School Based Curriculum In China

This book first develops a framework to understand the curriculum administration system in China. It describes the historical process of localizing school-based curricula as well as the significance and positioning of school-based curricula, and presents in detail cases of how three types of school-based curriculum were developed and implemented in Chinese schools. The book outlines for the first time best practices in school-based curriculum development in China, i.e. how to make a holistic curriculum plan, how to design a curriculum, and how to develop a course in the context of a school-based curriculum. By discussing these three aspects, it clearly summarizes the strategies and technologies for school-based curriculum development, which are applicable across contexts. Although the concept originated outside China, school-based curriculum development in China differs from that in other countries both in theory and practice. This book equips readers with theoretical and practical knowledge of how to develop school-based curricula and how to generate experiences for new curriculum development. This timely book is a valuable resource for researchers, curriculum designers, school teachers and others who are interested in school-based curriculum development.

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This book provides a holistic picture of how Chinese turnaround schools have been remarkably improved over the years and to arouse further discussion in this regard. It contributes to the understanding of school improvement from a Chinese cultural perspective, solidifies the knowledge basis of school change theories, and expands the understanding of educational administration and policies in China.

This open access handbook brings together the latest research from a wide range of internationally influential scholars to analyze educational policy research from international, historical and interdisciplinary perspectives. By effectively breaking through the boundaries between countries and disciplines, it presents new theories, techniques and methods for contemporary education policy, and illustrates the educational policies and educational reform practices that various countries have introduced to meet the challenges of continuous change. This volume focuses on policies and changes in schools and classrooms. The studies on school changes present the differences in the policies and challenges of K-12 schools and universities in different countries and regions, and in connection with the contradictions and conflicts between tradition and modernization, as well as the changing roles of various stakeholders, especially that of teachers. In terms of curriculum and instruction, many countries have undertaken experiments and introduced changes based on two major themes: “what to teach” and “how to teach”. International education assessments represented by PISA not only promote the improvement and extensive application of educational assessment and testing techniques, but have also had far-reaching impacts on education policies and education reforms in many countries. Focusing on the changes in educational policies at the micro level, this volume comprehensively reveals the complex interactions between school organizations, teachers, curricula, teaching and learning, evaluation and other elements within the education system, as well as the latest related reforms worldwide.

This book explores the overall landscape of compulsory education policy development in China from multiple perspectives to uncover the stages, features, problems and suggestions in Chinese compulsory education system, locally, nationally and internationally. In addition, this book also presents specific historical educational policy shifts for policymakers and stakeholders to investigate the compulsory education strategy over the long term. Specifically, the Chinese compulsory education policy landscape involves investigating changes to the legal environment, management policies, as well as practices for teachers and curriculum and teaching materials. These discussions contribute to the readers’ comprehensive and systematic understanding of compulsory education policy development in contemporary China.

This book investigates the education policy in Chinese high schools from both concept and practice perspectives. It offers a specific lens to explore Chinese high school education since the reform and opening up, the teacher policy in Chinese high schools, the curriculum and textbook policy in Chinese high school, the school layout policy of Chinese high school education, the enrollment policy of college entrance examination, and the diversified development of high school education in China. All those dimensions related to exploring the education policy in Chinese high schools offer an understanding of the modernization of high school education in contemporary China since 1949. This book provides multiple perspective to investigate the systematic landscape of high school education, contextually.

Curriculum reform has played a central role in the educational changes in contemporary China. The government of the People's Republic of China, being at the centre of the centralized educational administration system, assumes the responsibility for designing and organizing the systemic reform initiatives. This is especially the case for what has been happening since the end of 1990s. At the turn of the new millennium, the Chinese government initiated the new round of national curriculum reform (NCR) for basic education which is also the eighth round of nation-wide curriculum reform since the founding of the Peoples' Republic of China. This book will give insightful information on the state of Educational programs in China's immediate future and written by many educators in China's learning system.

Chinese moral education reform in the last three decades represents the most significant decentralization of decision-making power since the foundation of People’s Republic of China in 1949. On one hand, it shows how de-politicized China’s moral education curriculum has become following the introduction of China’s “Open-door” policy and economic reforms and the resultant social transformations. On the other hand, it reveals persistent problems in moral education caused by political stresses and tight state control. To explain these tensions, Power and Moral Education in China analyzes the characteristics of power relationships in school moral education curriculum goal-setting, content and pedagogy selection, and implementation. The ultimate purpose is to identify not only what factors impact Chinese moral education curriculum decision-making at the school level, but also how and why. Through a multiple case study conducted during 2008 in three schools in Shenzhen City, and based on four major data collection instruments (observation, interview, questionnaire, and document review), Wangbei Ye analyzes how power relationships have evolved in school moral education, and how and why school power affects school moral education. Contrary to the common belief that Chinese schools are passively impacted by external forces in moral education curriculum development, this book suggests that school power is a “semi-emancipatory relationship” that acts as a major force shaping moral education. This means that although both the Chinese Communist Party and the state are positioned to control schools and moral education, schools nonetheless have the power to either negotiate for more influence, or partly emancipate themselves by collaborating with other external forces, responding to grass-root needs, empowering school teachers and adjusting internal school management style. This helps to explain the influence of Chinese schools in moral education and suggests a broader theory of power relationships in curriculum.