Privateering And Piracy In The Colonial Period

"A privateer is an armed vessel (or its commander) which, in time of war, though owners and officers and crew are private persons, has a commission from a belligerent government to commit acts of warfare on vessels of its enemy"--Preface

"Probably the most important privateering center of the era in North America, and possibly of the British Empire, bustling Colonial New York serves as a microcosm for this scholarly study of the decline of piracy and the enforcement of legality in privateering. ... In the 1690s, the city of New York was a flourishing pirate center. By the mid-[18th-]century, however, only a few of its privateersmen drifted into the dangerous practices of the earlier period. Pirates gave way before governmental control or retired or died. ... History and politics play important roles in this economic examination of the port. Legal aspects of the maritime depredation are thoroughly treated, as pirates and privateersmen elbow merchants and government officials in their quest for loot." -- Book jacket.

Shows how the political turmoil of the Spanish American Wars of Independence allowed an upsurge in prize-taking activity by navies, privateers and pirates. Private maritime predation was integral to the Spanish American Wars of Independence. When colonists rebelled against Spanish rule in 1810 they deployed privateers - los corsarios insurgentes - to prosecute their revolutionary struggle at sea. Spain responded by commissioning privateers of its own, while the disintegration of Spanish authority in the New World created conditions in which unauthorised prize-taking - piracy - also flourished. This upsurge in privateering and piracy has been neglected by historians yet it posed a significant threat to British interests. As numerous vessels were captured and plundered, the British government - endeavouring to remain neutral in the Spanish American conflict - faced a dilemma. An insufficient response might hinder Britain's commercial expansion but an overly aggressive approach risked plunging the nation into another war. Privateering, Piracy and British Policy in Spanish America assesses the varied and flexible ways the British government responded to prize-taking activity in order to safeguard and enhance its wider commercial and political objectives. This analysis marks a significant and original contribution to the study of privateering and piracy, and informs key debates about the development of international law and the character of British imperialism in the nineteenth century. Matthew McCarthy is Research Officer at the Maritime Historical Studies Centre, University of Hull. He was awarded his PhD by the University of Hull in 2011 and won the British Commission for Maritime History/Boydell & Brewer prize for best doctoral thesis in maritime history.

Privateering and Piracy in the Colonial Period By J. Franklin Jameson