Protective Discrimination

Contributed seminar articles with reference to India.

Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2014 in the subject Law - Public Law / Constitutional Law / Basic Rights, grade: NA, Bangalore University / Central College (National Law School of India University Bangalore), course: Ph.D., language: English, abstract: The Indian constitution provided the state to make special provisions for the upliftment of backward classes. Since then, the topic has become debatable. These special provisions promulgated at different space and time have evolved as a preferential policy. The constitutional objective behind this policy is to ensure social justice for disadvantaged sections of people. Unfortunately the political motif has overshadowed the constitutional intent. The notion of justice is essentially apolitical; however, there has been criticism, oppositions and prolonged protests in this regard. These development are not conducive to Indian polity. The preferential policy should contribute to overcome the backwardness rather to create backwardness or hamper advancements of other classes of citizens. This work attempts to perform a cost –benefit, what if analysis in the light of preceding chapters. It also explores complementarities of legal doctrines in India and US. The common area of concerns were identified through covering and addressing questions before law and ideas worth accommodating from US part. Some doctrines are also developed in this regard.

1.The Constitution and Reservation Policy2.Identification of Backward Classes and Constitutional Provisions3.Public Opinion on Reservation Policy4.Protective Discrimination Policy: Programmesand Issues5. Success and Failure in Implementation of Protective Discrimination6. Reservation Policy: Benefits Accruing 7. Reservation Policy and Anti-Reservation Stirs 8. The Role of Scheduled Caste Elites 9. EduC: ltion of Children of SCs and Consti- tutional Benefits10. Reservation and its Consequences 11. Jurisprudential Foundation 12. Parliamentary Debate 13. Distribution of Scheduled Castes Population by Sex State/DistrictInde

This Book Discusses The Role Of Government, Social Organizations, Backward Castes/Communities, Political Parties To Project The State-Society Relationship And Its Dynamics Of Functioning For Upliftment Of Obcs.

Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.

Mani Shankar Aiyar Looks Back To The Changes That Have Taken Place During The &Lsquo;Time Of Transition&Rsquo; &Mdash;The Two Decades Since Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi Left Office After The Lok Sabha Elections Of November 1989. Rajiv Gandhi Was The Fourth Prime Minister Of India In Four Decades Of Independence, But The Last Twenty Years Have Seen As Many As Eight Prime Ministers And Several More Governments. Accompanying The Change From Single-Party Governance To The Instability Of Coalition Politics Are Major Transformations In The Pace, Trajectory And Even The Goals Of Nation-Building. It Is These Contentious Transitions That Are Reflected In The Five Major Themes Of This Volume: Democracy, Secularism, Socialism, Nonalignment, And Neighbourhood Policy. Mani Shankar Aiyar Was Both A Witness To, And A Reluctant Participant In, These Processes Of Change: As Joint Secretary In Rajiv Gandhi&Rsquo;S Prime Minister&Rsquo;S Office, As An Mp Since 1991, And Today As A Cabinet Minister In The United Progressive Alliance Government. His Columns For The Indian Express Are Analytical And Vivid Commentaries On Their Times, Written In The Author&Rsquo;S Inimitable Style. This Collection Sheds Light On A Critically Significant Era In Contemporary India.