The Digital And The Real World

In the 21st century, digitalization is a global challenge of mankind. Even for the public, it is obvious that our world is increasingly dominated by powerful algorithms and big data. But, how computable is our world? Some people believe that successful problem solving in science, technology, and economies only depends on fast algorithms and data mining. Chances and risks are often not understood, because the foundations of algorithms and information systems are not studied rigorously. Actually, they are deeply rooted in logics, mathematics, computer science and philosophy. Therefore, this book studies the foundations of mathematics, computer science, and philosophy, in order to guarantee security and reliability of the knowledge by constructive proofs, proof mining and program extraction. We start with the basics of computability theory, proof theory, and information theory. In a second step, we introduce new concepts of information and computing systems, in order to overcome the gap between the digital world of logical programming and the analog world of real computing in mathematics and science. The book also considers consequences for digital and analog physics, computational neuroscience, financial mathematics, and the Internet of Things (IoT). Contents: Introduction Basics of Computability Hierarchies of Computability Constructive Proof Theory Computational Mathematics and Digital Information Systems Intuitionistic Mathematics and Human Creativity Proof Mining bridging Logic, Mathematics, and Computer Science Reverse Mathematics Bridging Logic, Mathematics, and Computer Science From Intuitionistic to Homotopy Type Theory — Bridging Logic, Mathematics, and Computer Science Real Computability and Real Analysis Complexity Theory of Real Computing Real Computing and Neural Networks Complexity of Algorithmic Information Complexity of Information Dynamics Digital and Real Physics Digital and Real Computing in the Social World Philosophical Outlook Readership: Undergraduate and graduate students, scientists and readers who are interested in foundational, interdisciplinary, and philosophical questions of mathematics, computer science, and science in general. Keywords: Computability;Complexity;Constructive Mathematics;Proof Mining;Real Computing;Analog Networks;Information System;Digital PhysicsReview: Key Features: Compact introduction into the foundations of modern mathematics and computer science Bridging the gap between digital, real and analog computing by new concepts of information systems Consequences in natural and social sciences with respect to scientific computing

Create Genuine Visual Realism in Computer Graphics Digital Representations of the Real World: How to Capture, Model, and Render Visual Reality explains how to portray visual worlds with a high degree of realism using the latest video acquisition technology, computer graphics methods, and computer vision algorithms. It explores the integration of ne

"In every chapter, Ferris and Stein use examples from everyday life and pop culture to draw students into thinking sociologically and to show the relevance of sociology to their relationships, jobs, and future goals. Data Workshops in every chapter give students a chance to apply theoretical concepts to their personal lives and actually do sociology.

How can you use the latest digital technology to create an environment in which people can learn European languages while performing a meaningful real-world task and experiencing the cultural aspect of learning to cook European dishes? This book explains how to do this from A to Z, covering how a real-world digital environment for language learning was designed, built and researched. The project makes language learning motivational and fun by tapping into people's interest in both cooking and technology – you can learn a language while cooking and interacting with a speaking digital kitchen. The kitchens provide spoken instructions in the foreign language on how to prepare European cuisine. Digital sensors are inserted in or attached to all the kitchen equipment and ingredients, so the digital kitchen detects what learners are doing and gives them feedback. Learners are also able to communicate with the kitchens and can ask for help via photos and videos if they don't understand any foreign language words. Based on two research grants, the book provides five research studies showing the learning experiences of users in five European countries. The book explains the principles and procedures involved in the project, enabling others to design and implement a real-world digital learning environment in the same way. It includes numerous photographs of the system in use and evidence of how and what 250 users actually learnt.

Real-world evidence is defined as evidence generated from real-world data outside randomized controlled trials. As scientific discoveries and methodologies continue to advance, real-world data and their companion technologies offer powerful new tools for evidence generation. Real-World Evidence in a Patient-Centric Digital Era provides perspectives, examples, and insights on the innovative application of real-world evidence to meet patient needs and improve healthcare, with a focus on the pharmaceutical industry. This book presents an overview of key analytical issues and best practices. Special attention is paid to the development, methodologies, and other salient features of the statistical and data science techniques that are customarily used to generate real-world evidence. It provides a review of key topics and emerging trends in cutting-edge data science and health innovation. Features: Provides an overview of statistical and analytic methodologies in real-world evidence to generate insights on healthcare, with a special focus on the pharmaceutical industry Examines timely topics of high relevance to industry such as bioethical considerations, regulatory standards, and compliance requirements Highlights emerging and current trends, and provides guidelines for best practices Illustrates methods through examples and use-case studies to demonstrate impact Provides guidance on software choices and digital applications for successful analytics Real-World Evidence in a Patient-Centric Digital Era will be a vital reference for medical researchers, health technology innovators, data scientists, epidemiologists, population health analysts, health economists, outcomes researchers, policymakers, and analysts in the healthcare industry.

Topic Editor Dr. Eric Daza is Senior Statistician at Clarify Health Solutions. All other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regards to the Research Topic subject.

Every day, our students are inundated by information-as well as opinions and misinformation-on their devices. These digital texts influence what they buy, who they vote for, and what they believe about themselves and their world. Crafting and analyzing arguments in a digital world could be our greatest possibility to improve dialogue across cultures and continents... or it could contribute to bitter divides. In this book, Kristen Hawley Turner and Troy Hicks draw from real world texts and samples of student work to share a wealth of insights and practical strategies in teaching students the logic of argument. Whether arguments are streaming in through a Twitter feed, a Facebook wall, viral videos, internet memes, or links to other blogs or websites, Turner and Hicks will guide you-and your students- in how to engage with and create digital arguments. The authors' companion wiki provides all of the links to the web-based examples referenced in the book, as well as additional resources to support you as you implement instruction in digital arguments.

This thoroughly updated volume provides industrial strength techniques for digital photographers and serious amateurs.