The Somali Dispute

Discusses the Somali Republic's claim that Somalis living in Ethiopia and Kenya be given self-determination.

This book presents a timely review of the relations between the formal and customary justice systems in Ethiopia, and offers recommendations for legal reform. The book provides cases studies from all the Region of Ethiopia based on field research on the working of customary dispute resolution (CDR) institutions, their mandates, compositions, procedures and processes. The cases studies also document considerable unofficial linkages with the state judicial system, and consider the advantages as well as the limitations of customary institutions with respect to national and international law. The editor's introduction reviews the history of state law and its relations with customary law, summarises the main findings by region as well as as on inter-ethnic issues, and draws conclusions about social and legal structures, principles of organization, cultural concepts and areas, and judicial processes. The introduction also addresses the questions of inclusion and exclusion on the basis of gerontocratic power, gender, age and marginalised status, and the gradual as well as remarkable recent transformations of CDR institutions. The editor's conclusion reviews the characteristics, advantages and limitations of CDR institutions. A strong case is made for greater recognition of customary systems and better alliance with state justice, while safeguarding individual and minority rights. The editors suggest that the current context of greater decentralization opens up opportunities for pratical collaboration between the systems by promoting legal pluralism and reform, thereby enhancing local level justice delivery. The editors conclude by proposing a range of options for more meaningful partnership for consideration by policy makers, the legal profession and other stakeholders. In memory of Aberra Jembere and Dinsa Lepisa. Cover: Elders at peace ceremony in Arbore, 1993.

For the last thirty years Somalia has experienced violence and upheaval. Today, the international effort to help Somalis build a federal state and achieve stability is challenged by deep-rooted grievances, local conflicts and a powerful insurgency led by Al-Shabaab. Consisting of forty-four chapters by conflict resolution specialists and the world's leading experts on Somalia, this volume constitutes a unique compendium of insights into the insurgency and its impact. War and Peace in Somalia explores the legacies of past violence, especially impunity, illegitimacy and exclusion, and the need for national reconciliation. Drawing on decades of experience and months of field research, the contributors throw light on diverse forms of local conflict, its interrelated causes, and what can be done about it. They share original research on the role of women, men and youth in the conflict, and present new insight into Al-Shabaab--particularly the group's multi-dimensional strategy, the motivations of its fighters, their foreign links, and the prospects for engagement. This ground-breaking volume illuminates the war in Somalia, and sets out what can and should be done to bring it to an end. For policymakers and researchers covering Somalia, East Africa, extremism or conflict resolution, this is a must-read.

A B S T R A C T ABDI, MOHAMED A: BA WHITTIER COLLEGE, 1966 MPA SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY, 1969 MPH FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, 1996 CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND NATION-BUILDING IN SOMALIA Publication Scheduled for January 2012 The research concentrated on the current as well as the past quagmire of the Somali conflict. Political, social and economic triggers have been identified to resolve or reduce violent conflict and disorder. The research used primary as well as secondary sources to study the issues and explore the problems inherent in an environment of scarce resources. Confrontations between the state and society were brought to a higher level of violence since the late 1970s following the Somali-Ethiopian war. The author explored avenues for reconciliation and nation-building and introduced several models as possible strategies for nation-building. Conclusively, a home-grown, traditional mechanisms model was recommended which entails the following policy prescriptions to achieve long-lasting peace and security for Somalia: 1. Governance structures of law and order. 2. Resources: De-escalating conflicts by opening up negotiating opportunities of land and property. 3. Complete demilitarization of society. 4. International cooperation. A plan by the international community to reconstruct and rehabilitate Somalia is essential if we have to avoid a relapse into a chaotic, violent situation in Somalia.

Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Politics - Region: Africa, grade: 1,0, University of Applied Sciences Dresden, language: English, abstract: The American business magazine ,,Forbes” regularly publishes among various rankings „The world’s most dangerous countries” based on crime rates, police protection, civil unrest, terrorism risk, kidnapping threat and geopolitical stability. In 2012, the top three were: Afghanistan, Iraq and Somalia. The third most dangerous country, Somalia, is also on the top of many other rankings; for instance it holds the first place of Forbes ,,Most Corrupt Countries” ahead of North Korea since 2008.56) For 22 years, there hasn’t been any established government and even international interventions by the UNO and the USA in order to stop the civil war and restore peace failed; but what are the conflicts in Somalia actually about? This paper is going to explain the Somali civil war, it’s roots and future prospects. Therefore, it is divided in seven main chapters: geographical aspect, historical aspect, ethnic aspect, political aspect, social aspect, economic aspect and future prospects. Each aspect illustrates the particular part of the conflict and after the future prospects based on a personal assessment there will be a summary of the conflict’s main issues. Since there is neither an established government nor any other official registration it is hard to find reliable data and statistics. Most of them are based on estimates and cannot keep up with the fast changes. That is why the figures in this paper may not be absolutely correct but nevertheless they can give a general idea of Somalia’s situation.

The content of this books is as following: 1.Summary of the Civil War in Somalia 3.Political Introduction To Somalia 4.Geographical Map Of Somalia 5. Introduction To Somalia's Civil War 6. Summary Of The Stages Passed In Two Decades 7.The Role Of Federalism In The Somali Conflict 8.Urgent Moral Rearmament For Revival 9. Is Revival Possible? 10: Everyone Could And Should Contribute 11: Prisoners' Contribution 12.The Role Of The Civil Society 13.Voluntary Services 14. Making Mindful Man To Make a Meaningful Nation 15 Transforming Revolution To Rehabilitation 16: Familyhood& Childcare 17: Education 18: Religion 19: Work Ethics 20.Sustainable Peace And Stability 21: Social Reformation For Sustainable Security 22: Somalia As A Hospitalized Patient 23: Our Problem Is A Mind Faculty 24: Mental Rehabilitation 25.Somalia Needs No Military, But 26. Conflict Between Culture And Politics 27: Curing The Chaos From Its Causes 28. Reconciliation And Reintegration 29: Public Investment Creates Reconciliation 30: Somalia Does Not Need Foreign Peace Operation But Border Surveillance 31: Somalis Know How To Resolve Their Internal Conflicts 32: Peace Making Methodology 33: Disarmament And Demobilization 34.Changing The Disputed Territories To Brotherly Neighborhood Denizens Chapter Six: 35.Domestic And Foreign Policy 36.All We Are Lacking Is a Leader 37: The Best Generation to Lead 38: Election And Its Toolkits 39: Governmental Structure 40: Competitive Leadership For Somaa 41: Political Choice For New Somalia 42.Personal Principles Lead To National Development 43: Tackling The Crisis Of Nepotism. 44: How To Eliminate Nepotism Based on Clannish System 45: How To Combat Mal-Administration, 46.General Advice To the Domestic Political Stakeholders 47: Special Advice To Foreign Political Stakeholders 48.Special Advice To the To The Islamic Extremists 49.Special Advice To New Generation 50.Modern Electronic System TO Eliminate Corruption 51. Fresh National E-Census 52.Economic Reformation For Development 53.Poverty And Hunger Eradication 54: Humanitarian Aid Or Development Cooperation 55: How To Deal With NGOs) 56: Privatization of Institutions 57: Local Product vs. Imported Product 58.Sustainable Development Collectively Working With Gender Balance 60. Commerce And Trade 62. Tourism And Energy Industry 63: Creating Job Opportunities 64: Land Construction And Environment 65. City Planning 66: Mogadishu's Urban Development Strategies Conclusion General Annotations Concluding Remarks Bibliography Introduction To My Political Platform

Conflict in the Horn of Africa examines how the Kenya-Somalia border problem has deep roots in pre-colonial and colonial times mirroring the phenomenon of shifting territorial and human frontiers and treaties which Britain, France, Italy, and Ethiopia made before and after World Wars I and II. This book documents the Kenya-Somalia border problem from the nineteenth century, when decisions ignored African concerns, to independence, when Africans acted as the principal players. Vincent Bakpetu Thompson analyses how the crises regarding Kenya and Somalia’s domestic situations impacted their international relations in and beyond the region. This book furthers the discussion by looking at the current problems in the region that are obscured by instability, infiltrations, the repetitive influx of refugees crossing and re-crossing the border, and increasing terrorist attacks.