Processing Of Poultry

Poultry Products Processing: An Industry Guide covers all major aspects of the modern poultry further processing industry. The author provides a comprehensive guide to the many steps involved in converting poultry muscle (chicken, turkey, duck, ratite, etc.) into meat and highlights the critical points required to assure high quality and safe product manufacturing. The book opens with an overview of the poultry industry and then discusses poultry anatomy and muscle biology as they relate to meat quality and potential problems associated with further processing. Several chapters are devoted to meat product formulations (including numerous recipes), processing equipment, and principles of equipment operation. A separate chapter is devoted to the growing field of battering and breading poultry products, such as chicken nuggets, with many illustrations of equipment operation, discussions of the various breading employed, and trouble shooting. Another section focuses on food safety, microbiology, sanitation methods, and HACCP, including models for primary and further processing. Material on meat color, color defects, flavor, and sensory analysis is also included to help the reader understand factors affecting the challenges and problems the industry faces when marketing poultry products.

Over the last 40 years, poultry-meat production has undergone considerable expansion in much of the developed world. The industry has changed from an essentially farm-based operation to one where economies of scale in rearing and processing have led to a high degree of operational efficiency. As a sequel to these changes, however, there is now greater emphasis on product quality, rather than mere 'production at least cost'. Also, the more recent growth in further processed and 'value-added' convenience items has helped to maintain a buoyant market for poultry, and has shown that the industry can rapidly adapt to changing consumer needs and preferences. It is in the areas of primary processing and further-processed product development that the greatest technological changes have occurred within the industry. Processing, in particular, has become more mechanical, so that most stages in the production of oven-ready carcasses or cut-portions are now either semi-or fully-automated, thus reducing labcur costs and helping to maximise the speed and efficiency of the process. However, not all of the changes that have taken place have necessarily been in the best interests of maintaining product quality, e.g. in relation to meat tenderness and microbial contamina tion, and it is essential for any processor to understand fully the effects of processing on all aspects of meat quality, including the efficacy of possible control measures.

Poultry products are universally popular and in recent years the consumption of poultry meat has risen dramatically. To ensure the continued growth and competitiveness of this industry, it is essential that poultry meat quality and safety are maintained during production and processing. This important collection provides an authoritative review of the key issues affecting poultry meat quality in production and processing. The book begins by establishing consumer requirements for meat quality, before examining the influence of breeding and husbandry, and techniques for stunning and slaughter of poultry. Chapters 5 and 6 look at primary and secondary processing and Chapters 7, 8 and 9 discuss packaging, refrigeration and other preservation techniques. There are also chapters on microbial hazards and chemical residues in poultry. Quality management issues are reviewed in the final group of chapters, including shelf-life and spoilage, measuring quality parameters and ways of maintaining safety and maximising quality. Poultry meat processing and quality is an essential reference book for technical managers in the Poultry Industry and anyone engaged in teaching or research on poultry meat production. An essential reference for the entire poultry meat industry Reviews the key issues affecting poultry meat quality in production and processing Extensive analysis of poultry meat safety issues

When the first edition of Poultry Meat Processing was published, it provided a complete presentation of the theoretical and practical aspects of poultry meat processing, exploring the complex mix of biology, chemistry, engineering, marketing, and economics involved. Upholding its reputation as the most comprehensive text available, Poultry Meat Pro

A comprehensive reference for the poultry industry—Volume 1 describes everything from husbandry up to preservation With an unparalleled level of coverage, the Handbook of Poultry Science and Technology provides an up-to-date and comprehensive reference on poultry processing. Volume 1 describes husbandry, slaughter, preservation, and safety. It presents all the details professionals need to know beginning with live poultry through to the freezing of whole poultry and predetermined cut parts. Throughout, the coverage focuses on one paramount objective: an acceptable quality and a safe product for consumer purchase and use. The text includes safety requirements and regulatory enforcement in the United States, EU, and Asia. Volume 1: Primary Processing is divided into seven parts: Poultry: biology to pre-mortem status—includes such topics as classification and biology, competitive exclusion, transportation to the slaughterhouse, and more Slaughtering and cutting—includes the slaughterhouse building and required facilities, equipment, and operations; carcass evaluation and cutting; kosher and halal slaughter; and more Preservation: refrigeration and freezing—includes the biology and physicochemistry of poultry meat in rigor mortis under ambient temperature, as well as changes that occur during freezing and thawing; engineering principles; equipment and processes; quality; refrigeration and freezing for various facilities; and more Preservation: heating, drying, chemicals, and irradiation Composition, chemistry, and sensory attributes—includes quality characteristics, microbiology, nutritional components, chemical composition, and texture of raw poultry meat Eggs—includes egg attributes, science, and technology Sanitation and Safety—includes PSE, poultry-related foodborne diseases, OSHA requirements, HACCP and its application, and more

Commercial Chicken Meat and Egg Production is the 5th edition of a highly successful book first authored by Dr. Mack O. North in 1972, updated in 1978 and 1984. The 4th edition was co-authored with Donald D. Bell in 1990. The book has achieved international success as a reference for students and commercial poultry and egg producers in every major poultry producing country in the world. The 5th edition is essential reading for students preparing to enter the poultry industry, for owners and managers of existing poultry companies and for scientists who need a major source of scientifically based material on poultry management. In earlier editions, the authors emphasized the chicken and its management. The 5th edition, with the emphasis shifted to the commercial business of managing poultry, contains over 75% new material. The contributions of 14 new authors make this new edition the most comprehensive such book available. Since extensive references are made to the international aspects of poultry management, all data are presented in both the Imperial and Metric form. Over 300 tables and 250 photos and figures support 62 chapters of text. New areas include processing of poultry and eggs with thorough discussions of food safety and further processing. The business of maintaining poultry is discussed in chapters on economics, model production firms, the use of computers, and record keeping. Updated topics include: breeders and hatchery operations; broiler and layer flock management; replacement programs and management of replacements; nutrition; and flock health. New chapters address flock behavior, ventilation, waste management, egg quality and egg breakage. Other new features include a list of more than 400 references and a Master List of the tables, figures, manufacturers of equipment and supplies, research institutions, books and periodicals, breeders, and trade associations. Commercial growers will find the tables of data of particular interest; scientists will be able to utilize the extensive references and to relate their areas of interest to the commercial industry's applications; and students will find that the division of the book into 11 distinct sections, with multiple chapters in each, will make the text especially useful.

A comprehensive reference for the poultry industry—Volume 2 describes poultry processing from raw meat to final retail products With an unparalleled level of coverage, the Handbook of Poultry Science and Technology provides an up-to-date and comprehensive reference on poultry processing. Volume 2: Secondary Processing covers processing poultry from raw meat to uncooked, cooked or semi-cooked retail products. It includes the scientific, technical, and engineering principles of poultry processing, methods and product categories, product manufacturing and attributes, and sanitation and safety. Volume 2: Secondary Processing is divided into seven parts: Secondary processing of poultry products—an overview Methods in processing poultry products—includes emulsions and gelations; breading and battering; mechanical deboning; marination, cooking, and curing; and non-meat ingredients Product manufacturing—includes canned poultry meat, turkey bacon and sausage, breaded product (nuggets), paste product (pâté), poultry ham, luncheon meat, processed functional egg products, and special dietary products for the elderly, the ill, children, and infants Product quality and sensory attributes—includes texture and tenderness, protein and poultry meat quality, flavors, color, handling refrigerated poultry, and more Engineering principles, operations, and equipment—includes processing equipment, thermal processing, packaging, and more Contaminants, pathogens, analysis, and quality assurance—includes microbial ecology and spoilage in poultry and poultry products; campylobacter; microbiology of ready-to-eat poultry products; and chemical and microbial analysis Safety systems in the United States—includes U.S. sanitation requirements, HACCP, U.S. enforcement tools and mechanisms