Singapore S Defence Policy In The New Millennium

This book provides a comprehensive assessment of the global diffusion of the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) and its impact on military innovation trajectories in small states. Although the 'Revolution in Military Affairs' (RMA) concept has enjoyed significant academic attention, the varying paths and patterns of military innovation in divergent strategic settings have been overlooked. This book seeks to rectify this gap by addressing the broad puzzle of how the global diffusion of RMA-oriented military innovation – the process of international transmission, communication, and interaction of RMA-related military concepts, organizations, and technologies - has shaped the paths, patterns, and scope of military innovation of selected small states. In a reverse mode, how have selected small states influenced the conceptualization and transmission of the RMA theory, processes, and debate? Using Israel, Singapore and South Korea as case studies, this book argues that RMA-oriented military innovation paths in small states indicate predominantly evolutionary trajectory, albeit with a varying patterns resulting from the confluence of three sets of variables: (1) the level of strategic, organizational, and operational adaptability in responding to shifts in the geostrategic and regional security environment; (2) the ability to identify, anticipate, exploit, and sustain niche military innovation – select conceptual, organizational, and technological innovation intended to enhance the military’s ability to prepare for, fight, and win wars, and (3) strategic culture. While the book represents relevant empirical cases for testing the validity of the RMA diffusion hypotheses, from a policy-oriented perspective, this book argues that these case studies offer lessons learned in coping with the security and defence management challenges posed by military innovation in general. This book will be of much interest for students of military innovation, strategic studies, defence studies, Asian politics, Middle Eastern politics and security studies in general.

This book examines the processes, practices and principles of defence planning in small and middle powers. Small and middle powers are recalibrating their force postures in this age of disruption. They are adapting their defence planning and military innovation processes to protect the security of their nations. The purpose of this book is to explore defence planning and military innovation in 11 contemporary case studies of small and middle powers in North America, Europe, the Middle East, Asia and Oceania. Employing a structured focused comparison framework, it traces patterns in the choices of small and middle powers across the following themes: (1) alliances, dependencies and national ambitions; (2) approaches, processes, methods and techniques; and (3) military innovation strategies and outcomes. Breaking new theoretical ground, it offers a three-pronged typology distinguishing between the strategic defence planner, the transactional defence planners and the complacent defence planner. The book offers a rich array of insights into cases that fall across different geographies, strategic cultures and governance systems. These insights can help guide discussions on how to structure decision-making structures, arrive at ambition levels, formulate priorities, select partners and design defence planning and military innovation processes. This book will be of much interest to students of defence studies, security studies, public policy and international relations, as well as to professionals in defence planning.

"Grew out of a one-day conference ... organized by the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies in August 1999. Eight papers were presented at that conference, of which seven were selected, revised in 2001 and now appear as chapters in this book [together with] three more ... and also reflecting on the significance of the 2001 general election."--Pref.

This edited volume explores and analyses strategic thinking, military reform and adaptation in an era of Asian growth, European austerity and US rebalancing. A significant shift in policy, strategy and military affairs is underway in both Asia and Europe, with the former gaining increasing prominence in the domain of global security. At the same time, the world’s powers are now faced with an array of diverse challenges. The resurgence of great power politics in both Europe and Asia, along with the long term threats of terrorism, piracy and sustained geopolitical instability has placed great strain on militaries and security institutions operating with constrained budgets and wary public support. The volume covers a wide range of case studies, including the transformation of China’s military in the 21st century, the internal and external challenges facing India, Russia’s military modernization program and the USA’s reassessment of its strategic interests. In doing so, the book provides the reader with the opportunity to conceptualize how strategic thinking, military reform, operational adaptation and technological integration have interacted with the challenges outlined above. With contributions by leading scholars and practitioners from Europe and Asia, this book provides a valuable contribution to the understanding of strategic and operational thinking and adjustment across the world. This book will be of much interest to students of military and strategic studies, security studies, defence studies, Asian politics, Russian politics, US foreign policy and IR in general.

This volume commemorates the 50th anniversary of the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre (SDSC). The Centre is Australia’s largest body of scholars dedicated to the analysis of the use of armed force in its political context and one of the earliest generation of post-World War II research institutions on strategic affairs. The book features chapters replete with stories of university politics, internal SDSC activities, cooperation among people with different social and political values, and conflicts between others, as well as the Centre’s public achievements. It also details the evolution of strategic studies in Australia and the contribution of academia and defence intellectuals to national defence policy.

For students of Strategic Studies in small countries with limited financial, human and military resources, the available literature on Strategic Studies, in particular texts that seek to explain the key concepts and components of Strategic Studies, can be very alien in its focus to the strategic conditions and issues that these countries face.This book contains a collection of essays that seeks to discuss key concepts in Strategic Studies, as well as contemporary challenges in strategy and defence policy, from the perspective of small states. It is based on the idea — derived from the German philosopher of war, Carl von Clausewitz — that there is a distinction between logic and grammar: while the field of Strategic Studies contains a number of key concepts (such as geopolitics and geostrategy, strategic culture, arms dynamics and the phenomenon of military modernization) that are universal in logic, the grammar (that is, the specific manifestations of these concepts) in the contexts of small states is necessarily different from larger, more materially endowed, states.Related Link(s)

Perspectives on the Security of Singapore: The First 50 Years explores the security of Singapore in the last 50 years and its possible trajectories into the future. This volume brings together the diverse perspectives of a team of academics with different expertise, ranging from history to political science to security studies with a common interest in Singapore. The book is further boosted by the recollections of key civil servants involved with foreign affairs and defence, such as S R Nathan, Peter Ho, Bilahari Kausikan and Philip Yeo. Contents:IntroductionPart 1:Singapore's Conception of Security (Ang Cheng Guan)National Security and Singapore: An Assessment (Norman Vasu and Bernard Loo)Deliquescent Security Threats: Singapore in the Era of Hyper-Globalisation (Alan Chong)Singapore and Global Governance: Free-Rider or Responsible Stakeholder? (Tan See Seng)The Challenge of Strategic Intelligence for the Singapore Armed Forces (Kwa Chong Guan)Desecuritisation and after Desecuritisation: The Water Issue in Singapore–Malaysia Relations (S R Joey Long)Singapore's Security in the Context of Singapore–Malaysia–Indonesia Relations (Bilveer Singh)Singapore's Relations with Malaysia and Indonesia (Theophilus Kwek and Joseph Chinyong Liow)International Missions of the Singapore Armed Forces: How Far Would You Go? (Katie Tan and Ong Weichong)Why the FPDA Still Matters to Singapore (Ralf Emmers)Singapore in ASEAN's Quest toward a Security Community (Mely Caballero-Anthony)Singapore and the Great Powers (Khong Yuen Foong)The Changing Terrorist Threat Landscape in Singapore (Rohan Gunaratna)Managing Religious Diversity in Singapore: Context and Challenges (Mohammad Alami Musa and Mohamed Imran Mohamed Taib)Part 2:Personal ReminiscencesSafeguarding Singapore's Security: Defence and Diplomacy (S R Nathan)Organising for National Security — The Singapore Experience (Peter Ho)Pragmatic Adaptation, Not Grand Strategy, Shaped Singapore Foreign Policy (Bilahari Kausikan)Dr Goh Keng Swee and the Building of Singapore's Defence Industrial Capability (Philip Yeo)Conclusion: Strategic Certainties Facing Singapore in 2065 (Barry Desker) Readership: Undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and academics, and general public interested in security studies in general and in Singapore. Key Features:This is possibly the first scholarly collective effort/book on the subject of security of SingaporeThe contributors are academics within (and associated with) the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS), the only school cum think-tank that specialises in security issues in SingaporeThe contributors include former top civil servants who played a significant role in the shaping and conduct of Singapore's foreign and defence policiesKeywords:Security;Foreign Policy;Singapore