The Science Of Sugar Confectionery

Since the first edition of The Science of Sugar Confectionery (2000), the confectionery industry has responded to ever-changing consumer habits. This new edition has been thoroughly revised to reflect industry's response to market driven nutrition and dietary concerns, as well as changes in legislation, labelling, and technology. Building on the strengths of the first edition, the author's personal knowledge and experience of the sugar confectionery industry is used to provide a thorough and accessible account of the field. Written so the reader needs no more than a rudimentary level of chemistry, this book covers the basic definitions, commonly used and new ingredients in the industry. It then discusses the various types of sugar confectionery including "sugar glasses" (boiled sweets), "grained sugar products" (fondants), toffees and fudges, "hydrocolloids" (gums, pastilles and jellies) and concludes with a new chapter on future outlooks. Featuring expanded coverage of special dietary needs, covering topics such as vegetarianism and veganism, religious requirements and supplemented products, this new edition reflects current and evolving needs in the sugar confectionery field.

Confectionery is a topic close to many people's hearts and its manufacture involves some interesting science. The confectionery industry is divided into three classes: chocolate, flour and sugar confectionery. It is the background science of this latter category that is covered in The Science of Sugar Confectionery. The manufacture of confectionery is not a science based industry, as these products have traditionally been created by skilled confectioners working empirically. In fact, scientific understanding of the production process has only been acquired retroactively. Historically however, sugar confectionery has had technological synergies with the pharmaceutical industry, such as making sugar tablets and applying panned sugar coatings. This book gives an introduction to the subject, with some basic definitions and commonly used ingredients and then moves on to discuss the chemistry of various types of sugar confectionery. These include "sugar glasses" (boiled sweets), "grained sugar products" (fondants), toffees and fudges, "hydrocolloids" (gums, pastilles and jellies) and concludes with a chapter dedicated to sugar-free confectionery.

This book examines both the primary ingredients and the processing technology for making candies. In the first section, the chemistry, structure, and physical properties of the primary ingredients are described, as are the characteristics of commercial ingredients. The second section explores the processing steps for each of the major sugar confectionery groups, while the third section covers chocolate and coatings. The manner in which ingredients function together to provide the desired texture and sensory properties of the product is analyzed, and chemical reactions and physical changes that occur during processing are examined. Trouble shooting and common problems are also discussed in each section. Designed as a complete reference and guide, Confectionery Science and Technology provides personnel in industry with solutions to the problems concerning the manufacture of high-quality confectionery products.

The authors had five objectives in preparing this book: (i) to bring together relevant information on many raw materials used in the manufacture of sweets and chocolate; (ii) to describe the principles involved and to relate them to production with maximum economy but maintaining high quality; (iii) to describe both traditional and modern production processes, in par ticular those continuous methods which are finding increasing application; (iv) to give basic recipes and methods, set out in a form for easy reference, for producing a large variety of sweets, and capable of easy modification to suit the raw materials and plant available; (v) to explain the elementary calculations most likely to be required. The various check lists and charts, showing the more likely faults and how to eliminate them, reflect the fact that art still plays no small part in this industry. To help users all over the world, whatever units they employ, most for mulations are given in parts by weight, but tables of conversion factors are provided at the end of the book. There also will be found a collection of other general reference data in tabular form; while the Glossary explains a number of technical terms, many of them peculiar to the industry.

Following the great success of the first edition, this thoroughly revised and updated volume continues to provide a highly practical and comprehensive review of the sugar confectionery manufacturing industry. The authors, who are internationally recognized experts in their fields, draw on many years experience in providing a digestible account. Divided into sections covering the production and properties of raw materials, manufacturing processes, and other technical aspects of the subject, many of the original chapters have been totally rewritten and reorganized to reflect today's market.

The second edition of this book achieved worldwide recognition within the chocolate and confectionery industry. I was pressed to prepare the third edition to include modern developments in machinery, production, and packaging. This has been a formidable task and has taken longer than anticipated. Students still require, in one book, descriptions of the fundamental principles of the industry as well as an insight into modern methods. Therefore, parts of the previous edition describing basic technology have been retained, with minor alterations where necessary. With over fifty years' experience in the industry and the past eighteen years working as an author, lecturer, and consultant, I have collected a great deal of useful information. Visits to trade exhibitions and to manufacturers of raw materials and machinery in many parts of the world have been very valuable. Much research and reading have been necessary to prepare for teaching and lecturing at various colleges, seminars, and manufacturing establishments. The third edition is still mainly concerned with science, technology, and production. It is not a book of formulations, which are readily available elsewhere. Formulations without knowledge of principles lead to many errors, and recipes are given only where examples are necessary. _ Analytical methods are described only when they are not available in textbooks, of which there are many on standard methods of food analysis. Acknowledgments I am still indebted to many of the persons mentioned under "Acknowledgments" in the second edition. I am especially grateful to the following.