Resource Mobilization In India And Pakistan

The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between social structure and economic performance in India and Pakistan. It seeks to establish whether the social system had a significant dysfunctional role in hindering growth in the past, and whether the situation has changed since independence. It analyses the extent to which governments in office really tried to change the social structure and the degree to which their rhetorical commitments were constrained by the inertia of tradition and by the vested interests which inherited economic and social power.

Public spending plays a key role in the economic growth and development of most developing economies. This book analyzes revenues, policy, and administration of Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM) in developing countries. It provides a broad landscape of practical examples, drawing from lessons learned in World Bank operations across Global Practices over the past several decades. It should be thought of as a starting point for a more comprehensive research agenda rather than a complete inventory itself. This book reviews the trends in tax revenue collection in developing countries. It provides an overview of efforts to close the revenue gap, many of which have been supported by World Bank operations. The book reviews the special challenges facing low income countries, which have traditionally relied on indirect revenues in the context of limited formalization of their economies. An overview of tax policy and administration reform programs is presented, with an overview of outstanding issues that will shape the policy agenda in years ahead.

South Asia has performed well over the past 25 years in reducing poverty, improving human development and increasing growth, but faster progress with poverty reduction will require a higher rate of growth. This book shows that the development performance is not a puzzle but largely explained by good policies. Countries in the region have maintained good macroeconomic environments, opened up their economies to greater domestic and international competition, and reduced the role of corrupt and inefficient public enterprises.

This latest edition of the Survey analyzes current economic and social developments in the region against the background of events in the world economy. It also focuses on the serios problems of growth and transformation of the area's least developed and Pacific Island developing economies.

This is the 11th WHO annual report which assesses the progress during 2005 towards the Millennium Development Goals targets for TB control in the world as a whole and in each WHO region and country, focusing on five key indicators of case detection, treatment success, incidence, prevalence and deaths. It includes data on case notifications and treatment outcomes from 200 national TB control programmes, and an analysis of plans, budgets, expenditures, and progress in DOTS (Directly Observed Therapy - Short Course) strategies for 22 high-burden countries. It summarises progress on initiatives including the development of public-private partnerships in TB control, human resource development, the management of drug-resistant TB, and collaborations in TB and HIV/AIDS control. Findings include that in 2005, there were 8.8 million new cases of TB, and an estimated 1.6 million deaths from TB including those co-infected with HIV. The TB incidence rate was stable or falling in all six WHO regions and had reached a peak worldwide. However, the total number of new TB cases was still rising slowly, because the case-load continued to grow in the African, Eastern Mediterranean and South-east Asia regions.