Underground Cities

With over 60 per cent of the world’s population living in cities, the networks beneath our feet – which keep the cities above moving – are more important than ever before. Yet we never truly see how these amazing feats of engineering work. Just how deep do the tunnels go? Where do the sewers, bunkers and postal trains run? And, how many tunnels are there under our streets? Each featured city presents a ‘skyline of the underground’ through specially commissioned cut-away illustrations and unique cartography. Drawing on geography, cartography and historical oddities, Mark Ovenden explores what our cities look like from the bottom up.

Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art contains the contributions presented at the World Tunnel Congress 2019 (Naples, Italy, 3-9 May 2019). The use of underground space is continuing to grow, due to global urbanization, public demand for efficient transportation, and energy saving, production and distribution. The growing need for space at ground level, along with its continuous value increase and the challenges of energy saving and achieving sustainable development objectives, demand greater and better use of the underground space to ensure that it supports sustainable, resilient and more liveable cities. This vision was the source of inspiration for the design of the logos of both the International (ITA) and Italian (SIG) Tunnelling Association. By placing key infrastructures underground – the black circle in the logos – it will be possible to preserve and enhance the quality of the space at ground level – the green line. In order to consider and value underground space usage together with human and social needs, engineers, architects, and artists will have to learn to collaborate and develop an interdisciplinary design approach that addresses functionality, safety, aesthetics and quality of life, and adaptability to future and varied functions. The 700 contributions cover a wide range of topics, from more traditional subjects connected to technical challenges of design and construction of underground works, with emphasis on innovation in tunneling engineering, to less conventional and archetypically Italian themes such as archaeology, architecture, and art. The book has the following main themes: Archaeology, Architecture and Art in underground construction; Environment sustainability in underground construction; Geological and geotechnical knowledge and requirements for project implementation; Ground improvement in underground constructions; Innovation in underground engineering, materials and equipment; Long and deep tunnels; Public communication and awareness; Risk management, contracts and financial aspects; Safety in underground construction; Strategic use of underground space for resilient cities; Urban tunnels. Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art is a valuable reference text for tunneling specialists, owners, engineers, architects and others involved in underground planning, design and building around the world, and for academics who are interested in underground constructions and geotechnics.

Montréal’s underground city is one of the most famous of the world, attracting millions of tourists specifically to discover the secrets of the underground city. Its winding corridors and confusing passages also make it hard to navigate and discover the beauty lying beneath the city. With this guide, not only will you be able to find your way, discover the secrets of the underground city through exclusive content and breathtaking images, including: -The history of the underground -The 6 places you just can’t miss -Art of the Underground -And much more! Montréal’s underground city remains a mystery for most (including Montrealers!) but with this guide you’ll learn everything there is to know about the underground city, from how to get there to things to do. Montreal Underground City has a mission to create a better experience for all navigators of the underground city, whether they be tourists or Montrealers. By redesigning a new map and combining the newest technologies with their unique database, Montreal Underground City gives free resources to those wishing to visit the underground or use the underground tunnels to get from one section to another without stepping outside.

A highly original work that deals a shattering blow to all our preconceived notions about our past and human origins. Worldwide legends refer to giant flying lizards and dragons that came to this planet and founded the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, India and China. Who were these reptilian creatures? What was the real reason for mans creation? Why did Adam lose his chance at immortality in the Garden of Eden? Who were the Nefilim who descended from heaven and mated with human women? Why did the serpent take such a bad rap in history? Why didnt Adam and Eve wear clothes? What were the crystals or stones that the gods fought over? Why did the ancient Sumerians call their major gods USHUMGAL, which means literally great fiery, flying serpent? What were the boats of heaven in ancient Egypt and the sky chariots of the Bible? This book tells it all.

Offers exposition of the classification of underground space, important considerations such as geological and engineering and underground planning. This title includes chapters concerning applications for underground water storage, underground car parks, underground metros and road tunnels and underground storage of crude oil, lpg and natural gas.

In this edition: Letters Alternative News Jeane Manning - Tiny Tornadoes of Magnetism Michael Cremo - The ‘Tooth’ Is Out There Hominid Hokum - Do We Know What We Think We Know About Our Ancestors? Subterranean Cappadocia - Mysterious Ancient Underground Cities—Ice Age Shelters? Soul Stuff - Are Deathbed Mists the Soul Departing? Jesse James: Secret Agent- Preserving the Confederacy with Bank Robbery and Murder Plato and the Near Death Experience Rudolph Steiner and Visible Speech Norsemen in Minnesota The Atlantis Connection? - Strange Genetic Links Between North America and the Ancient Middle East The Great Pyramid’s Missing Capstone - It Was There Once, but What Happened to It? Lucid Dreams - When the Stuff of Dreams Becomes More than Real

This book explores the processes by which, in the 20 years after 9/11, the practices of urban security and counter-terrorism have impacted the everyday experiences of the Western city. Highlighting the localised urban responses to new security challenges, it reflects critically upon the historical trajectory of techniques of territorialisation and physical protection, urban surveillance and the increasing need for cities to enhance resilience and prepare for anticipated future attacks and unpacks the practices and impacts of the intensification of recent urban security practices in the name of countering terrorism. Drawing on over 25 years of research and practical experience, the author utilises a range of international case studies, framed by conceptual ideas drawn from critical security, political and geographical theory. The book will be of interest to students and scholars of politics, war studies, urban studies, geography, sociology, criminology, and the growing market of security and resilience professionals, as well as non-academic audiences seeking to understand responses to terrorist risk.

The Tradition and First Born Law have governed the way of life for hundreds of years – an agreement where humans supply Vampires with fresh blood for the protection of their cities, and a law that promises the first born child of each family to that city’s Vampire cause. Vampires reign supreme underground, but even they fear what awaits them on the desolate surface. The faltering Sun has dawned a new age of faster, stronger Vampires – the Vampeez. Levi is a First Born – property of Salvation and scheduled to be Turned on his 18th birthday. When his girlfriend, Sarah, is Turned months before his own birthday, he finds himself thrust into the secrets of the Vampire world in attempts to salvage her memories and their relationship. Salvation’s council seizes Sarah’s vulnerability to begin their plans to do away with the Vampeez, but they must also contend with a new threat. A new Vampeez Queen has been crowned and is about to prove herself to be a formidable foe.