Silence Int Rieur

Last year I addressed the Netherlands Comparative Law Asso ciation with the following question: 'Does Comparative Law Exist At All?' (My intention then was to flog the dead (?) horse of the merger of comparative law and the sociology of law. ) In presenting this voluminous collection of Netherlands national reports to the eleventh congress of the Internatio nal Academy of Comparative Law I feel my misgivings giving way to the suspicion, that comparative law indeed exists. Of course national reports do not, as such, prove the exist ence of comparative law. It is the general reports together with the national reports, which embody the comparative effort. That is why the Netherlands Comparative Law Associa tion took the initiative to propose the publishing of the materials on a subject to subject basis instead of publish ing collections of national reports. From a comparative legal point of view, it is the topic that should form the basis of the publication, and not the origin of the materials. The general reporter for each topic should be prepared to take up the responsabilities of editing the volume, and would have to be given the right to select those national reports which he considers to be useful both in regard to their quality and the relevance of the material to the basic problems in the questionnaire. This proposal met with very favourable comments from the na tional committees and general reporters of some fifteen coun tries.

This volume contains the papers presented at the International Symposium on Fluorescein Angiography held in Ghent, from 28 march to 1 april 1976, under the presidency of Prof. J. Fran90is. The book has been divided in several chapters corresponding to the sessions of the meeting. The same order has been followed as for the pre sentation of the papers. The discussions, however, immediately follow the papers concerned. During the meeting complications of fluorescein angio graphy have been discussed; this part will be presented as a separate chapter at the end of the volume. I wish to express my gratitude to all who contributed to this volume and to all the participants of ISF A-Ghent. I acknowledge also the cooperation of the publishers Dr. W. Junk, B.V. J.J. De Laey, M.D. XI EDITORIAL We must be respectfully grateful to Her Majesty the Queen, who very kindly extended her high patronage to the International Symposium on Fluorescein Angiography.

L'institutionnalisation et l'organisation d'un ordre juridique sur un mode représentatif impliquent un processus de différenciation fonctionnelle entre représentés et représentants permettant la réduction de la multiplicité à l'unité. La personne morale apparaît comme le terme réunificateur de tout système representative. Dans l'ordre international, ce processus est perturbé par la présence, dans les organs intergouvernementaux, de représentants d'Etat qui sont autant d'organes des Etats membres, présence prolongée par le consentement aux actes adoptés en leur sein. Quel en est donc le sujet d'imputation : l'organisation ou ses membres ? Une théorie de l'acte doit être développée au coeur de la théorie de l'organe pour démontrer que l'organisation internationale est la personnification juridique d'une collectivité d'Etats dotée d'un système représentatif, et n'est que cela. La qualité de partie à un traité constitutif et de membre d'une organisation internationale ne prive l'Etat d'aucun des attributs de la souveraineté dans l'ordre international. Au contraire, la faculté d'investir un sujet de droit de compétences nouvelles est précisément un attribut de la souveraineté : l'organisation est tout entière une création des Etats membres. Leur souveraineté n'inhibe pas le processus de personnification de l'organisation qui, en retour, ne la confisque pas : la souveraineté et la relativité des rapports juridiques demeurent les principes régulateurs de l'ordre international.

The Laughing People, translated from the award-winning Le peuple rieur, conveys the richness and resilience of the Innu while reminding us of the forces – old and new – that threaten their community. This memoir and tribute tells the tale of the very long journey of a very small nation, recounting both its joie de vivre and its crosses borne. Readers follow Serge Bouchard, a young anthropologist in the 1970s, as he arrives in Ekuanitshit (Mingan, Quebec) and comes to know its residents. His observations and questions document a community weathering yet another season of change – skidoos replace dogsleds and forests are bulldozed for prefabricated housing – while nonetheless defying external pressures to assimilate or disappear altogether. Returning to these texts fifty years later, Bouchard moves beyond platitudes of strength and dives into wide-scale injustices to present the sacrifices and beauty of the Innu people on individual terms. Whether recounting the impact of the residential school system on Georges Mestokosho, the wave of Innu activism inspired by An Antane Kapesh, or the uncelebrated work of women like Nishapet Enim, The Laughing People presents an opportunity for readers to be part of the preservation and proliferation of these important stories.