The Remasculinization Of Korean Cinema

DIVArgues that although the last two decades of Korean history were a period of progress in political democratization, the country refused to part from a "masculine point of view" which is also mirrored in Korean cinema./div

“[T]his fine book . . . . enlarges our vision of one of the great national cinematic flowerings of the last decade.”—Martin Scorsese, from the foreword In the late 1990s, South Korean film and other cultural products, broadly known as hallyu (Korean wave), gained unprecedented international popularity. Korean films earned an all-time high of $60.3 million in Japan in 2005, and they outperformed their Hollywood competitors at Korean box offices. In Virtual Hallyu, Kyung Hyun Kim reflects on the precariousness of Korean cinema’s success over the past decade. Arguing that state film policies and socioeconomic factors cannot fully explain cinema’s true potentiality, Kim draws on Deleuze’s concept of the virtual—according to which past and present and truth and falsehood coexist—to analyze the temporal anxieties and cinematic ironies embedded in screen figures such as a made-in-the-USA aquatic monster (The Host), a postmodern Chosun-era wizard (Jeon Woo-chi), a schizo man-child (Oasis), a weepy North Korean terrorist (Typhoon), a salary man turned vengeful fighting machine (Oldboy), and a sick nationalist (the repatriated colonial-era film Spring of Korean Peninsula). Kim maintains that the full significance of hallyu can only be understood by exposing the implicit and explicit ideologies of protonationalism and capitalism that, along with Korea’s ambiguous post-democratization and neoliberalism, are etched against the celluloid surfaces.

Even though Hollywood films still dominate the world’s box offices, Korean films are just as popular as their Hollywood counterparts in domestic theaters. In 2014 alone, Korean movies drew a combined total of 107.7 million viewers at box offices nationwide, accounting for 50.1% of the total number of movie viewers. Korean movies have accounted for more than 50% of the total film market share for the past four years and have attracted more than 100 million moviegoers annually for the past three years. In particular, the movie The Admiral: Roaring Currents (2014), which depicts Chapter 1 Korean Films Today The Evolution of Commercial Films: Korean-style Blockbuster Films The Coexistence of ‘Diversity Films’ Foreign Perspectives on Korean Films Chapter 2 Korean Films in the World Overseas Export of Hallyu and Korean Films Expansion of Exchanges through Joint Production with Foreign Countries Increased Export of Film Technology Services Taking the Lead in the Development of the Southeast Asian Film Industry Korean Directors Gaining Attention Worldwide K-Movie Stars Chapter 3 Major Film Festivals in Korea Busan International Film Festival Jeonju International Film Festival Bucheon International Fantastic Film Festival International Women’s Film Festival in Seoul Jecheon International Music & Film Festival Other Festivals Chapter 4 Top 10 Korean Films Worldwide

New Korean Cinema charts the dramatic transformation of South Korea's film industry from the democratization movement of the late 1980s to the 2000s new generation of directors. The author considers such issues as government censorship, the market's embrace of Hollywood films, and the social changes which led to the diversification and surprising commercial strength of contemporary Korean films. Directors such as Hong Sang-soo, Kim Ki-duk, Park Chan-wook, and Bong Joon-ho are studied within their historical context together with a range of films including Sopyonje (1993), Peppermint Candy (1999), Oldboy (2003), and The Host (2006).

Hollywood films may dominate the world’s box offices today, but in Korea it’s the homegrown product that has been capturing the public’s attention. Korean films industry today and look inside of directors and stars. Korean film directors were getting major press at the world’s different film festivals. Exports were booming, and the films that reached overseas audiences found a warm reception there Contents Prologue Chapter One A Look Inside Korean Cinema The Korean Film Industry Today A Foreign Perspective Fostering New Talent Chapter Two Going Global Hallyu and Korean Film Working Internationally: Co-Productions Acclaimed Directors K-Movie Stars Chapter Three How Korean Film Got Here The Early Years (1920–1939) Golden Age: The 1960s and the ‘Literary Film’ Out of the Quicksand (1970–1989) Renaissance: 'Planned Movies' and Government Support (1990 to today) Chapter Four Film Festivals Busan International Film Festival Jeonju International Film Festival Puchon International Fantastic Film Festival International Women’s Film Festival in Seoul Jecheon International Music & Film Festival Other Festivals Chapter Five Ten Korean Films with Overseas Followings Appendix Further Reading Award-winning Korean Films at Overseas Festivals Park Chan-wook,Hong Sang-soo,Kim Ki-duk,Lee Chang-dong,Bong Joon-ho,Kim Jee-woon, Im Sang-soo, Byun Young-joo, Choi Dong-hoon, Na Hong-jin, Yang Ik-june, Yun Seong-hyeon, Yeon Sang-ho, Song Kang-ho, Jeon Do-youn, Sul Kyoung-gu, Lee Byung-hun, Jun Ji-hyun, Busan International Film Festival (BIFF), The Housemaid, The Coachman, Heavenly Homecoming to Stars, The Surrogate Woman, Why Has Bodhi-Dharma Left for the East?, My Sassy Girl , Oldboy, Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter. . . and Spring, The Host, Poetry

South Korean cinema is a striking example of non-Western contemporary cinematic success. Thanks to the increasing numbers of moviegoers and domestic films produced, South Korea has become one of the world’s major film markets. In 2001, the South Korean film industry became the first in recent history to reclaim its domestic market from Hollywood and continues to maintain around a 50 percent market share today. High-quality South Korean films are increasingly entering global film markets and connecting with international audiences in commercial cinemas and art theatres, and at major international film festivals. Despite this growing recognition of the films themselves, Korean cinema’s rich heritage has not heretofore received significant scholarly attention in English-language publications. This groundbreaking collection of thirty-five essays by a wide range of academic specialists situates current scholarship on Korean cinema within the ongoing theoretical debates in contemporary global film studies. Chapters explore key films of Korean cinema, from Sweet Dream, Madame Freedom, The Housemaid, and The March of Fools to Oldboy, The Host, and Train to Busan, as well as major directors such as Shin Sang-ok, Kim Ki-young, Im Kwon-taek, Bong Joon-ho, Hong Sang-soo, Park Chan-wook, and Lee Chang-dong. While the chapters provide in-depth analyses of particular films, together they cohere into a detailed and multidimensional presentation of Korean cinema’s cumulative history and broader significance. With its historical and critical scope, abundance of new research, and detailed discussion of important individual films, Rediscovering Korean Cinema is at once an accessible classroom text and a deeply informative compendium for scholars of Korean and East Asian studies, cinema and media studies, and communications. It will also be an essential resource for film industry professionals and anyone interested in international cinema.