Quantum Radio Frequency Physics

Atomic frequency standards provide the most accurate measurements in physics. The Quantum Physics of Atomic Frequency Standards is an extensive survey of the subject covering both theoretical and experimental aspects together with applications. As an accessible and essential reference it will be invaluable to experienced researchers and beginners alike. The first volume begins with a quantum mechanics treatment of the interaction of static fields and electromagnetic radiation with atoms and molecules. Each of the important phenomena - noise, relaxation, broadening and frequency shifts - is treated in detail and optical pumping and population inversion are explained. With all the background material now in place the major part of these volumes is devoted to a theoretical analysis of the operation of the numerous atomic frequency standards that are either in use, are being studied or have been proposed. * Caesium atomic beam frequency standards * Hydrogen maser * Rubidium frequency standards * Mercury ion trap * Frequency stabilized lasers In the final chapter the authors discuss the impact of atomic frequency standards on navigation and communication systems, in industry, in new technology and on fundamental research.

Atomic frequency standards are very stable and accurate frequency sources. They are now used, for example, in high-speed communication, in navigation systems and in time-keeping. This study, which examines present knowledge regarding the operation of such devices, is designed to be used by the newcomer to the field as well as by the experienced researcher.

The clearest, simplest e-guide to quantum physics ever published. Discovering quantum physics has never been easier. Combining bold graphics with easy-to-understand text, Simply Quantum Physics is an essential introduction to the subject for those who are short on time but hungry for knowledge. It's a perfect beginner's e-guide to a strange and fascinating world that at times seems to conflict with common sense. Covering more than 80 key ideas from the uncertainty principle to quantum tunneling, it is divided into pared-back, single- or double-page entries that explain concepts simply and visually. Assuming no previous knowledge of physics, it demystifies some of the most groundbreaking ideas in modern science and introduces the work of some of the most famous physicists of the 20th and 21st centuries, including Albert Einstein, Neils Bohr, Erwin Schrödinger, and Richard Feynman. Whether you are studying physics at school or college, or simply want a jargon-free overview of the subject, this essential guide is packed with everything you need to understand the basics quickly and easily.

In part 2, the history of the idea of atoms is reviewed, and then the scientific evidence for their existence, with Rutherford's discovery of the atomic nucleus. The investigation of what the nucleus is like follows, including the discovery of the neutron, followed by that of the neutrino - of which there are several different kinds - and the muon as well as the pion. The important work of Paul Dirac is described, as well as the discovery of the positron and other antiparticles. The ways by which particles are discovered, by cloud chambers, bubble chambers, etc. are all explained, followed by the invention of the various machines to accelerate particles to high speeds: the cyclotron, the synchrotron, and the bigger and bigger machines, in the US as well as in Switzerland, including their storage rings.