The Lung In The Transition Between Health And Disease

This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

This book describes the basic, pathophysiologic, and clinical importance of the reciprocal relationships and interactions between the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, examining mechanical responses caused by lung volume and thoracic pressure. Emphasizes humoral and neurophysical interactions occurring in diseases that lead to cardiorespiratory failure. Covering pulmonary mechanics, respiratory muscle function, exercise physiology, and control of venous return and cardiac output, Respiratory-Circulatory Interactions in Health and Disease focuses on mechanisms of heart failure in respiratory disease details the central interactions in sudden infant death syndrome considers the control of tissue metabolism, the development of the sympathetic nervous system, mathematical modeling, and image analysis as a tool for investigating cardiocirculatory function examines the effects of muscle reflexes on respiration and circulation analyzes systemic inflammatory response and chronic obstructive lung disease discusses respiratory maneuvers to support failing circulation and ventilation addresses current controversies surrounding the balloon-tipped catheter debates using inhaled nitrous oxide to treat circulatory failure and more! Supplying a rational basis for understanding the ways in which the cardiovascular and respiratory systems interact in normal and abnormal situations, Respiratory-Circulatory Interactions in Health and Disease is a blue-ribbon reference for cardiologists; pulmonologists; physiologists; intensivists; cardiothoracic surgeons; anesthesiologists; asthmatologists; health care practitioners interested in chest, pulmonary, and thoracic medicine; and medical school students in these disciplines.

Offers coverage of practical and theoretical implications of current research into mast cell biology, emphasizing the role of the mast cell in human diseases. The text covers all aspects of the mast cell from growth and differentiation to its function in such conditions as asthma and skin disease.

The anthrax incidents following the 9/11 terrorist attacks put the spotlight on the nation's public health agencies, placing it under an unprecedented scrutiny that added new dimensions to the complex issues considered in this report. The Future of the Public's Health in the 21st Century reaffirms the vision of Healthy People 2010, and outlines a systems approach to assuring the nation's health in practice, research, and policy. This approach focuses on joining the unique resources and perspectives of diverse sectors and entities and challenges these groups to work in a concerted, strategic way to promote and protect the public's health. Focusing on diverse partnerships as the framework for public health, the book discusses: The need for a shift from an individual to a population-based approach in practice, research, policy, and community engagement. The status of the governmental public health infrastructure and what needs to be improved, including its interface with the health care delivery system. The roles nongovernment actors, such as academia, business, local communities and the media can play in creating a healthy nation. Providing an accessible analysis, this book will be important to public health policy-makers and practitioners, business and community leaders, health advocates, educators and journalists.

Focusing on all the major cytokine families, this reference book provides coverage of cytokine regulatory processes in the lung and other tissues and comprehensive descriptions of cytokine functions specific to the lung.;Discussing the diverse cytokine-binding proteins and the role of cytokines in tissue injury and repair processes and extracellular matrix regulations, the book supplies information on amino acid structure and gene regulatory sequences, examines the receptor biology of individual cytokines, illustrates cytokine interactions with their cognate receptors and surveys the phenotypic effects of individual cytokines on target cells. With over 2700 literature citations and figures, this book is a resource for pulmonologists, physiologists, immunologists, cell and molecular biologists, environmental toxicologists, oncologists, and graduate-level and medical school students in these disciplines.

This book discriminates and emphasizes approaches that are likely to be productive in terms of understanding the causation and mechanisms of occupational lung diseases. It benefits research academicians in the field of lung diseases, and government and public health authorities.