The Social Context Of Learning In India

Why are children from disadvantaged and minority communities overrepresented among academic underachievers, poor learners, and school dropouts? This volume engages with this question and examines classroom learning as a process that involves a multitude of actors situated in specific social, cultural, and historical contexts. The volume covers an interdisciplinary spectrum of educational processes, contexts, educational ambitions, and limitations of low-caste, working-class, and middle-class students from different Indian communities and regions. The volume delves into the problem of academic underperformance from a social identity perspective and probes into social context-based variability in classroom learning, systemic disadvantages in the form of negative stereotypes, and the family as an under-studied social group in all discussions of schooling. It also examines the teachers’ perceptions and attitudes towards Adivasi students and other minority groups in primary schools and their effect on children’s classroom engagement. The chapters in this volume provide insights into unresolved and critical research questions that require the attention of teachers, school management, educators, and policymakers alike. This book will also be useful for academicians, policymakers, teacher educators, pedagogic practitioners in India and abroad, and state and central government institutions working on school education, educational psychology, policymaking in education, learning methods, and research on educational enhancement.

This book examines how adult education is influenced by and has an influence on the society in which it takes place. It presents a clear analysis of the development challenges and sociological realities of the adult education context and explores the potential of adult education to help African countries and communities achieve their developmental goals. Issues discussed include: adult education, social change and development; community education; race, ethnicity and religion; social class and gender; empowerment; democracy; health and HIV/AIDS; poverty and debt; globalisation and the environment.

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As our society is becoming more and more complex day by day due to the trends of modernisation, urbanization, secularization, globalization etc., new problems of education are coming into focus. It is in this context that new researches in sociology of education are called for. This comprehensive work lays down the basic concepts of sociological foundations of education in India context as required to be understood by every specialist of the subject. It lays down the fundamentals of education required to be understood by every scholar and student of the subject alike. It will definitely provide invaluable guidance to young educational researchers and teachers.

This book encapsulates the various discourses that try to theorise the evolution of English as a global language from the perspectives of history, geography and individual proficiency. It discusses the status of English in post-colonial India, where it has coexisted with native languages in a multilingual scenario for almost three hundred years and has developed into a form with its own distinct lexical, phonological, morpho-syntactical and discourse features. This indigenized form of English has come to be recognized as Indian English. While many linguists argue that Indian English is a distinct variety with its own standardized form, others do not quite agree. While the advocates of Standard Indian English have argued in favour of recognition of Standard Indian English in Indian pedagogy, others regard Indian English as suitable only for informal usage. Through a survey conducted among those who are closely related to the English language in India, this book examines the acceptability of Standard Indian English usage, and, using an attitudinal survey, gauges their opinion vis-à-vis the idea of forming a pedagogical model for teaching English in the Indian context.

"What was the interrelationship between education and society during the twentieth century in the United States and India? What is the essence of the historical development of educational policies and social systems in these two countries? What philosophical views and developmental courses underlie their outdoor-oriented education? What are their aims of outdoor-oriented education? What procedures are connected with their outdoor-oriented education? These questions are examined in this unique volume.This book is divided into three parts. The first part creates a context for the comparison of the issues concerning education and society. The central point of departure used here regards education as being closely related to the totality of culture and human activity. The dialectic process between education and society is realized differently in accordance with the value objectives that provide the background for different societies. This comparative educational study uses a historico-hermeneutical approach. The second part analyzes the social systems and educational policies of the United States and India following their developmental trends and patterns. The nature of the relationship between education and society for each country is further brought into focus when it is interpreted from the perspective of the philosophical views, pedagogical aims, and procedures of twentieth-century outdoor-oriented education. The case studies provide an interesting insight into how changes in educational policy have been reflected in the every-day pedagogical procedures used in schools in the United States and India.The third part is an analysis and comparison of the phenomena previously presented that are related to education and society through the lenses suggested by sociological theories. It compares the dimensions of the interrelationship between education and society from the standpoint of outdoor-oriented education in the two countries during the twentieth century.This thought-provoking volume is intended for anybody interested in the interplay between education and society in all its complexity. It offers a fascinating journey into the past and present of the issues that have defined the development of education and society in the United States and India."

The education of young people is context bound. This edited volume explores the contexts that characterise South and South East Asia and their influence on social studies education. There is not a single context across this broad geographical expanse, rather different religions, different political systems and different values exert influences that create distinctive programmes that characterise different countries. Yet there are also commonalities such as the post-colonial nature of most of the countries portrayed in this book, determined efforts at establishing new national communities and multiple value systems that lead to distinctive local priorities. There are also voices of resistance in these chapters, recognising the realities of local contexts but also recognising the need for change. Social studies education in these contexts may well be descended from its origins in North America, but in South and South Asian contexts, it has taken on new purposes, new forms and new values. Education researchers, policymakers and postgraduate students in comparative education will find the volume useful in its exploration and comparison of the social studies curricular and reforms that shaped them.

This book demonstrates how technology and society shape one another and that there are intrinsic connections between technological experiences and social relationships. It employs an array of theoretical concepts and methodological tools to examine the technology–society nexus among three urban groups in India (traditional caste-based handloom weavers, subaltern Dalit communities, and informal female labour). It provides evidence of how innovations such as industrial technologies, communication technologies, and workplace technologies are not only about strides in science and engineering but also about politics and sociology on the ground. The book contributes to the growing research in innovation studies and technology policy that establishes how technological processes and outcomes are contingent on complex sociological variables and contexts. The author offers an inclusive, holistic, and interdisciplinary approach to understanding the field of innovation and technological change and development by involving various methodologies (network analysis, archival work, oral histories, focus group discussions, interviews). The book will serve as reference for researchers and scholars in social sciences, especially those interested in development studies, science and technology policy and innovation studies, information and communication technology (ICT) policy, public policy, management, social work and research methods, economics, sociology, social exclusion and subaltern studies, women’s studies, and South Asian studies. It will also be useful to nongovernmental organisations, activists, and policymakers.