Sustainable Development Goals In Laos

This book provides an insight on the development of Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR or Laos) under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) since 2015 by analyzing how the SDGs have shaped Lao domestic institutions and developed policies. It also investigates the relationship and partnership of the Lao government and the international community as a partner. Post-socialist approach is applied to reveal the politics of development and legitimation. Moreover, this book contributes an in-depth discussion on Lao development that serves as a point of reference for scholars who are interested in Laos and Southeast Asian studies. ABOUT THE SERIES Developments in the field of area studies - goaded by the analytical deconstruction of world regions from their geopolitical sense - have deeply affected the knowledge production from societies and cultures located in the politicized compartmentalization of the globe. With this series, the editors and authors wish to contribute to a reformulation of sensibilities in area studies which emphasizes the epistemic value of contextualized knowledge production. Starting with the notion of Southeast Asia, books published in this series will contribute to a more nuanced understanding of regionality based on a multidisciplinary approach. The series represents an outlet for young scholars intending to publish their degree theses; and for established scholars who are looking for a place to republish out-of-print books. We also encourage scholarly collectives from the regions to publish collaborative works or edited volumes on topics that usually will not attract the attention of big presses due to their transdisciplinary orientation. EDITORIAL BOARD Prof. Caroline S. Hau Prof. Vincent Houben Prof. Boike Rehbein Prof. Barend Terwiel Dr. Xue Li Dr. Benjamin Baumann Dr. Daniel Bultmann

This book provides an insight on the development of Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR or Laos) under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) since 2015 by analyzing how the SDGs have shaped Lao domestic institutions and developed policies. It also investigates the relationship and partnership of the Lao government and the international community as a partner. Post-socialist approach is applied to reveal the politics of development and legitimation. Moreover, this book contributes an in-depth discussion on Lao development that serves as a point of reference for scholars who are interested in Laos and Southeast Asian studies.

Over the last thirty years, Laos has made remarkable progress in implementing economic reforms and building the institutions necessary for a market economy, culminating in accession to Asean in 1997 and to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2013. The purpose of this book is first to outline the Laos' economic transformation from 1986 to present and then to examine the positioning of Laos in the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). It also proposes to explore how the AEC will impact Laos and how the country is expected to benefit from the free flow of goods, services, investments, and skilled labor, and the freer movement of capital across the region. Now Laos is entering in a new phase of growth that will create an opportunity to achieve the regional connectivity, its socioeconomic development strategy until 2025 and the government Vision 2030, but it also perceives constraints in numerous aspects. Laos' Path Towards the AEC highlights in what way the country can respond to these economic changes and the regional integration, including the implication for its processing industries, market prospect, obstacles, threats, and competitiveness. The book also addresses the major forces driving sustainable development and identifies twelve key challenges Laos will face in the years to come, projects Laos' standing in the future, and concludes by briefly summarizing some concrete recommendations and challenges to overcome.

This volume studies the governance and implementation of the sustainable development goals in Southeast Asia, in particular the difficulties in the shift from the international to the national, the multi-level challenges of implementation, and the involvement of stakeholders, civil society, and citizens in the process.

Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) has made significant headway on its development path over the past three decades. The country’s sustained economic growth has been led by booming commodity exports and substantial inflows of external financing. Many Laotians have seen significant improvements in their well-being. Poverty has declined as household income has increased, and many important development goals in education and health have been achieved. In the face of macroeconomic challenges, a shift from commodity-driven growth to a more inclusive prosperity paradigm that emphasises the creation of broad-based opportunities, human capital development and green sustainability can unlock Lao PDR’s future development. This report presents priorities for overcoming the country’s current fiscal constraints and finding ways to fund this shift. Recommendations address strengthening Lao PDR’s sustainable finance and debt management, revenue generation and tax reform, investment promotion, and data capacity in order to tap into green finance mechanisms.

Key messagesLao People's Democratic Republic (hereafter "Lao PDR") was the first country in Asia to submit its NDC, doing so in September 2015. Building on national development and environmental protection policies, the country aimed to make full use of existing institutional capacity and financial resources, and embed NDC targets in existing policies and planning.To date, NDC results have been mixed. The initial target for 90% of the rural population having access to electricity has already been exceeded with the figure now at 95%, while the forestry target of 70% forest cover has yet to be achieved.Political commitment is strong. The Government designated the Department of Climate Change (DCC) under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE) to become the national focal point for coordinating NDC implementation in Lao PDR. The Government has also issued a number of related laws and regulations, such as the new forestry law in June 2019 and the Decree on Climate Change in September 2019.Major challenges impeding the country's efforts to achieve its forestry sector NDC targets are persistent and similar to those identified 10 years ago. These are: policies and measures to address major drivers of deforestation and forest degradation not being fully implemented on the ground; poor coordination between key sectors; a lack of accurate and available data and credible methodologies for measuring outcomes; inadequate institutional arrangements for sustainable forest management and community participation; as well as a lack of available funds for implementing proposed activities.In order to achieve and enhance current NDC target ambitions, policies, measures and enabling conditions for transformational change (e.g. funding availability, national ownership, cross-sector collaboration, results-based payment mechanisms, and clarity over carbon and non-carbon benefits) need to be in place.Knowledge gaps that need addressing in order to provide credible evidence for the Government and donors to revise and adapt NDC targets, and better implement the NDC include: rigorous impact assessments of existing policies and initiatives on forest protection and development outcomes; and an integrated sectoral assessment on how realistic and feasible NDC targets could be achieved in supporting the National Green Growth Strategy and Sustainable Development Goals by mainstreaming Climate Change into national socio-economic development plans, vis-à-vis Paris Agreement ambition targets in each period.