Theologia Crucis

Recovery of Paul and Luther's theology of the cross has been an enduring legacy of twentieth-century theology, and in our own day the topic has continued to expand as more and more global voices join the conversation. The array of literature produced on the cross and its theological significance can be overwhelming. In this readable and concise introduction, Robert Saler provides an overview of the key motifs present in theologians seeking to understand how the cross of Jesus Christ informs the work of theology, ministry, and activism on behalf of victims of injustice today. He also demonstrates how theology of the cross can be a lens through which to understand crucial questions of our time related to the nature of beauty, God's redemption, and the forces which seek to overwhelm both. Ranging from Luther and Bonhoeffer to James Cone and feminist theologians, Saler makes this literature accessible to all who wish to understand how the cross shapes Christian claims about God and God's work on behalf of the world.

The cross carries the polar memories of history. One memory is the terrible violence imposed on Jesus, and the other is the memory of faith in the midst of the deepest abyss in human history. A theology of the cross contextualizes the dangerous combination of these memories in the present reality of life and death. A theology of the cross is thoroughly preoccupied with the agency of God, but not in a way that deals with the systematic apologetics of the knowledge of God. It deals with the knowledge of God before it becomes knowledge. It is the matter of the living and dying of our life. This book explores theologians of the cross in a global flow and proposes an intercontextual perspective of theology.

Luther's theology of the cross has impacted major theologians and centuries of theology, including the present, and yet it is weakened by its reactionary theological determinism, reductionism, and understandable failure to properly integrate fluid, melioristic, and pro-creation kingdom eschatology. N. T. Wright's revolutionary cross, articulated in The Day the Revolution Began: Reconsidering the Meaning of Jesus's Crucifixion, is a brilliant and clarion new creation eschatological call to action that suffers from a somewhat cryptic, imprecise, and unrefined eschatology. Heino O. Kadai has presented an authoritative and concise rendering of Luther's key insights. Brian Rustin has persuasively absolved Luther's theology of the cross of blame for the Deus absconditus of modernity in his Barthian influenced Covering Up Luther. Robert Cady Saler has masterfully articulated a relevant and pastoral Theologia Crucis framed by Moltmann's Theology of Hope that is most applicable to the contemporary church and sociopolitical engagement. A Theology of Cross and Kingdom sympathetically and creatively critiques and synthesizes dominant themes in such classical and contemporary theologies of the cross within a unified cross and kingdom eschatology. Matthews deftly overcomes many of the less than helpful disjunctive approaches to the theology of the cross while proffering a way forward for this most influential and core theological treasure of the church.

Luther's radical interpretation of the two natures of Christ, and specifically its expression through the ubiquitous presence of the humanity of Christ, is a fundamental, integral expression of that same theology. This expression of Luther's theology of the cross, Anthony asserts, provides both a fuller elaboration and an important and creative corrective with reference to recent signal expressions of the theology of the cross. As contemporary theologians of the cross have articulated (most notably Douglas John Hall and the late Alan E. Lewis), the theology of the cross, through a transformation of the divine attributes that honors the integrity of created beings, is preeminently a theology of redemption from within (within-redemption). In the process of outlining and analyzing these theologies of within-redemption, Anthony exposes an impasse created by these theologies regarding the relationship of within-redemption to individual human narratives. It is through Luther's radical interpretation of the two natures of Christ, Anthony contends, that complete within-redemption can be expressed. Anthony also evaluates the Christology of Karl Barth from the perspective of his findings. Not only is Anthony's work an innovative and fresh application of Luther's Christology for contemporary discussions of the theology of the cross, but it places Luther's Christology at the cutting edge of contemporary discussions regarding the theology of the cross and its within-redemption.

An astute and thought-provoking analysis of the theologia crucis and the significance of Karl Barth as a modern exponent of this theological tradition. In this volume New Zealand theologian Rosalene Bradbury argues convincingly that tethered to the tradition that gave rise to it, the term theologia crucis references a theological system centered around notions of false and true glory, and an ancient conviction that from the cross of Jesus Christ comes a revelatory and a saving Word.

Back cover: Engaging Bonhoeffer's dialogues with Barth and Heidegger in "Act and Being," J.I. de Keijzer shows how Bonhoeffer both in his critical assessment of Barth's dialectic and his appropriation of Heidegger's ontology articulates a contemporary "theologica crucis" that proves to be deeply influenced by Luther.