Super Resolution Imaging In Biomedicine

This book encompasses the full breadth of the super-resolution imaging field, representing modern techniques that exceed the traditional diffraction limit, thereby opening up new applications in biomedicine. It shows readers how to use the new tools to increase resolution in sub-nanometer-scale images of living cells and tissue, which leads to new information about molecules, pathways and dynamics. The book highlights the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques, and gives state-of-the-art examples of applications using microscopes currently available on the market. It covers key techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED), structured illumination microscopy (SSIM), photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM), and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM). It will be a useful reference for biomedical researchers who want to work with super-resolution imaging, learn the proper technique for their application, and simultaneously obtain a solid footing in other techniques.

This book encompasses the full breadth of the super-resolution imaging field, representing modern techniques that exceed the traditional diffraction limit, thereby opening up new applications in biomedicine. It shows readers how to use the new tools to increase resolution in sub-nanometer-scale images of living cells and tissue, which leads to new information about molecules, pathways and dynamics. The book highlights the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques, and gives state-of-the-art examples of applications using microscopes currently available on the market. It covers key techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED), structured illumination microscopy (SSIM), photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM), and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM). It will be a useful reference for biomedical researchers who want to work with super-resolution imaging, learn the proper technique for their application, and simultaneously obtain a solid footing in other techniques.

Imaging is everywhere. We use our eyes to see and cameras to take pictures. Scientists use microscopes and telescopes to peer into cells and out to space. Doctors use ultrasound, X-rays, radioisotopes, and MRI to look inside our bodies. If you are curious about imaging, open this textbook to learn the fundamentals. Imaging is a powerful tool in fundamental and applied scientific research and also plays a crucial role in medical diagnostics, treatment, and research. This undergraduate textbook introduces cutting-edge imaging techniques and the physics underlying them. Elementary concepts from electromagnetism, optics, and modern physics are used to explain prominent forms of light microscopy, as well as endoscopy, ultrasound, projection radiography and computed tomography, radionuclide imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging. This textbook also covers digital image processing and analysis. Theoretical principles are reinforced with illustrative homework problems, applications, activities, and experiments, and by emphasizing recurring themes, including the effects of resolution, contrast, and noise on image quality. Readers will learn imaging fundamentals, diagnostic capabilities, and strengths and weaknesses of techniques. This textbook had its genesis, and has been vetted, in a "Biomedical Imaging" course at Lewis & Clark College in Portland, OR, and is designed to facilitate the teaching of similar courses at other institutions. It is unique in its coverage of both optical microscopy and medical imaging at an intermediate level, and exceptional in its coverage of material at several levels of sophistication.

This volume presents current advanced technologies and methods used in super-resolution microscopy. The chapters in this book cover a wide range of topics such as introducing super-resolution microscopy into a core facility; two-photon STED microscopy for nanoscale imaging of neural morphology in vivo; correlative SIM-STORM microscopy; two-color single-molecule tracking in live cells; and correlative single molecule localization microscopy and confocal microscopy. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Super-Resolution Microscopy: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for both established and novel researchers and users in this field.

Nano-Optics: Fundamentals, Experimental Methods, and Applications offers insights into the fundamentals and industrial applications of nanoscale light-emitting materials and their composites. This book serves as a reference, offering an overview of existing research, with a particular focus on industrial applications. Nano-optics is the branch of nanoscience and nanotechnology that deals with interaction of light with nanoscale objects. This book explores the materials, structure, manufacturing techniques, and industrial applications of nano-optics. The applications discussed include healthcare, communication, astronomy, and satellites. Explains the major manufacturing techniques for light-emitting nanoscale materials Discusses how nanoscale optical materials are being used in a range of industrial applications Assesses the challenges of using nano-optics in a mass-production context

This book presents the advances in super-resolution microscopy in physics and biomedical optics for nanoscale imaging. In the last decade, super-resolved fluorescence imaging has opened new horizons in improving the resolution of optical microscopes far beyond the classical diffraction limit, leading to the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2014. This book represents the first comprehensive review of a different type of super-resolved microscopy, which does not rely on using fluorescent markers. Such label-free super-resolution microscopy enables potentially even broader applications in life sciences and nanoscale imaging, but is much more challenging and it is based on different physical concepts and approaches. A unique feature of this book is that it combines insights into mechanisms of label-free super-resolution with a vast range of applications from fast imaging of living cells to inorganic nanostructures. This book can be used by researchers in biological and medical physics. Due to its logically organizational structure, it can be also used as a teaching tool in graduate and upper-division undergraduate-level courses devoted to super-resolved microscopy, nanoscale imaging, microscopy instrumentation, and biomedical imaging.

The book focuses on various detection targets applied in single cell studies, including tumor tissue cells, circulating tumor cells (CTCs), disseminated tumor cells (DTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and cancer stem cells (CSCs). It also discusses and compares detection methods using these detection targets in different fields to reveal single cell biomedical functions. The volume focuses not only on the methods already been established and validated, and also the methods newly developed. The book also highlights the importance and potential of single cell biomedicine in the development and validation of precision medicine strategies. It is useful for researchers and students in the field of cell biology, molecular medicine and precision medicine etc.

Praise for the First Edition “essential reading for any physical scientist who is interested in performing biological research.” ―Contemporary Physics "an ambitious text.... Each chapter contains protocols and the conceptual reasoning behind them, which is often useful to physicists performing biological experiments for the first time." –Physics Today This fully updated and expanded text is the best starting point for any student or researcher in the physical sciences to gain firm grounding in the techniques employed in molecular biophysics and quantitative biology. It includes brand new chapters on gene expression techniques, advanced techniques in biological light microscopy (super-resolution, two-photon, and fluorescence lifetime imaging), holography, and gold nanoparticles used in medicine. The author shares invaluable practical tips and insider’s knowledge to simplify potentially confusing techniques. The reader is guided through easy-to-follow examples carried out from start to finish with practical tips and insider’s knowledge. The emphasis is on building comfort with getting hands "wet" with basic methods and finally understanding when and how to apply or adapt them to address different questions. Jay L. Nadeau is a scientific researcher and head of the Biomedical Engineering in Advanced Applications of Quantum, Oscillatory, and Nanotechnological Systems (BEAAQONS) lab at Caltech and was previously associate professor of biomedical engineering and physics at McGill University.