The European Union Maghrebian Dialogues

4.3 The Jasmine Revolution and the regime change in Tunisia -- 4.4 The implementation of ENP programs in Tunisia after 2011: the role of domestic political actors -- 4.5 Preliminary comparative conclusions -- 5 The implementation of ENP programs in Morocco and Tunisia: the role of administration and its capacity -- 5.1 Bottlenecks and over-centralisation: administration in Morocco -- 5.2 The impact of the Arab uprisings on Morocco's administration and its capacity -- 5.3 Moroccan administrative capacity and the implementation of ENP programs -- 5.4 Strong bureaucracy and tight top-down management: administrative capacity in Tunisia -- 5.5 The impact of the Arab uprisings on Tunisian administration and its capacity -- 5.6 Tunisian administrative capacity and the implementation of ENP programs -- 5.7 Preliminary comparative conclusions -- 6 The role of civil society in Morocco and Tunisia: the implementation of the ENP -- 6.1 Spaces of freedom and boundaries of co-optation: civil society in Morocco -- 6.2 The implementation of the ENP in Morocco and the role of civil society before 2011 -- 6.3 Tunisia: a stifled civil society between repression and legislative restrictions -- 6.4 The implementation of the ENP in Tunisia and the role of civil society before the Arab uprisings -- 6.5 The 'awakening' of civil society and the implementation of the ENP after 2011 -- 6.6 Comparative preliminary conclusions -- 7 Conclusions -- Annex I -- Annex II -- Annex III -- Annex IV -- Index

Over half a century old and continuing to grow in strength and authority, the European Union consists of 25 member states_with more on the waiting list_and a population of 450 million people. Its influence in foreign and domestic affairs and human rights and law reaches far beyond its earlier fields of trade and politics. From the initial ideas about integration leading to the Treaty of Paris and the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community to the current reflection on the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, The A to Z of the European Union encompasses the most basic elements of the EU and the components that have emerged as a result of them. Through the use of maps, photographs, a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on topics such as leaders, personalities, institutions, enlargements, member states, internal policies, external relations, basic theories, treaties, and law, this dictionary tells a clear and complete story about the European Union that will assist those with greater interest in understanding it.

What are the prospects for the future of the Euro-Mediterranean area and what relevant role can the EMP play in this future? This book focuses on international relations in the Mediterranean area with a particular examination of patterns of politics, security and socio-economic relations.

First Published in 2004. This book focuses on international relations in the Mediterranean area with a particular examination of patterns of relations in the Euro-Mediterranean area.

6. Spain.

This book provides an original, rigorous and theoretically-grounded investigation into varying EU efforts to advance intercultural dialogue (ICD) in the framework of its foreign policy towards the Mediterranean during the period 1990-2014. From the end of the Cold War, the EU has increasingly invested in both rhetoric and resources on ICD promotion. In spite of this commitment, the EU has never offered a clear and permanent understanding of what this concept entails and has been actually aimed at. By adopting a FPA standpoint and approaching ICD as one of the foreign policy instruments developed by the EU to address the relations with its Mediterranean partners, this book exposes the causes and the modalities of the contradictory development of this relevant and long standing element of EU foreign policy. De Perini investigates change and continuity in the promotion of this tool, and provides in-depth knowledge of what ICD has actually meant for the EU: from the development and launch of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership or Barcelona Process, to the revision of the European Neighbourhood Policy following the Arab uprisings. The book shows that the EU’s advancement of ICD in its foreign policy has gone through three distinct phases: ‘emergence’ (1990-2001), ‘consolidation’ (2001-2010) and ‘professionalisation’ (2010-2014). Empirically the book provides the first comprehensive and integrative analysis of all aspects of EU efforts to promote ICD. The book exposes a series of trends, limits and contradictions of EU foreign policy which are increasingly relevant today. In particular, it shows that over the last twenty-five years, the EU has addressed a set of persistent challenges characterising its relations with Mediterranean countries and people, namely challenges connected to regional conflicts, religious fundamentalisms, xenophobic attitudes towards Arab/Muslim migrants and related social tensions. As these challenges are still major issues in the current EU agenda and in the broader debate about EU foreign policy, this book provides rich and original empirical knowledge to an understanding of how the EU has decided to address these phenomena at different moments of its recent history.

he 20th century saw air power transformed from novelists' fantasy into stark reality. From string and canvas to precision weaponry and stealth, air power has progressed to become not only the weapon of first political choice, but often the only conceivable option. This rapid development has given rise to considerable debate and controversy with those holding entrenched views rarely slow to shout their case. Many myths have grown over the period, ranging from the once much vaunted ability of air power to win wars alone through to its impact as a coercive tool. This volume examines the theory and practice of air power from its earliest inception. The contributors have been drawn from academia and the military and represent some of the world's leading proponents on the subject. All significant eras on air power employment are examined: some are evidently turning points, while others represent continuous development. Perhaps more importantly, the book highlights the areas that could be considered to be significant, and invites the reader to enter the debate as to whether it constitutes a continuum, a turning point, or indeed a revolution.