental character. As a result, thermochemical solutions of many geological-planetological problems should be attempted only with a clear understanding of the crystal-chemical and thermochemical character of each mineral. The subject of physical geochemistry deals with the elucidation and application of physico-chemical principles to geosciences. Thermodynamics of mineral phases and crystalline solutions form an integral part of it. Developments in mineralogic thermody namics in recent years have been very encouraging, but do not easily reach many geoscientists interested mainly in applications. This series is to provide geoscientists and planetary scientists with current information on the develop ments in thermodynamics of mineral systems, and also provide the active researcher in this rapidly developing field with a forum through which he can popularize the important conclusions of his work. In the first several volumes, we plan to publish original contributions (with an abundant supply of back ground material for the uninitiated reader) and thoughtful reviews from a number of researchers on mineralogic thermodynamics, on the application of thermochemistry to planetary phase equilibria (including meteorites), and on kinetics of geochemical reactions.

A comprehensive and authoritative text on the formation and evolution of planetary atmospheres, for graduate-level students and researchers.

Contents Simone Pollastri, Lara Gigli, Paolo Ferretti, Giovanni B. Andreozzi, Nicola Bursi Gandolfi, Kilian Pollok , Alessandro F. Gualtieri -The crystal structure of mineral fibes. 3. Actinolite asbestos Dmitry A. Chebotarev, Anna G. Doroshkevich, Reiner Klemd, Nikolay S. Karmanov - Evolution of Nb-mineralization in the Chuktukon carbonatite massif, Chadobets upland (Krasnoyarsk Territory, Russia) Nicola Mondillo, Giuseppina Balassone, Maria Boni, Antonio Marino, Giuseppe Arfè - Evaluation of the amount of rare earth elements -REE in the Silius fluorie vein system (SE Sardinia, Italy). Fuat Yavuz and Zeynep Döner - WinAmptb: A Windows program for calcic amphibole thermobarometry Marcella Di Bella, Francesco Italiano, Davide Romano, Alessandro Tripodo, Giuseppe Sabatino - Geochemistry and tectonic setting of triassic magmatism from the Lercara Basin (Sicily, Italy) Silvio Mollo, Francesco Vetere, Harald Beherens, Vanni Tecchiato, Antonio Langone, Piergiorgio Scarlato, Diego Perugini - The effect of degassing and volatile exsolution on the composition of a trachybasaltic melt decompressed at slow and fast rates

Measurements, Mechanisms, and Models of Heat Transport offers an interdisciplinary approach to the dynamic response of matter to energy input. Using a combination of fundamental principles of physics, recent developments in measuring time-dependent heat conduction, and analytical mathematics, this timely reference summarizes the relative advantages of currently used methods, and remediates flaws in modern models and their historical precursors. Geophysicists, physical chemists, and engineers will find the book to be a valuable resource for its discussions of radiative transfer models and the kinetic theory of gas, amended to account for atomic collisions being inelastic. This book is a prelude to a companion volume on the thermal state, formation, and evolution of planets. Covering both microscopic and mesoscopic phenomena of heat transport, Measurements, Mechanisms, and Models of Heat Transport offers both the fundamental knowledge and up-to-date measurements and models to encourage further improvem Combines state-of-the-art measurements with core principles to lead to a better understanding of heat conduction and of radiative diffusion, and how these processes are linked Focuses on macroscopic models of heat transport and the underlying physical principles, providing the tools needed to solve many different problems in heat transport Connects thermodynamics with behavior of light in revising the kinetic theory of gas, which underlies all models of heat transport, and uses such links to re-derive formulae for blackbody emissions Explores all states of matter, with an emphasis on crystalline and amorphous solids

Ideal for advanced students, this comprehensive overview of molecular astrophysics bridges physics, astronomy, and physical chemistry.

Over the past few decades the boom in the industrial sector has contributed to the release in the environment of pollutants that have no regulatory status and which may have significant impact on the health of animals and humans. These pollutants also refer as “emerging pollutants” are mostly aromatic compounds which derive from excretion of pharmaceutical, industrial effluents and municipal discharge. Some form of pollutions have also evolved, including the proliferation of acid mine drainage from oxidation or weathering of obsolete and unmanaged excavations around the world; this results mostly in the dispersion of inorganic pollutants in the environment at level surpassing the treatment capacity of conventional techniques. It is recurrent these days to find water treatment plants which no longer produce water that fits the purpose of domestic consumption based on newly established guidelines. This situation has prompted water authorities and researchers to develop tools for proper prediction and control of the dispersion of pollutants in the environment to ensure that appropriate measures are taken to prevent the occurrence of outbreaks due to sudden load of these pollutants in the water system. The chapters in this book cover a wide range of nano and bio-based techniques that have been designed for the real time detection of emerging contaminants in environmental water sources, geochemical models that are continuously improved for the prediction of inorganic contaminants migration from the mine solid wastes into ground and surface waters. Remediation strategies are also discussed and include effective techniques based on nanotechnology, advanced membrane filtration, oxidative and bio- degradation processes using various types of nanocatalysts, biocatalysts or supporting polymer matrices which are under advanced investigations for their implementation at large scale for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants from polluted water. This book is divided is two sections, the first section covers the occurrence of emerging pollutants in environmental water while the second section covers state of the art research on the removal of emerging pollutants from water using sustainable technologies. A total of 13 chapters addressing various topics related to the two sections are essentially based on recent development in the respective field which could have a significant impact on the enhancement of the performance of wastewater treatment plants around the world and especially in developing countries where access to clean and safe water remains a daily challenge