Samaritans And Jews In History And Tradition

Winner of the R.B.Y. Scott Award from the Canadian Society of Biblical Studies Even in antiquity, writers were intrigued by the origins of the people called Samaritans, living in the region of ancient Samaria (near modern Nablus). The Samaritans practiced a religion almost identical to Judaism and shared a common set of scriptures. Yet the Samaritans and Jews had little to do with each other. In a famous New Testament passage about an encounter between Jesus and a Samaritan woman, the author writes, "Jews do not share things in common with Samaritans." The Samaritans claimed to be descendants of the northern tribes of Joseph. Classical Jewish writers said, however, that they were either of foreign origin or the product of intermarriages between the few remaining northern Israelites and polytheistic foreign settlers. Some modern scholars have accepted one or the other of these ancient theories. Others have avidly debated the time and context in which the two groups split apart. Covering over a thousand years of history, this book makes an important contribution to the fields of Jewish studies, biblical studies, ancient Near Eastern studies, Samaritan studies, and early Christian history by challenging the oppositional paradigm that has traditionally characterized the historical relations between Jews and Samaritans.

This volume presents an anthology of 19 seminal studies, some for the first time in English, that explore the history and tradition of the ancient relationship between Samaritans and Jews. The book is arranged into three parts: Methods, Traditions, and History; Samaritan and Jewish Pentateuchs; and Studies in Bible and Tradition, each of which is chronologically ordered. It represents a collection of the author’s previous publications on the relationship between Samaritans and Jews, expanding and supplementing the conclusions of her published books. Recent archaeological developments on Mount Gerizim have demonstrated that our paradigms for writing the ancient histories of the kingdoms and provinces of Samaria and Judah in the Iron II, Persian, and Hellenistic periods must change. These developments also affect how we evaluate and read ancient literary traditions, and several chapters offer challenging new perspectives on well-known themes, narratives, and compositions in this subject area. Samaritans and Jews in History and Tradition: Changing Perspectives 10 will be of interest to students and scholars of biblical studies, theology, comparative religion, the ancient Near East, and in particular, Samaritan and Jewish studies.

This volume began as the John Bohlen Lectures in 1906. Contents 1 The Re-discovery of the Samaritans 2 The Land of Samaria and the City of Shechem 3 The Modern Samaritans 4 The Origin of the Samaritan Sect 5 The Samaritans under the Hellenic Empire 6 The Samaritans under the Roman Empire 7 The Samaritans under Islam 8 The Geographical Distribution of the Samaritans 9 The Samaritans in the Apocryphal Literature, the New Testament, and Josephus 10 The Samaritans in the Talmuds and Other Rabbinic Literature 11 The Talmudic Booklet, the Masseket Kutim 12 The Theology of the Samaritans 13 The Samaritan Sects: Gnosticism 14 The Languages and Literature of the Samaritans

The Gospel of John indicates that in biblical times the Jews had no dealings with the Samaritans. The hostility between these two groups is well-known by all who read the Bible, but little is known of how and when the hostility began. R.J. Coggins claims that it was not a sudden dramatic event but a long period of bitter relations that led to the Samaritans' division from the Jews. He looks again at Old Testament and Jewish literary references to Samaritans, evaluates archaeological investigations, and studies the Samaritans' own understanding of their early history.

This is the first attempt at a book-length history of the Samaritans, throughout the ages, from Old Testament times right down to the present. Along the way it tries to answer such questions as: Are the Samaritans direct descendants of the Northern Tribes of Israel? Does the Samaritan creed derive from post exilic Judaism? How did Samaritanism influence early Christianity? Are the Samaritans also a nation? What are the causes of their survival?

Papers in this volume were presented at the seventh international conference of the Société d’Études Samaritaines held at the Reformed Theological Academy of Pápa, Hungary in July 17–25, 2008. The discussed Samaritan topics permeate different areas of biblical studies: The question of the Samaritan Pentateuch has a serious impact on the textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible. The pre-Samaritan text-type among the Dead Sea Scrolls, as well as the dating and isolation of Samaritan features of the Samaritan Pentateuch provide fresh and important data for gaining a better understanding of the composition of the Torah/Pentateuch. New reconstructions of the early history of the Samaritans have a great effect on the history of the Jewish people in the Persian and Hellenistic period. As a distinct group in the centuries around the turn of the Common Era in Palestine, Samaritans played an important role in the social and religious formation of early Judaism and early Christianity. Living for centuries under Islamic rule, Samaritans provide a good example of linguistic, cultural and religious developments experienced by ethnic and religious group in Islamic contexts.

The editor of "St. Anthony Messenger" magazine for many years, Fr. McCloskey has answered many questions in his "Ask a Franciscan" column. He mines that wealth of material to find the most helpful questions and answers for readers to help them see the connection between their faith and their spiritual growth as disciples of Jesus Christ.

The articles in this volume originated from lectures given in two meetings devoted to the Samaritans. The first was the sixth conference of the Société d’Etudes Samaritaines, which took place at the University of Haifa in July 2004. The second meeting was part of the SBL International Conference in Vienna, July 2007. The volume reflects the current state of research on the Samaritans. It presents a wide spectrum of approaches, including historical questions, the political, religious and social context of the Samaritans in the past and present, linguistic approaches, the role of the Samaritans in the Talmudic literature, and questions of identity of the Samaritans up to now.