Social Conflict And Educational Change In England And France 1789 1848 By Michalina Vaughan And Margaret Scotford Archer

This book analyses the processes of educational change in England and France by relating political, social, economic and ideological trends to the changing pattern of educational institutions from the time of the Industrial and French revolutions. The authors first assess the relevance of major sociological theories for the interpretation of the main trends in education in both countries in the first half of the nineteenth century. They then put forward an alternative approach, derived from Weber, which links educational change with social conflict. This theory of domination and assertion of groups competing for control over formal instruction before the emergence of the state system is applied to England and France in this period. The main part of the book is devoted to a more detailed analysis of the competing groups in both countries and of their ideologies which served as blueprints for educational reform.

First published in 1979, this now classic text presents a major study of the development of educational systems, focusing in detail on those of England, Denmark, France, and Russia - chosen because of their present educational differences and the historical diversity of their cultures and social structures. Professor Archer goes on to provide a theoretical framework which accounts for the major characteristics of national education and the principal changes that such systems have undergone. Now with a new introduction, Social Origins of Educational Systems is vital reading for all those interested in the sociology of education. Previously published reviews: 'A large-scale masterly study, this book is the most important contribution to the sociology of education since the second world war as well as being a substantial contribution to the consolidation of sociology itself.' - The Economist 'I cannot improve on her own statement of what she is trying to do: 'The sociological contribution consists in providing a theoretical account of macroscopic patterns of change in terms of the structural and cultural factors which produce and sustain them'...Unquestionably, this book is an impressive work of scholarship, well planned conceptually and uniting its theoretical base with a set of four thoroughly and interestingly researched case-studies of the history of the educational systems of Denmark, England, France and Russia.' - British Journal of the Sociology of Education 'This magnificent treatise seriously explores many of the most recalcitrant questions about institutional systems.' - Journal of Curriculum Studies 'A gargantuan and impressive socio-historical enterprise.' - Encounter '...a major achievement.' - New Society

"A statue of Horace Mann, erected in front of the Boston State House in 1863, declares him the "Father of the American Public School System." For over a century and a half, most narratives about early American education have proceeded as if this epithet were true. It has been etched into the general American consciousness as surely as it has been etched into the stone pedestal on which Mann stands. As Mann looms over the Boston Common, so he has loomed over discussions of early American schooling. The Common School Awakening offers a new narrative about the rise of public schools in America. The story begins before Horace Mann ever entered the scene as the first Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education. In the first half of the nineteenth century a broad and distinctly American religious consensus emerged, allowing people from across the religious spectrum to cooperate in systematizing and professionalizing America's schools, all in an effort to Christianize the country. At the height of this movement, several states introduced state-sponsored teacher training colleges and concentrated government oversight of schools in offices such as the one held by Mann. Shortly thereafter, the religious consensus that had served as the foundation for this common school system disintegrated. But the system itself remained, the legacy not just of one man, but of a whole network of reformers who put into motion a transatlantic and transdenominational religious movement - the "Common School Awakening.""--

This handbook offers a global view of the historical development of educational institutions, systems of schooling, ideas about education, and educational experiences. Its 36 chapters consider changing scholarship in the field, examine nationally-oriented works by comparing themes and approaches, lend international perspective on a range of issues in education, and provide suggestions for further research and analysis. Like many other subfields of historical analysis, the history of education has been deeply affected by global processes of social and political change, especially since the 1960s. The handbook weighs the influence of various interpretive perspectives, including revisionist viewpoints, taking particular note of changes in the past half century. Contributors consider how schooling and other educational experiences have been shaped by the larger social and political context, and how these influences have affected the experiences of students, their families and the educators who have worked with them. The Handbook provides insight and perspective on a wide range of topics, including pre-modern education, colonialism and anti-colonial struggles, indigenous education, minority issues in education, comparative, international, and transnational education, childhood education, non-formal and informal education, and a range of other issues. Each contribution includes endnotes and a bibliography for readers interested in further study.

India has the largest number of non-schoolgoing working children in the world. Why has the government not removed them from the labor force and required that they attend school, as have the governments of all developed and many developing countries? To answer this question, this major comparative study first looks at why and when other states have intervened to protect children against parents and employers. By examining Europe of the nineteenth century, the United States, Japan, and a number of developing countries, Myron Weiner rejects the argument that children were removed from the labor force only when the incomes of the poor rose and employers needed a more skilled labor force. Turning to India, the author shows that its policies arise from fundamental beliefs, embedded in the culture, rather than from economic conditions. Identifying the specific values that elsewhere led educators, social activists, religious leaders, trade unionists, military officers, and government bureaucrats to make education compulsory and to end child labor, he explains why similar groups in India do not play the same role.

Tymieniecka's phenomenology of life reverses current priorities, stressing the primogenital role of aesthetic enjoyment, rather than cognition, as typifying the Human Condition. The present collection offers clues to a crucial breakthrough in the perennial uncertainties about the powers and prerogatives of the human mind. It proposes human creativity as the pivot of the mind's genesis and its endowment. In the midst of the current defiance of the transcendental certainties of cognition, this turn to the creative act of the human being represents a radical reversion to an approach to human powers that is predominated by the aesthetic virtualities of the Human Condition. The collection lays down the foundations for a new discovery of the human mind, addressing the `plumbing' of the functional system that originates in the creative potentiality of the Human Condition, undercutting the currently prevalent empirical reductionism.