The Evaluation Of Toxicological Data For The Protection Of Public Health

The Evaluation of Toxicological Data for the Protection of Public Health: Proceedings of the International Colloquium, Luxembourg, December 1976 focuses on the review of toxicological tests and methods used in toxicological evaluation of chemicals and reconsideration of these procedures in identifying decision-making processes involved in the protection of public health. The selection first discusses reviews of toxicological tests, including introductory remarks and comments on acute toxicity; problems associated with the testing of environmental mutagens; and the testing of carcinogenic potentials. The publication also examines the uncertainties related to the evaluation of the health hazards of environmental chemicals from toxicological data and epidemiological monitoring of indices of chemical hazards. The book takes a look at safety factors and their application in toxicological evaluation; ecotoxicological approaches for the protection of environment and health; and use of biological materials as environmental pollution gauges. The text also discusses acute toxicity, teratogenic effects of pollutants, and examples of ecotoxicological research. The selection is a dependable source of data for readers interested in the evaluation of toxicological data relative to the protection of public health.

This latest version of Information Resources in Toxicology (IRT) continues a tradition established in 1982 with the publication of the first edition in presenting an extensive itemization, review, and commentary on the information infrastructure of the field. This book is a unique wide-ranging, international, annotated bibliography and compendium of major resources in toxicology and allied fields such as environmental and occupational health, chemical safety, and risk assessment. Thoroughly updated, the current edition analyzes technological changes and is rife with online tools and links to Web sites. IRT-IV is highly structured, providing easy access to its information. Among the “hot topics covered are Disaster Preparedness and Management, Nanotechnology, Omics, the Precautionary Principle, Risk Assessment, and Biological, Chemical and Radioactive Terrorism and Warfare are among the designated. • International in scope, with contributions from over 30 countries • Numerous key references and relevant Web links • Concise narratives about toxicologic sub-disciplines • Valuable appendices such as the IUPAC Glossary of Terms in Toxicology • Authored by experts in their respective sub-disciplines within toxicology

The EPA commissioned The National Academies to provide advice on the vexing question of whether and, if so, under what circumstances EPA should accept and consider intentional human dosing studies conducted by companies or other sources outside the agency (so-called third parties) to gather evidence relating to the risks of a chemical or the conditions under which exposure to it could be judged safe. This report recommends that such studies be conducted and used for regulatory purposes only if all of several strict conditions are met, including the following: The study is necessary and scientifically valid, meaning that it addresses an important regulatory question that can't be answered with animal studies or nondosing human studies; The societal benefits of the study outweigh any anticipated risks to participants. At no time, even when benefits beyond improved regulation exist, can a human dosing study be justified that is anticipated to cause lasting harm to study participants; and All recognized ethical standards and procedures for protecting the interests of study participants are observed. In addition, EPA should establish a Human Studies Review Board (HSRB) to evaluate all human dosing studiesâ€"both at the beginning and upon completion of the experimentsâ€"if they are carried out with the intent of affecting the agency's policy-making.