Very Large Scale Computation In The 21st Century

This text on very large scale computation in the 21st century covers such topics as: challenges in the natural sciences and physics; chemistry; fluid dynamics; astrophysics; biology; challenges in engineering; challenges in algorithm design; and challenges in system design.

The 20th century saw tremendous achievements and progress in science and technology. Undoubtedly, computers and computer-related technologies acted as one of vital catalysts for accelerating this progress in the latter half of the century. The contributions of mathematical sciences have been equally profound, and the synergy between mathematics and computer science has played a key role in accelerating the progress of both fields as well as science and engineering. Mathematical sciences will undoubtedly continue to play this vital role in this new century. In particular, mathematical modeling and numerical simulation will continue to be among the essential methodologies for solving massive and complex problems that arise in science, engineering and manufacturing. Underpinning this all from a sound, theoretical perspective will be numerical algorithms. In recognition of this observation, this volume focuses on the following specific topics. (1) Fundamental numerical algorithms (2) Applications of numerical algorithms (3) Emerging technologies. The articles included in this issue by experts on advanced scientific and engineering computations from numerous countries elucidate state-of-the-art achievements in these three topics from various angles and suggest the future directions. Although we cannot hope to cover all the aspects in scientific and engineering computations, we hope that the articles will interest, inform and inspire members of the science and engineering community.

This volume contains new trends of computational fluid dynamics for the 21st century and consists of papers especially useful to the younger generation of scientists and engineers in this field. Topics include cartesian, gridless and higher-order schemes, and flow-visualization techniques.

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Leuven, Belgium, August 3-14, 1992

High Performance Computing Demystified provides an overview of high performance resources and their applications across many disciplines. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 16 chapters that cover the principles, mode of operation, and practical aspects of supercomputers. The first and second parts provide a brief history of high performance computing and describe the “basic parts needed to build high performance computers, including high performance microprocessors and network topologies. The third part examines the features of multiprocessor architectures of high performance, such as the large number crunchers, massively parallel processing machines, and networks of workstations. The fourth part deals with the software paradigms for high performance, while the fifth part looks into the high performance computing resources that are available to the public, with some guide to accessing those resources. This book is intended primarily for engineers and business managers who have a basic understanding of computers and would like to learn about high performance computing.

This volume contains papers presented at the NATO sponsored Advanced Research Workshop on "Software for Parallel Computation" held at the University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy, from June 22 to June 26, 1992. The purpose of the workshop was to evaluate the current state-of-the-art of the software for parallel computation, identify the main factors inhibiting practical applications of parallel computers and suggest possible remedies. In particular it focused on parallel software, programming tools, and practical experience of using parallel computers for solving demanding problems. Critical issues relative to the practical use of parallel computing included: portability, reusability and debugging, parallelization of sequential programs, construction of parallel algorithms, and performance of parallel programs and systems. In addition to NATO, the principal sponsor, the following organizations provided a generous support for the workshop: CERFACS, France, C.I.R.A., Italy, C.N.R., Italy, University of Calabria, Italy, ALENIA, Italy, The Boeing Company, U.S.A., CISE, Italy, ENEL - D.S.R., Italy, Alliant Computer Systems, Bull RN Sud, Italy, Convex Computer, Digital Equipment Corporation, Rewlett Packard, Meiko Scientific, U.K., PARSYTEC Computer, Germany, TELMAT Informatique, France, Thinking Machines Corporation.

Enabling Technologies for Computational Science assesses future application computing needs, identifies research directions in problem-solving environments (PSEs), addresses multi-disciplinary environments operating on the Web, proposes methodologies and software architectures for building adaptive and human-centered PSEs, and describes the role of symbolic computing in scientific and engineering PSEs. The book also includes an extensive bibliography of over 400 references. Enabling Technologies for Computational Science illustrates the extremely broad and interdisciplinary nature of the creation and application of PSEs. Authors represent academia, government laboratories and industry, and come from eight distinct disciplines (chemical engineering, computer science, ecology, electrical engineering, mathematics, mechanical engineering, psychology and wood sciences). This breadth and diversity extends into the computer science aspects of PSEs. These papers deal with topics such as artificial intelligence, computer-human interaction, control, data mining, graphics, language design and implementation, networking, numerical analysis, performance evaluation, and symbolic computing. Enabling Technologies for Computational Science provides an assessment of the state of the art and a road map to the future in the area of problem-solving environments for scientific computing. This book is suitable as a reference for scientists from a variety of disciplines interested in using PSEs for their research.