The Metaphysics Of The Material World

In The Metaphysics of the Material World, Tad M. Schmaltz traces a particular development of the metaphysics of the material world in early modern thought. The route Schmaltz follows derives from a critique of Spinoza in the work of Pierre Bayle. Bayle charged in particular that Spinoza's monistic conception of the material world founders on the account of extension and its "modes" and parts that he inherited from Descartes, and that Descartes in turn inherited from late scholasticism, and ultimately from Aristotle. After an initial discussion of Bayle's critique of Spinoza and its relation to Aristotle's distinction between substance and accident, this study starts with the original re-conceptualization of Aristotle's metaphysics of the material world that we find in the work of the early modern scholastic Su�rez. What receives particular attention is Su�rez's introduction of the "modal distinction" and his distinctive account of the Aristotelian accident of "continuous quantity." This examination of Su�rez is followed by a treatment of the connections of his particular version of the scholastic conception of the material world to the very different conception that Descartes offered. Especially important is Descartes's view of the relation of extended substance both to its modes and to the parts that compose it. Finally, there is a consideration of what these developments in Su�rez and Descartes have to teach us about Spinoza's monistic conception of the material world. Of special concern here is to draw on this historical narrative to provide a re-assessment of Bayle's critique of Spinoza.

Pesents and explains the hylomorphic conception of the material world developed by Thomas Aquinas, proposing that the key to understanding Aquinas's conception lies in his distinctive account of intrinsic change.

Spirits in the Material World: The Challenge of Technology provocatively argues that technology is best understood as an otherworldly or spiritual force. Under its influence, humans are fast becoming spirit-like creatures, beings who assume their bodies are incidental to what it means to be human and the "real world" an accidental quality of the human condition. Technology authorizes such an understanding and legitimates a manner of action that obscures the centrality of embodiment and its significance. Gil Germain challenges many of the assumptions underpinning the technological worldview through a reading of leading contemporary theorists who have addressed the interconnection between technology and disembodiment. The book both reveals and contests the multifarious ways in which technology's spiritual thrust is manifested in contemporary thought and practice. While respecting technology's hold on modernity and its predisposition toward disembodiment, Germain gives important reasons why this inclination toward spiritizaiion ought to be resisted and what shape this resistance must take if it is to be meaningful. Gil Germain is associate professor of political studies at the University of Prince Edward Book jacket.

A rigorous case for the primacy of mind in nature, from philosophy to neuroscience, psychology and physics. The Idea of the World offers a grounded alternative to the frenzy of unrestrained abstractions and unexamined assumptions in philosophy and science today. This book examines what can be learned about the nature of reality based on conceptual parsimony, straightforward logic and empirical evidence from fields as diverse as physics and neuroscience. It compiles an overarching case for idealism - the notion that reality is essentially mental - from ten original articles the author has previously published in leading academic journals. The case begins with an exposition of the logical fallacies and internal contradictions of the reigning physicalist ontology and its popular alternatives, such as bottom-up panpsychism. It then advances a compelling formulation of idealism that elegantly makes sense of - and reconciles - classical and quantum worlds. The main objections to idealism are systematically refuted and empirical evidence is reviewed that corroborates the formulation presented here. The book closes with an analysis of the hidden psychological motivations behind mainstream physicalism and the implications of idealism for the way we relate to the world.

Since the time of the Enlightenment, religious skepticism and an increased reliance upon empiricism have caused many to adopt a purely naturalistic worldview. In recent years, this full-on acceptance of naturalism has even led to the belittling of those who affirm the need for metaphysical agency in our world. But is belief in a transcendent being like God simply based on wishful thinking and ignorance? Can every aspect of life and the workings of our universe be reduced to purely naturalistic causes? In Mind over Matter, brothers Brian and Wayne Rossiter take on a variety of arguments that are often thought to pose serious threats-if not outright defeaters-to any belief that stands in opposition to philosophical naturalism. Traversing the fields of theology, philosophy, and science, they take these arguments head on, providing a practical and easy to use guide for anyone looking to respond to the toughest and most common objections to religious faith. The Rossiters then turn the tables, arguing that belief in transcendent intelligence is not only rational, but is also completely consistent with many of the underlying assumptions made by the most ardent atheists and skeptics.

This book introduces student to the three major figures of modern philosophy known as the rationalists. It is not for complete beginners, but it is an accessible account of their thought. By concerning itself with metaphysics, and in particular substance, the book relates an important historical debate largely neglected by the contemporary debates in the once again popular area of traditional metaphysics. in philosophy.

Today, quantum field theory (QFT)—the mathematical and conceptual framework for contemporary elementary particle physics—is the best starting point for analysing the fundamental building blocks of the material world. QFT if taken seriously in its metaphysical implications yields a picture of the world that is at variance with central classical conceptions. The core of Kuhlmann’s investigation consists in the analysis of various ontological interpretations of QFT, e.g. substance ontologies as well as a process-ontological approach. Eventually, Kuhlmann proposes a dispositional trope ontology, according to which particularized properties and not things are the most basic entities, in terms of which all other entities are to be analysed, e.g as bundles of properties. This book was chosen for the 2009 ontos-Award for research on analytical ontology and metaphysics by the German Society for Analytical Philosophy.

A thrilling biography of the universe, as seen through the lens of today’s most cutting-edge scientific thinking. Here’s the book that explains the universe. You Are Here is an exhilarating journey that shows the cosmos as it has never been seen before. From the smallest parts of matter to the largest structures in the universe, Christopher Potter traces the life of the universe from theories of its conception to theories of its eventual fate. Along this heart-stopping voyage from quarks to galaxies, he writes entertainingly about the history and philosophy of science. With wisdom and wonder, Potter traverses the cosmos from its formation to its eventual end – while exploring everything in between. Some questions You Are Here sets out to answer: • What is this ‘everything’ that has evolved from nothing? And what do we mean by everything? • What stuff is ‘nothing’ made out of? • If the universe contains everything there is then what is it contained in? • Where are we in the universe? • Is there room for God in a material universe? • How scared should we be? • What fate awaits the universe? Science actually has answers to these questions, and in You Are Here, Potter will explain them to you.