The Intestines Of The State

The young people of the Cameroon Grassfields have been subject to a long history of violence and political marginalization. For centuries the main victims of the slave trade, they became prime targets for forced labor campaigns under a series of colonial rulers. Today’s youth remain at the bottom of the fiercely hierarchical and polarized societies of the Grassfields, and it is their response to centuries of exploitation that Nicolas Argenti takes up in this absorbing and original book. Beginning his study with a political analysis of youth in the Grassfields from the eighteenth century to the present, Argenti pays special attention to the repeated violent revolts staged by young victims of political oppression. He then combines this history with extensive ethnographic fieldwork in the Oku chiefdom, discovering that the specter of past violence lives on in the masked dance performances that have earned intense devotion from today’s youth. Argenti contends that by evoking the imagery of past cataclysmic events, these masquerades allow young Oku men and women to address the inequities they face in their relations with elders and state authorities today.

Three distinct types of contractions perform colonic motility functions. Rhythmic phasic contractions (RPCs) cause slow net distal propulsion with extensive mixing/turning over. Infrequently occurring giant migrating contractions (GMCs) produce mass movements. Tonic contractions aid RPCs in their motor function. The spatiotemporal patterns of these contractions differ markedly. The amplitude and distance of propagation of a GMC are several-fold larger than those of an RPC. The enteric neurons and smooth muscle cells are the core regulators of all three types of contractions. The regulation of contractions by these mechanisms is modifiable by extrinsic factors: CNS, autonomic neurons, hormones, inflammatory mediators, and stress mediators. Only the GMCs produce descending inhibition, which accommodates the large bolus being propelled without increasing muscle tone. The strong compression of the colon wall generates afferent signals that are below nociceptive threshold in healthy subjects. However, these signals become nociceptive; if the amplitudes of GMCs increase, afferent nerves become hypersensitive, or descending inhibition is impaired. The GMCs also provide the force for rapid propulsion of feces and descending inhibition to relax the internal anal sphincter during defecation. The dysregulation of GMCs is a major factor in colonic motility disorders: irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and diverticular disease (DD). Frequent mass movements by GMCs cause diarrhea in diarrhea predominant IBS, IBD, and DD, while a decrease in the frequency of GMCs causes constipation. The GMCs generate the afferent signals for intermittent short-lived episodes of abdominal cramping in these disorders. Epigenetic dysregulation due to adverse events in early life is one of the major factors in generating the symptoms of IBS in adulthood.

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Gastrointestinal Surgical Techniques in Small Animals offers a highly detailed reference to surgical procedures in the gastrointestinal tract in dogs and cats. Each chapter describes the surgical techniques in depth, featuring high-quality illustrations depicting each step, and discusses tips and tricks for a successful surgery and potential complications. A companion website offers video clips demonstrating the procedures. Logically divided into sections by anatomy, each chapter covers indications, contraindications, and decision making for a specific surgery. Tips and tricks and potential complications are also covered. Describes techniques for canine and feline gastrointestinal surgery in detail Presents the state of the art for GI surgery in dogs and cats Includes access to a companion website with video clips demonstrating techniques Gastrointestinal Surgical Techniques in Small Animals is an essential resource for small animal surgeons and veterinary residents.

On July 9-10, 2014, the Institute of Medicine's Food Forum hosted a public workshop to explore emerging and rapidly developing research on relationships among the brain, the digestive system, and eating behavior. Drawing on expertise from the fields of nutrition and food science, animal and human physiology and behavior, and psychology and psychiatry as well as related fields, the purpose of the workshop was to (1) review current knowledge on the relationship between the brain and eating behavior, explore the interaction between the brain and the digestive system, and consider what is known about the brain's role in eating patterns and consumer choice; (2) evaluate current methods used to determine the impact of food on brain activity and eating behavior; and (3) identify gaps in knowledge and articulate a theoretical framework for future research. Relationships among the Brain, the Digestive System, and Eating Behavior summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.

This casebook provides a concise yet comprehensive state-of-the art review of common stomach and small intestine disorders. The casebook is divided into five parts, each of which focuses on a major disorder, symptom, or clinical scenario related to the stomach and small intestine, including dyspepsia, small bowel disorders, nausea and vomiting, chronic abdominal pain, and post-operative GI surgery challenges. Each part is comprised of cases illustrating different aspects of the subject, with each case containing sections on case presentation, objectives, epidemiology and etiology, diagnostic evaluation and treatment, case follow-up, clinical pearls, and Q&A. Some major topics presented in these cases include nausea and vomiting in the pregnant patient, gas-bloat, functional abdominal pain, post-GI surgery complications, and celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Written by internationally renowned experts in the field, Essential Medical Disorders of the Stomach and Small Intestine: A Clinical Casebook is a valuable resource for clinicians and practitioners who treat patients afflicted with disorders of the stomach and small intestine.

This title allows users to effectively diagnose and treat any acute disease of the stomach, intestines, peritoneum, liver, and abdominal wall. Its authorship includes over 20 internationally recognized experts that provide critical information needed by practitioners for management of abdominal diseases. This informative resource provides a thorough discussion of normal and abnormal anatomy and physiology. Surgical techniques are broken down into an easy-to-read step-by-step format. This highly visual presentation, with over 410 illustrations, is a necessary edition to an equine practitioner’s library. Published by Teton New Media in the USA and distributed by Manson Publishing outside of North America.