Problems And Solutions In Quantum Computing And Quantum Information 4th Edition

Quantum computing and quantum information are two of the fastest growing and most exciting research fields in physics. Entanglement, teleportation and the possibility of using the non-local behavior of quantum mechanics to factor integers in random polynomial time have also added to this new interest. This book presents a huge collection of problems in quantum computing and quantum information together with their detailed solutions, which will prove to be invaluable to students as well as researchers in these fields. Each chapter gives a comprehensive introduction to the topics. All the important concepts and areas such as quantum gates and quantum circuits, product Hilbert spaces, entanglement and entanglement measures, teleportation, Bell states, Bell measurement, Bell inequality, Schmidt decomposition, quantum Fourier transform, magic gate, von Neumann entropy, quantum cryptography, quantum error corrections, quantum games, number states and Bose operators, coherent states, squeezed states, Gaussian states, coherent Bell states, POVM measurement, quantum optics networks, beam splitter, phase shifter and Kerr Hamilton operator are included. A chapter on quantum channels has also been added. Furthermore a chapter on boolean functions and quantum gates with mapping bits to qubits is included. The topics range in difficulty from elementary to advanced. Almost all problems are solved in detail and most of the problems are self-contained. Each chapter also contains supplementary problems to challenge the reader. Programming problems with Maxima and SymbolicC++ implementations are also provided.

CONTENIDO: Finite-dimensional Hilbert Spaces - Qubits - Kronecker product and tensor product - Matrix properties - Density operators - Partial trace - Unitary transforms and quantum gates - Entropy - Measurement - Entanglement - Bell inequality - Teleportation - Cloning - Quantum algorithms - Quantum error correction - Quantum cryptography - Infinite-dimensional Hilbert Spaces - Harmonic oscillator and Bose operators - Coherent states - Squeezed states - Entanglement - Swapping and cloning - Hamilton operators.

This long-awaited second edition provides an accessible but comprehensive introduction to the important field of quantum optics.

This book is devoted to the theory and phenomenology of transverse-spin effects in high-energy hadronic physics. Contrary to common past belief, it is now rather clear that such effects are far from irrelevant. A decade or so of intense theoretical work has shed much light on the subject and brought to surface an entire class of new phenomena, which now await thorough experimental investigation. Over the next few years a number of experiments world-wide (at BNL, CERN, DESY and JLAB) will run with transversely polarised beams and targets, providing data that will enrich our knowledge of the transverse-spin structure of hadrons. It is therefore timely to assess the state of the art, and this is the principal aim of the volume.An outline of the book is as follows. After a few introductory remarks (Chapter 1), attention is directed in Chapter 2 to transversely polarised deeply-inelastic scattering (DIS), which probes the transverse spin structure function g2. This existing data are reviewed and discussed (for completeness, a brief presentation of longitudinally polarised DIS is also provided). In Chapter 3 the transverse-spin structure of the proton is illustrated in detail, with emphasis on the transversity distribution and the twist-three parton distribution contributing to g2. Model calculations of these quantities are also presented. In Chapter 4, the QCD evolution of transversity is studied at leading and next-to-leading order. Chapter 5 illustrates the g2 structure function and its related sum rules within the framework of perturbative QCD. The last three chapters are devoted to the phenomenology of transversity, in the context of Drell-Yan processes (Chapter 6), inclusive leptoproduction (Chapter 7) and inclusive hadroproduction (Chapter 8). The interpretation of some recent single-spin asymmetry data is discussed and the prospects for future measurements are reviewed.