Spaces Of Fundamental And Generalized Functions

Spaces of Fundamental and Generalized Functions, Volume 2, analyzes the general theory of linear topological spaces. The basis of the theory of generalized functions is the theory of the so-called countably normed spaces (with compatible norms), their unions (inductive limits), and also of the spaces conjugate to the countably normed ones or their unions. This set of spaces is sufficiently broad on the one hand, and sufficiently convenient for the analyst on the other. The book opens with a chapter that discusses the theory of these spaces. This is followed by separate chapters on fundamental and generalized functions, Fourier transformations of fundamental and generalized functions, and spaces of type S.

The first systematic theory of generalized functions (also known as distributions) was created in the early 1950s, although some aspects were developed much earlier, most notably in the definition of the Green's function in mathematics and in the work of Paul Dirac on quantum electrodynamics in physics. The six-volume collection, Generalized Functions, written by I. M. Gel'fand and co-authors and published in Russian between 1958 and 1966, gives an introduction to generalized functions and presents various applications to analysis, PDE, stochastic processes, and representation theory. Volume 2 is devoted to detailed study of generalized functions as linear functionals on appropriate spaces of smooth test functions. In Chapter 1, the authors introduce and study countable-normed linear topological spaces, laying out a general theoretical foundation for the analysis of spaces of generalized functions. The two most important classes of spaces of test functions are spaces of compactly supported functions and Schwartz spaces of rapidly decreasing functions. In Chapters 2 and 3 of the book, the authors transfer many results presented in Volume 1 to generalized functions corresponding to these more general spaces. Finally, Chapter 4 is devoted to the study of the Fourier transform; in particular, it includes appropriate versions of the Paley-Wiener theorem.