Prevention The Missing Link For Managing Insider Threat In The Intelligence Community

This is the third and final paper in the NOIR White Paper trilogy on Insider Threats. The previous white paper proposed an off-ramp exit solution, which does not yet exist, for those who have crossed the line. Quoting Sun Tzu: "Always leave your enemy an exit." Extending the logic, why not off-ramp exits, meaning robust prevention mechanisms, for BEFORE they cross the line? Security breaches and other insider threat events are the endpoints that indicate a failure occurred somewhere along the sequence of links in security chains. These links are the protective measures intended to counter potentially disastrous breaches. Breaches are proof that the links failed.Failed security chains in the Intelligence Community (IC) should be analyzed the same way the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) goes about studying aircraft disasters. The NTSB seeks to understand how each link failed in chains that resulted in disasters and whether protective links that should have been built into security chains were simply missing. This new paper asserts that there are two critical missing links in Intelligence Community security chains. These missing links can be described as two types of off-ramp exits: exits for BEFORE someone crosses the line and exits for AFTER someone crosses the line. The absence of these two links in IC security chains weakens effective management of IC insider threat. If both missing links were added to the considerable number of existing and planned detection links--which at present seem to be the only game in town-- a full spectrum solution would come into existence for the comprehensive management of insider threat. This paper is proposes how to achieve this full spectrum solution.

This book contains all three White Papers by Dr. David Charney that provide a full-spectrum solution for managing insider threat: 1) True Psychology of the Insider Spy 2) NOIR: A White Paper Proposing a New Policy for Improving National Security by Fixing the Problem of Insider Spies and 3) Prevention: The Missing Link for Managing Insider Threat in the Intelligence Community. The author of the White Papers, David Charney, M.D., is a psychiatrist who had the unique experience of interviewing former FBI counterintelligence officer Robert Hanssen in jail, weekly, for approximately two hours per visit, for a year. Dr. Charney did the same with two other incarcerated insider spies: Earl Pitts (former FBI Special Agent revealed as a KGB spy), and Brian Regan (former Air Force/NRO). Dr. Charney's interest was to better understand the minds of spies for the sake of strengthening our national security. Over the eighteen years of his work with these cases, Dr. Charney developed a greater understanding of insider spy psychology and formulated new approaches and fresh proposals for better managing the problem of insider spies. Most Insider Threat management initiatives have been technology driven. While clever and useful up to a point, they are subject to the Law of Diminishing Returns and can backfire by creating a negative, distrustful workplace atmosphere. A well-motivated insider can defeat nearly any technology-based system. They will always find a way. By contrast, Dr. Charney's NOIR proposals center on the minds of potential or current insider threats: their psychologies and their inner worlds. The battle must be won there. The second white paper proposed an off-ramp exit solution, which does not yet exist, for those who have crossed the line. Quoting Sun Tzu: "Always leave your enemy an exit." Extending the logic, why not off-ramp exits, meaning robust prevention mechanisms, for BEFORE they cross the line? Security breaches and other insider threat events are the endpoints that indicate a failure occurred somewhere along the sequence of links in security chains. These links are the protective measures intended to counter potentially disastrous breaches. Breaches are proof that the links failed. Failed security chains in the Intelligence Community (IC) should be analyzed the same way the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) goes about studying aircraft disasters. The NTSB seeks to understand how each link failed in chains that resulted in disasters and whether protective links that should have been built into security chains were simply missing. The third white paper asserts that there are two critical missing links in Intelligence Community security chains. These missing links can be described as two types of off-ramp exits: exits for BEFORE someone crosses the line and exits for AFTER someone crosses the line. The absence of these two links in IC security chains weakens effective management of IC insider threat. If both missing links were added to the considerable number of existing and planned detection links-which at present seem to be the only game in town- a full spectrum solution would come into existence for the comprehensive management of insider threat. This part of the paper is proposes how to achieve this full spectrum solution. NOIR for USA is a 501(c)3 entity to educate the US Intelligence Community, other government components, including the Congress, the courts, responsible journalists, and the general public, about the NOIR concepts and proposals. Dr. Charney and his colleagues at NOIR For USA would appreciate any comments, criticisms, or additional thoughts you may have about NOIR concepts and proposals: [email protected]

NOIR is a two-part White Paper, written by David L. Charney, M.D., a psychiatrist who had the unique experience of interviewing former FBI counterintelligence officer Robert Hanssen in jail, weekly, for approximately two hours per visit, for a year. Dr. Charney did the same with two other incarcerated insider spies: Earl Pitts (former FBI Special Agent revealed as a KGB spy), and Brian Regan (former Air Force/NRO). Dr. Charney's interest was to better understand the minds of spies for the sake of strengthening our national security. Over the eighteen years of his work with these cases, Dr. Charney developed a greater understanding of insider spy psychology and formulated new approaches and fresh proposals for better managing the problem of insider spies. Dr. Charney's first paper, "True Psychology of the Insider Spy," Part One of his two-part White Paper on insider spies, was published in late 2010 in the AFIO Intelligencer. This paper can be viewed on the NCIX (National Counterintelligence Executive) website. Most Insider Threat management initiatives have been technology driven. While clever and useful up to a point, they are subject to the Law of Diminishing Returns and can backfire by creating a negative, distrustful workplace atmosphere. A well-motivated insider can defeat nearly any technology-based system. They will always find a way. By contrast, Dr. Charney's NOIR proposals center on the minds of potential or current insider threats: their psychologies and their inner worlds. The battle must be won there. NOIR focuses on "classic" state-sponsored espionage. However, many of its points are applicable for dealing with Snowden-type threats. NOIR for USA is a 501(c)3 entity to educate the US Intelligence Community, other government components, including the Congress, the courts, responsible journalists, and the general public, about the NOIR concepts and proposals. Dr. Charney and his colleagues at NOIR for USA would appreciate any comments, criticisms, or additional thoughts you may have about NOIR concepts and proposals: [email protected]

Mark M. Lowenthal’s trusted guide is the go-to resource for understanding how the intelligence community’s history, structure, procedures, and functions affect policy decisions. In the fully updated Ninth Edition of Intelligence, the author addresses cyber security and cyber intelligence throughout, expands the coverage of collection, comprehensively updates the chapters on nation-state issues and transnational issues, and looks at foreign intelligence services, both large and small.

Building an Effective Security Program for Distributed Energy Resources and Systems Build a critical and effective security program for DERs Building an Effective Security Program for Distributed Energy Resources and Systems requires a unified approach to establishing a critical security program for DER systems and Smart Grid applications. The methodology provided integrates systems security engineering principles, techniques, standards, and best practices. This publication introduces engineers on the design, implementation, and maintenance of a security program for distributed energy resources (DERs), smart grid, and industrial control systems. It provides security professionals with understanding the specific requirements of industrial control systems and real-time constrained applications for power systems. This book: Describes the cybersecurity needs for DERs and power grid as critical infrastructure Introduces the information security principles to assess and manage the security and privacy risks of the emerging Smart Grid technologies Outlines the functions of the security program as well as the scope and differences between traditional IT system security requirements and those required for industrial control systems such as SCADA systems Offers a full array of resources— cybersecurity concepts, frameworks, and emerging trends Security Professionals and Engineers can use Building an Effective Security Program for Distributed Energy Resources and Systems as a reliable resource that is dedicated to the essential topic of security for distributed energy resources and power grids. They will find standards, guidelines, and recommendations from standards organizations, such as ISO, IEC, NIST, IEEE, ENISA, ISA, ISACA, and ISF, conveniently included for reference within chapters.

Insider Threats in Cyber Security is a cutting edge text presenting IT and non-IT facets of insider threats together. This volume brings together a critical mass of well-established worldwide researchers, and provides a unique multidisciplinary overview. Monica van Huystee, Senior Policy Advisor at MCI, Ontario, Canada comments "The book will be a must read, so of course I’ll need a copy." Insider Threats in Cyber Security covers all aspects of insider threats, from motivation to mitigation. It includes how to monitor insider threats (and what to monitor for), how to mitigate insider threats, and related topics and case studies. Insider Threats in Cyber Security is intended for a professional audience composed of the military, government policy makers and banking; financing companies focusing on the Secure Cyberspace industry. This book is also suitable for advanced-level students and researchers in computer science as a secondary text or reference book.

Since 2001, the CERT® Insider Threat Center at Carnegie Mellon University’s Software Engineering Institute (SEI) has collected and analyzed information about more than seven hundred insider cyber crimes, ranging from national security espionage to theft of trade secrets. The CERT® Guide to Insider Threats describes CERT’s findings in practical terms, offering specific guidance and countermeasures that can be immediately applied by executives, managers, security officers, and operational staff within any private, government, or military organization. The authors systematically address attacks by all types of malicious insiders, including current and former employees, contractors, business partners, outsourcers, and even cloud-computing vendors. They cover all major types of insider cyber crime: IT sabotage, intellectual property theft, and fraud. For each, they present a crime profile describing how the crime tends to evolve over time, as well as motivations, attack methods, organizational issues, and precursor warnings that could have helped the organization prevent the incident or detect it earlier. Beyond identifying crucial patterns of suspicious behavior, the authors present concrete defensive measures for protecting both systems and data. This book also conveys the big picture of the insider threat problem over time: the complex interactions and unintended consequences of existing policies, practices, technology, insider mindsets, and organizational culture. Most important, it offers actionable recommendations for the entire organization, from executive management and board members to IT, data owners, HR, and legal departments. With this book, you will find out how to Identify hidden signs of insider IT sabotage, theft of sensitive information, and fraud Recognize insider threats throughout the software development life cycle Use advanced threat controls to resist attacks by both technical and nontechnical insiders Increase the effectiveness of existing technical security tools by enhancing rules, configurations, and associated business processes Prepare for unusual insider attacks, including attacks linked to organized crime or the Internet underground By implementing this book’s security practices, you will be incorporating protection mechanisms designed to resist the vast majority of malicious insider attacks.