Transaction Planning Using Rules On Jurisdiction And The Recognition And Enforcement Of Judgments

Also available as an e-book Private international law is normally discussed in terms of rules applied in litigation involving parties from more than one State. Those same rules are fundamentally important, however, to those who plan crossborder commercial transactions with a desire to avoid having a dispute arise — or at least to place a party in the best position possible if a dispute does arise. This makes rules regarding jurisdiction, applicable law, and the recognition and enforcement of judgments vitally important to contract negotiations. It also makes the consideration of transactional interests important when developing new rules of private international law. These lectures examine rules of jurisdiction and rules of recognition and enforcement of judgments in the United States and the European Union, considering their similarities, their differences, and how they affect the transaction planning process.

Designed primarily as a casebook and text for law school study, this volume represents nearly four decades of work by the author to present the fundamentals of the law of international business transactions. The second edition refines and updates the materials in the first edition in a manner intended to be useful not only to students but as a desk book for practitioners. Like the first edition, this second edition focuses on the role of lawyers in identifying risks inherent in cross-border economic transactions, and then using primarily the law and negotiations to eliminate where possible, reduce where practicable and reallocate where necessary, those risks to the benefit of the client. Matters covered include: • the basic export-import sales contract; • the use of price-delivery terms to allocate both price and risk; • the application and use of the United Nations Sales Convention (CISG); • events which may excuse the nonperformance of a contract obligation; • when and how to opt in or out of the CISG; • financing the export sale with a commercial letter of credit; • a basic understanding of the WTO trade regulation system; • the regulation of importation, including tariff classification and valuation; • the regulation of exportation, including licensing and extraterritorial application of export laws; • U.S. and EU Rules affecting the professional liability of international transactions lawyers; • planning for the resolution of disputes in international transactions; • a comparative law understanding jurisdiction, applicable law, and judgments recognition; • issues affecting choices between arbitration and litigation of disputes; • drafting choice of forum clauses; • drafting choice of law clauses; • understanding rules regarding judgments obligations stated in foreign currencies; • recent multilateral efforts to harmonize the law on jurisdiction and judgments recognition; • dealing with and avoiding claims of sovereign immunity and act of state; • operating abroad through employees, agents, and distributors; • anti-bribery laws and the need for compliance programs and contract restrictions; • expropriation, political risk, and how to use insurance and contract terms to deal with them; • investor-state contracts; • antitrust laws and their extraterritorial application. Each chapter is designed to help the reader move from the simple cross-border sales transaction through steps which increase both activity abroad and the laws and regulations that may bring with them additional risks to be identified and allocated. A separate documents volume provides virtually all current primary source material on the law of international business transactions. There are many guides to the conduct of international business transactions, but none organized as clearly as this. With this up-to-date edition of a well-established practical guide, in-house lawyers for multinational corporations and practitioners in business law will quickly develop a framework for understanding each source of protection and enhance their ability to serve their company and clients well.

This book undertakes a systematic analysis of the 2019 Hague Judgments Convention, the 2005 Hague Choice of Court Convention 2005, and the 2017 Commonwealth Model Law on recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments from a pragmatic perspective. The book builds on the concept of pragmatism in private international law within the context of recognition and enforcement of judgments. It demonstrates the practical application of legal pragmatism by setting up a toolbox (pragmatic goals and methods) that will assist courts and policymakers in developing an effective and efficient judgments' enforcement scheme at national, bilateral and multilateral levels. Practitioners, national courts, policymakers, academics, students and litigants will benefit from the book's comparative approach using case law from the United Kingdom and other leading Commonwealth States, the United States, and the Court of Justice of the European Union. The book also provides interesting findings from the empirical research on the refusal of recognition and enforcement in the UK and the Commonwealth statutory registration schemes respectively.

Bringing together academics and private international lawyers from a wide range of jurisdictions and institutions, this volume explores how private international law can best contribute to the development of the global legal architecture needed to integrate our emerging multicultural world society.

This book looks at the question of extending the reach of the Brussels Ia Regulation to defendants not domiciled in an EU Member State. The Regulation, the centrepiece of the EU framework on civil procedure, is widely recognised as one of the most successful legal instruments on judicial cooperation. To provide a basis for the discussion of its possible extension, this volume takes a closer look at the national rules that currently govern the question of jurisdiction over non-EU defendants in each Member State through 17 national reports. The insights gained from them are summarised in a comparative report and critically discussed in further contributions, which look at the question both from a European and from a wider global perspective. Private international lawyers will be keen to read the findings and conclusions, which will also be of interest to practitioners and policy makers.

Brussels I Recast (Regulation No 1215/2012 on the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters) is intended to simplify and expedite cross-border enforcement of debts. However, some existing issues remain unresolved, and new ones have already been identi?ed since the Regulation entered into force in 2015. This collection of expert essays, the ?rst book to focus systematically and comprehensively on the area of remedies in the light of Brussels I Recast, offers detailed analyses of inherent problems and includes practical hypothetical cases illustrating major issues and how they may be resolved. The aspects covered by the contributors – all well-known academics, lawyers, and judges from different EU Member States – include the following: – grounds for refusal of recognition and enforcement; – certi?cation of enforceability and timely service of the certi?cate; – adaptation of enforcement measures that are determined in the judgment but are not known in the Member State of enforcement; – effect of requesting a translation of the judgment; – ?nancial implications of remedies; and – provisional measures and their role in a timely protection of rights. Because the success of Brussels I Recast depends on a very unpredictable implementation into national systems, the extent to which national barriers represent obstacles to fair and ef?cient judicial protection is thoroughly examined. A very useful concluding chapter presents practical cases highlighting the most important, as well as problematic, issues concerning enforcement of foreign judgments. The in-depth analyses conducted by the contributors clearly de?ne serious obstacles and propose solutions that will lead to better implementation of Brussels I Recast, better protection of party's rights, and further harmonisation in this ?eld of civil justice. This book is sure to be of exceptional value to counsel for multinational enterprises, EU and Member State legislators, enforcement agencies, and academics worldwide.

The Japan-led Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPPA) of 2018 is the most far-reaching 'megaregional' economic agreement in force, with several major countries beyond its eleven negotiating countries also interested. Still bearing the stamp of the original US involvement before the Trump-era reversal, TPP is the first instance of 'megaregulation': a demanding combination of inter-state economic ordering and national regulatory governance on a highly ambitious substantive and trans-regional scale. Its text and ambition have influenced other negotiations ranging from the Japan-EU Agreement (JEEPA) and the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) to the projected Pan-Asian Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). This book provides an extensive analysis of TPP as a megaregulatory project for channelling and managing new pressures of globalization, and of core critical arguments made against economic megaregulation from standpoints of development, inequality, labour rights, environmental interests, corporate capture, and elite governance. Specialized chapters cover supply chains, digital economy, trade facilitation, intellectual property, currency levels, competition and state-owned enterprises, government procurement, investment, prescriptions for national regulation, and the TPP institutions. Country studies include detailed analyses of TPP-related politics and approaches in Japan, Mexico, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, and Thailand. Contributors include leading practitioners and scholars in law, economics, and political science. At a time when the WTO and other global-scale institutions are struggling with economic nationalism and geopolitics, and bilateral and regional agreements are pressed by public disagreement and incompatibility with digital and capital and value chain flows, the megaregional ambition of TPP is increasingly important as a precedent requiring the close scrutiny this book presents.