The Class Struggles In France 1848 1850

The revolutions of 1848 which broke out across the world are among the landmark events of the nineteenth century. The experiences of this tumultuous period helped to crystallise and sharpen the ideas of Marx and Engels. Written in the midst of events, in a profound and detailed application of historical materialism, Marx reveals that the political and social changes taking place in revolutionary and counter-revolutionary France have their root in the economic changes affecting European capitalism. Included is Engels' uncensored introduction to the 1895 edition. Here, Engels provides historical context and shows how this period relates to subsequent events in France – including the Paris Commune – as well as explaining the development of Marx and Engels' own conception of scientific socialism.

Support Struggle for Public Domain: like and share http://facebook.com/BookLiberationFrontMarx's The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850 consists of a series of articles written between January and October 1850 specially for the Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Politisch-ökonomische Revue and published in it under the general title "1848-1849." This is a most important work summing up the results of the 1848-49 revolution. In preparation for this work, Marx used French newspaper reports, reports published in the Neue Rheinische Zeitung, and accounts given by witnesses - French and German revolutionary refugees, among them Ferdinand Wolff, the Neue Rheinische Zeitung Paris correspondent, and another Communist League member, Sebastian Seiler, who was a stenographer to the French National Assembly in 1848 and 1849 and wrote a pamphlet on the events of June 13, 1849, which he presented to Marx. Marx was also probably familiar with Ledru-Rollin's pamphlet on the same subject.According to the original plan the work was to consist of four articles: "The Defeat of June 1848," "June 13, 1849," "Repercussions of June 13 on the Continent" and "Current Situation; England." However, in Nos. 1, 2 and 3 of the journal only three articles were published: "The Defeat of June 1848," "June 13, 1849" and "Consequences of June 13, 1849." The influence of the June 1849 events on the Continent and the situation in England were treated in other items of the journal. particularly in the international reviews written jointly by Marx and Engels.The work was not reprinted in full during Marx's lifetime. In 1895 it came out in book form in Berlin, with an Introduction by Engels. The title The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850 was given by Engels and the work has since appeared under this title in various languages. In the 1895 edition, Engels added the fourth chapter, which included the sections of the third international review dealing with events in France. Engels entitled this chapter "The Abolition of Universal Suffrage in 1850." Engels wrote to Richard Fischer on February 13, 1895, that the fourth chapter "will serve as a factual conclusion to the work as a whole, without which it would have remained a fragment." At the same time, the headings of the first three chapters were changed: I. "From February to June 1848," II. "From June 1848 to June 13, 1849," III. "From June 13, 1849, to March 10, 1850." In the present edition, the headings of the first three chapters are given according to the journal, while the heading of the fourth chapter is given as in the 1895 edition.The publication of the series of Marx's articles drew the attention of the press. A short announcement of No. 1 of the Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Politisch-ökonomische Revue and quotations from Marx's work were published in the Freischütz. Hamburg, No. 40, April 2, 1850; a review in the Wochenblatt der Hornisse, Cassel, No. 3, April 15, 1850~ The preface and the first article were reprinted in the Deutsche Londoner Zeitung Nos. 262, 263 and 264, April 5, 12 arid 19, 1850. On January 1, 1852, the Turn-Zeitung, published by German socialist emigrants in the USA, carried an article by Joseph Weydemeyer "On the Dictatorship of the Proletariat," written under the direct influence of Marx's work, the first work by Marx and Engels in which the term "the dictatorship of the proletariat" was used. On the other hand, the idea of the dictatorship of the proletariat brought criticism of the author from the petty-bourgeois democrats. The Neue Deutsche Zeitung, whose editor was a former "true socialist," Otto Luning, published a review (Nos. 148-51, June 22-23, 25 and 26. 1850) of the four numbers of the Neue Rheinische Zeitung. Politisch-ökonomische Revue with unfavourable comments on this proposition and an incorrect interpretation of it. Marx was obliged to write Lüning a special letter rebuffing attempts to distort and dispute the idea of the dictatorship of the proletariat.

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